A.1. Operator Precedence

Operators are shown in decreasing order of precedence from top to bottom (Fig. A.1).

Figure A.1. Operator precedence and associativity chart.


[Pages 1229 - 1230]

Operator

Type

Associativity

::

binary scope resolution

left to right

::

unary scope resolution

 

()

parentheses

left to right

[]

array subscript

 

.

member selection via object

 

->

member selection via pointer

 

++

unary postfix increment

 

--

unary postfix decrement

 

typeid

runtime type information

 

dynamic_cast < type >

runtime type-checked cast

 

static_cast< type >

compile-time type-checked cast

 

reinterpret_cast< type >

cast for nonstandard conversions

 

const_cast< type >

cast away const-ness

 

++

unary prefix increment

right to left

--

unary prefix decrement

 

+

unary plus

 

-

unary minus

 

!

unary logical negation

 

~

unary bitwise complement

 

sizeof

determine size in bytes

 

&

address

 

*

dereference

 

new

dynamic memory allocation

 

new[]

dynamic array allocation

 

delete

dynamic memory deallocation

 

delete[]

dynamic array deallocation

 

( type )

C-style unary cast

right to left

.*

pointer to member via object

left to right

->*

pointer to member via pointer

 

*

multiplication

left to right

/

division

 

%

modulus

 

+

addition

left to right

-

subtraction

 

<<

bitwise left shift

left to right

>>

bitwise right shift

 

<

relational less than

left to right

<=

relational less than or equal to

 

>

relational greater than

 

>=

relational greater than or equal to

 

==

relational is equal to

left to right

!=

relational is not equal to

 

&

bitwise AND

left to right

^

bitwise exclusive OR

left to right

|

bitwise inclusive OR

left to right

&&

logical AND

left to right

||

logical OR

left to right

?:

ternary conditional

right to left

=

assignment

right to left

+=

addition assignment

 

-=

subtraction assignment

 

*=

multiplication assignment

 

/=

division assignment

 

%=

modulus assignment

 

&=

bitwise AND assignment

 

^=

bitwise exclusive OR assignment

 

|=

bitwise inclusive OR assignment

 

<<=

bitwise left-shift assignment

 

>>=

bitwise right-shift assignment

 

,

comma

left to right



Introduction to Computers, the Internet and World Wide Web

Introduction to C++ Programming

Introduction to Classes and Objects

Control Statements: Part 1

Control Statements: Part 2

Functions and an Introduction to Recursion

Arrays and Vectors

Pointers and Pointer-Based Strings

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 1

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 2

Operator Overloading; String and Array Objects

Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance

Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism

Templates

Stream Input/Output

Exception Handling

File Processing

Class string and String Stream Processing

Web Programming

Searching and Sorting

Data Structures

Bits, Characters, C-Strings and structs

Standard Template Library (STL)

Other Topics

Appendix A. Operator Precedence and Associativity Chart

Appendix B. ASCII Character Set

Appendix C. Fundamental Types

Appendix D. Number Systems

Appendix E. C Legacy Code Topics

Appendix F. Preprocessor

Appendix G. ATM Case Study Code

Appendix H. UML 2: Additional Diagram Types

Appendix I. C++ Internet and Web Resources

Appendix J. Introduction to XHTML

Appendix K. XHTML Special Characters

Appendix L. Using the Visual Studio .NET Debugger

Appendix M. Using the GNU C++ Debugger

Bibliography



C++ How to Program
C++ How to Program (5th Edition)
ISBN: 0131857576
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2004
Pages: 627

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