Setting Up a PIM-SM Bootstrap Router
Problem
You want to use PIM in sparse mode, not in dense mode, and have it dynamically determine RPs, and you want to use a standard method, not auto-RP.
Solution
Configure a PIM bootstrap router to dynamically set up RPs for the PIM domain. First, configure the routers that are candidates to be bootstrap routers:
[edit protocols pim] aviva@RouterB# set rp bootstrap-priority 50 aviva@RouterB# set interface all mode sparse [edit protocols pim] aviva@RouterA# set rp bootstrap-priority 50 aviva@RouterA# set interface all mode sparse
Then, configure which routers are candidates to be RPs:
[edit protocols pim] aviva@RouterA# set rp local address 192.168.13.1 [edit protocols pim] aviva@RouterG# set rp local address 192.168.19.1 aviva@RouterG# set interface all mode sparse
Discussion
PIM Version 2 supports a bootstrap protocol for dynamically learning the RPs in a PIM-SM domain and mapping multicast groups to RP addresses. A bootstrap router is responsible for constructing an RP set, which is a list of candidate RPs and the group prefixes that correspond to the RP set. The bootstrap router distributes this information in Bootstrap messages that are multicast to 224.0.0.13, which is the All-PIM-Routers group. Candidate RPs send Candidate RP Advertisement messages to announce their group prefixes to the elected bootstrap router. It is then the job of the elected bootstrap router to choose the RP for each group.
The PIM bootstrap protocol sets up a primary bootstrap router and a backup candidate bootstrap router, which is available in case the primary one goes down.
In this recipe, RouterA and RouterB act as the bootstrap routers, and RouterA and RouterG are the RPs. The set rp bootstrap-priority commands establish these two routers as the candidate bootstrap routers. The priority value ranks the likelihood for the router to actually become the bootstrap router. The value can be from 0 through 255, with a lower number representing a higher priority. However, setting the value to 0 makes the router ineligible to become the bootstrap router. The set rp local address commands on RouterA and RouterG configure these two routers as RPs. The commands in the recipe include the set mode sparse command to re-enforce the fact that the routers are running in sparse mode. If you are switching from auto-RP, which requires PIM to be in sparse-dense mode, make sure you change PIM back to sparse mode.
Verify that a bootstrap router has been elected. Both routers have the same priority for becoming bootstrap routers, so lets look on RouterA first:
aviva@RouterA> show pim bootstrap Instance: PIM.master BSR Pri Local address Pri State Timeout 192.168.13.1 50 192.168.13.1 50 Elected 57
The BSR column shows that 192.168.13.1 (RouterA) is the bootstrap router. The State column confirms that this router has been elected as the bootstrap router. Now check RouterB:
aviva@RouterB> show pim bootstrap Instance: PIM.master BSR Pri Local address Pri State Timeout 192.168.13.1 50 192.168.12.1 50 Candidate 124
The BSR column again shows that RouterA is the bootstrap router. The State column indicates that RouterB is the candidate bootstrap router. Why did RouterA win the bootstrap election? Because the bootstrap election priority is the same on both routers, the outcome is determined by choosing the router with the higher IP address.
Verify that the other routers know about the bootstrap router. We can look on RouterG:
aviva@RouterG> show pim bootstrap Instance: PIM.master BSR Pri Local address Pri State Timeout 192.168.13.1 50 192.168.19.1 0 InEligible 121
Again, you see this router knows that RouterA (192.168.13.1)is the bootstrap router. The Pri column shows that RouterGs priority to become the bootstrap router is 0, which means it can never become the bootstrap router. The State column confirms this (Ineligible). The show pim bootstrap command output on the RouterE is similar to that on RouterG.
