Computing Present Value
Problem
You need to determine the present value of a future dollar amount, considering the time value of money.
Solution
Use the built-in function PV.
Discussion
Consider this example: what is the present value of a $5,000 payment to occur three years from now if the annual interest rate is 7%? You can use the present value, PV, function to find out. The syntax for PV is =PV(rate, nper, pmt, fv, type), where rate is the interest rate per period, nper is the number of payment periods, pmt is the payment per period, fv is the future value, and type is an indicator of the payment type (0 for payments at the end of each pay period or 1 for payments at the beginning of each pay period).
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To compute the present value for our example, enter the formula =PV(0.07, 3, 0, 5000) in a cell. The result comes to -$4,081.49. Excel generates this as a negative number, implying that this is what you would have to invest now at the given rate to have a future value of $5,000 three years from now. You can get rid of the negative by taking the absolute value, using the ABS function (see Chapter 7).
See Also
Take a look at the other recipes in this chapter to learn about other calculations of the time value of money.
Using Excel
- Introduction
- Navigating the Interface
- Entering Data
- Setting Cell Data Types
- Selecting More Than a Single Cell
- Entering Formulas
- Exploring the R1C1 Cell Reference Style
- Referring to More Than a Single Cell
- Understanding Operator Precedence
- Using Exponents in Formulas
- Exploring Functions
- Formatting Your Spreadsheets
- Defining Custom Format Styles
- Leveraging Copy, Cut, Paste, and Paste Special
- Using Cell Names (Like Programming Variables)
- Validating Data
- Taking Advantage of Macros
- Adding Comments and Equation Notes
- Getting Help
Getting Acquainted with Visual Basic for Applications
- Introduction
- Navigating the VBA Editor
- Writing Functions and Subroutines
- Working with Data Types
- Defining Variables
- Defining Constants
- Using Arrays
- Commenting Code
- Spanning Long Statements over Multiple Lines
- Using Conditional Statements
- Using Loops
- Debugging VBA Code
- Exploring VBAs Built-in Functions
- Exploring Excel Objects
- Creating Your Own Objects in VBA
- VBA Help
Collecting and Cleaning Up Data
- Introduction
- Importing Data from Text Files
- Importing Data from Delimited Text Files
- Importing Data Using Drag-and-Drop
- Importing Data from Access Databases
- Importing Data from Web Pages
- Parsing Data
- Removing Weird Characters from Imported Text
- Converting Units
- Sorting Data
- Filtering Data
- Looking Up Values in Tables
- Retrieving Data from XML Files
Charting
- Introduction
- Creating Simple Charts
- Exploring Chart Styles
- Formatting Charts
- Customizing Chart Axes
- Setting Log or Semilog Scales
- Using Multiple Axes
- Changing the Type of an Existing Chart
- Combining Chart Types
- Building 3D Surface Plots
- Preparing Contour Plots
- Annotating Charts
- Saving Custom Chart Types
- Copying Charts to Word
- Recipe 4-14. Displaying Error Bars
Statistical Analysis
- Introduction
- Computing Summary Statistics
- Plotting Frequency Distributions
- Calculating Confidence Intervals
- Correlating Data
- Ranking and Percentiles
- Performing Statistical Tests
- Conducting ANOVA
- Generating Random Numbers
- Sampling Data
Time Series Analysis
- Introduction
- Plotting Time Series Data
- Adding Trendlines
- Computing Moving Averages
- Smoothing Data Using Weighted Averages
- Centering Data
- Detrending a Time Series
- Estimating Seasonal Indices
- Deseasonalization of a Time Series
- Forecasting
- Applying Discrete Fourier Transforms
Mathematical Functions
- Introduction
- Using Summation Functions
- Delving into Division
- Mastering Multiplication
- Exploring Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
- Using Trigonometry Functions
- Seeing Signs
- Getting to the Root of Things
- Rounding and Truncating Numbers
- Converting Between Number Systems
- Manipulating Matrices
- Building Support for Vectors
- Using Spreadsheet Functions in VBA Code
- Dealing with Complex Numbers
Curve Fitting and Regression
- Introduction
- Performing Linear Curve Fitting Using Excel Charts
- Constructing Your Own Linear Fit Using Spreadsheet Functions
- Using a Single Spreadsheet Function for Linear Curve Fitting
- Performing Multiple Linear Regression
- Generating Nonlinear Curve Fits Using Excel Charts
- Fitting Nonlinear Curves Using Solver
- Assessing Goodness of Fit
- Computing Confidence Intervals
Solving Equations
- Introduction
- Finding Roots Graphically
- Solving Nonlinear Equations Iteratively
- Automating Tedious Problems with VBA
- Solving Linear Systems
- Tackling Nonlinear Systems of Equations
- Using Classical Methods for Solving Equations
Numerical Integration and Differentiation
- Introduction
- Integrating a Definite Integral
- Implementing the Trapezoidal Rule in VBA
- Computing the Center of an Area Using Numerical Integration
- Calculating the Second Moment of an Area
- Dealing with Double Integrals
- Numerical Differentiation
Solving Ordinary Differential Equations
- Introduction
- Solving First-Order Initial Value Problems
- Applying the Runge-Kutta Method to Second-Order Initial Value Problems
- Tackling Coupled Equations
- Shooting Boundary Value Problems
Solving Partial Differential Equations
- Introduction
- Leveraging Excel to Directly Solve Finite Difference Equations
- Recruiting Solver to Iteratively Solve Finite Difference Equations
- Solving Initial Value Problems
- Using Excel to Help Solve Problems Formulated Using the Finite Element Method
Performing Optimization Analyses in Excel
- Introduction
- Using Excel for Traditional Linear Programming
- Exploring Resource Allocation Optimization Problems
- Getting More Realistic Results with Integer Constraints
- Tackling Troublesome Problems
- Optimizing Engineering Design Problems
- Understanding Solver Reports
- Programming a Genetic Algorithm for Optimization
Introduction to Financial Calculations
- Introduction
- Computing Present Value
- Calculating Future Value
- Figuring Out Required Rate of Return
- Doubling Your Money
- Determining Monthly Payments
- Considering Cash Flow Alternatives
- Achieving a Certain Future Value
- Assessing Net Present Worth
- Estimating Rate of Return
- Solving Inverse Problems
- Figuring a Break-Even Point
Index
EAN: 2147483647
Pages: 206
