Introduction to CGI

The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a standard protocol for enabling applications (commonly called CGI programs or CGI scripts) to interact with Web servers and (indirectly) with clients (e.g., Web browsers). CGI is often used to generate dynamic Web content using client input, databases and other information services. A Web page is dynamic if its content is generated programmatically when the page is requested, unlike static Web content, which is not generated programmatically when the page is requested (i.e., the page already exists before the request is made). For example, we can use a static Web page to ask a user to input a ZIP code, then redirect the user to a CGI script that generates a dynamic Web page customized for people in that geographical area. In this chapter, we introduce the basics of CGI and use C++ to write our first CGI scripts.


The Common Gateway Interface is "common" in the sense that it is not specific to any particular operating system (such as Linux or Windows) or to any one programming language. CGI was designed to be used with virtually any programming language, such as C, C++, Perl, Python or Visual Basic.

CGI was developed in 1993 by NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applicationswww.ncsa.uiuc.edu) for use with its popular HTTPd Web server. Unlike Web protocols and languages that have formal specifications, the initial concise description of CGI written by NCSA proved simple enough that CGI was adopted as an unofficial standard worldwide. CGI support was incorporated quickly into other Web servers, including Apache.

Introduction to Computers, the Internet and World Wide Web

Introduction to C++ Programming

Introduction to Classes and Objects

Control Statements: Part 1

Control Statements: Part 2

Functions and an Introduction to Recursion

Arrays and Vectors

Pointers and Pointer-Based Strings

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 1

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 2

Operator Overloading; String and Array Objects

Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance

Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism

Templates

Stream Input/Output

Exception Handling

File Processing

Class string and String Stream Processing

Web Programming

Searching and Sorting

Data Structures

Bits, Characters, C-Strings and structs

Standard Template Library (STL)

Other Topics

Appendix A. Operator Precedence and Associativity Chart

Appendix B. ASCII Character Set

Appendix C. Fundamental Types

Appendix D. Number Systems

Appendix E. C Legacy Code Topics

Appendix F. Preprocessor

Appendix G. ATM Case Study Code

Appendix H. UML 2: Additional Diagram Types

Appendix I. C++ Internet and Web Resources

Appendix J. Introduction to XHTML

Appendix K. XHTML Special Characters

Appendix L. Using the Visual Studio .NET Debugger

Appendix M. Using the GNU C++ Debugger

Bibliography



C++ How to Program
C++ How to Program (5th Edition)
ISBN: 0131857576
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2004
Pages: 627

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