Now check the RP status on the routers. This recipe configured RouterA and RouterG as RPs. We check RouterA first:
aviva@RouterA> show pim rps inet Instance: PIM.master Address family INET RP address Type Holdtime Timeout Active groups Group prefixes 192.168.13.1 bootstrap 150 None 3 224.0.0.0/4 192.168.13.1 static 0 None 3 224.0.0.0/4
The first line shows that this router (192.168.13.1)has been elected as the RP by the bootstrap router. The statically configured RP, shown in the second line of the output, is inactive because its hold time, which is how long the RP should remain active, is 0.
This recipe also configures RouterG as a candidate RP, so check its RP status:
aviva@RouterG> show pim rps inet Instance: PIM.master Address family INET RP address Type Holdtime Timeout Active groups Group prefixes 192.168.13.1 bootstrap 150 150 3 224.0.0.0/4 192.168.19.1 static 0 None 0 224.0.0.0/4
The first line in the output confirms that RouterA (192.168.13.1)is the RP, as elected by the bootstrap router. The second line of the output confirms that we statically configured RouterG to be an RP, but the hold-time value of 0 shows you that this configuration is not active.
See Also
Recipes 16.2 and 16.3
Router Configuration and File Management
- Introduction
- Configuring the Router for the First Time
- Configuring the Router from the CLI
- Getting Exclusive Access to Configure the Router
- Displaying the Commands to Recreate a Configuration
- Including Comments in the Configuration
- Checking the Syntax of the Configuration
- Activating the Router Configuration
- Debugging a Failed Commit
- Exiting Configuration Mode
- Keeping a Record of Configuration Changes
- Determining What Changes You Have Made to the Configuration
- Configuring the Router by Copying a File from a Server
- Configuring the Router by Copying Text from a Terminal Window
- Backing Up the Routers Configuration
- Scheduling the Activation of a Configuration
- Provisionally Activating a Configuration
- Loading a Previous Router Configuration
- Creating an Emergency Rescue Configuration
- Backing Up Filesystems on M-Series and T-Series Routers
- Backing Up Filesystems on J-Series Routers
- Restoring a Backed-Up Filesystem
- Installing a Different Software Release on M-Series and T-Series Routers
- Installing a Different Software Release on J-Series Routers
- Creating an Emergency Boot Disk
- Gathering Software Version Information
- Gathering Hardware Inventory Information
- Finding Out How Long the Router Has Been Up
- Gathering Information Before Contacting Support
- Managing Routers with Similar Configurations
- Managing Redundant Routing Engines
- Using the Second Routing Engine to Upgrade to a New Software Version
Basic Router Security and Access Control
- Basic Router Security and Access Control
- Introduction
- Allowing Access to the Router
- Controlling Root Authentication
- Logging In to the Routers Console
- Setting the Login Authentication Methods
- Setting Up Login Accounts on the Router
- Changing the Format of Plain-Text Passwords
- Changing the Plain-Text Password Encryption Method
- Creating a Login Account for Remote Authentication
- Creating a Group Login Account
- Customizing Account Privileges
- Creating a Privilege Class that Hides Encrypted Passwords
- Setting Up RADIUS User Authentication
- Setting Up TACACS+ User Authentication
- Restricting Inbound SSH and Telnet Access
- Setting the Source Address for Telnet Connections
- Creating a Login Banner
- Finding Out Who Is Logged In to the Router
- Logging Out of the Router
- Forcibly Logging a User Out
IPSec
- IPSec
- Introduction
- Configuring IPSec
- Configuring IPSec Dynamic SAs
- Creating IPSec Dynamic SAs on J-Series Routers or Routers with AS PICs
- Using Digital Certificates to Create Dynamic IPSec SAs
SNMP
- SNMP
- Introduction
- Configuring SNMP
- Setting Router Information for the MIB-II System Group
- Setting Up SNMP Traps
- Controlling SNMP Access to the Router
- Using a Firewall Filter to Protect SNMP Access
- Controlling Access to Router MIBs
- Extracting Software Inventory Information with SNMP
- Extracting Hardware Inventory Information with SNMP
- Collecting Router Operational Information with SNMP
- Logging SNMP Access to the Router
- Logging Enterprise-Specific Traps
- Using RMON Traps to Monitor the Routers Temperature
- Configuring SNMPv3
- Tracking Router Configuration Changes
- Setting Up SNMPv3 Traps
Logging
- Logging
- Introduction
- Turning On Logging
- Limiting the Messages Collected
- Including the Facility and Severity in Messages
- Changing the Size of a Logging File
- Clearing the Routers Logfiles
- Sending Log Messages to Your Screen
- Sending Logging Messages to a Log Server
- Saving Logging Messages to the Other Routing Engine
- Turning Off Logging
- Turning On Basic Tracing
- Monitoring Interface Traffic
NTP
- NTP
- Introduction
- Setting the Date and Time on the Router Manually
- Setting the Time Zone
- Synchronizing Time When the Router Boots
- Synchronizing Time Periodically
- Authenticating NTP
- Checking NTP Status
Router Interfaces
- Router Interfaces
- Introduction
- Viewing Interface Status
- Viewing Traffic Statistics on an Interface
- Setting an IP Address for the Router
- Setting the Routers Source Address
- Configuring an IPv4 Address on an Interface
- Configuring an IPv6 Address on an Interface
- Configuring an ISO Address on an Interface
- Creating an MPLS Protocol Family on a Logical Interface
- Configuring an Interface Description
- Choosing Primary and Preferred Interface Addresses
- Using the Management Interface
- Finding Out What IP Addresses Are Used on the Router
- Configuring Ethernet Interfaces
- Using VRRP on Ethernet Interfaces
- Connecting to an Ethernet Switch
- Configuring T1 Interfaces
- Performing a Loopback Test on a T1 Interface
- Setting Up a BERT Test on a T1 Interface
- Configuring Frame Relay on a T1 Interface
- Configuring a SONET Interface
- Using APS to Protect Against SONET Circuit Failures
- Configuring an ATM Interface
- Dealing with Nonconfigurable Interfaces
- Configuring Interfaces Before the PICs Are Installed
IP Routing
- IP Routing
- Introduction
- Viewing the Routes in the Routing Table
- Viewing Routes to a Particular Prefix
- Viewing Routes Learned from a Specific Protocol
- Displaying the Routes in the Forwarding Table
- Creating Static Routes
- Blackholing Routes
- Filtering Traffic Using Unicast Reverse-Path Forwarding
- Aggregating Routes
- Load-Balancing Traffic Flows
- Adding Martian Addresses
- Changing Route Preferences to Migrate to Another IGP
- Configuring Routing Protocols to Restart Without Losing Adjacencies
Routing Policy and Firewall Filters
- Routing Policy and Firewall Filters
- Introduction
- Creating a Simple Routing Policy
- Changing a Routes Routing Information
- Filtering Routes by IP Address
- Filtering Long Prefixes
- Filtering Unallocated Prefix Blocks
- Creating a Chain of Routing Policies
- Making Sure a Routing Policy Is Functioning Properly
- Creating a Simple Firewall Filter that Matches Packet Contents
- Creating a Firewall Filter that Negates a Match
- Reordering Firewall Terms
- Filtering Traffic Transiting the Router
- Using a Firewall Filter to Count Traffic on an Interface
- Logging the Traffic on an Interface
- Limiting Traffic on an Interface
- Protecting the Local Routing Engine
- Rate-Limiting Traffic Flow to the Routing Engine
- Using Counters to Determine Whether a Router Is Under Attack
RIP
- RIP
- Introduction
- Configuring RIP
- Having RIP Advertise Its Routes
- Configuring RIP for IPv6
- Enabling RIP Authentication
- Routing RIP Traffic over Faster Interfaces
- Sending Version 1 Update Messages
- Tracing RIP Protocol Traffic
IS-IS
- IS-IS
- Introduction
- Configuring IS-IS
- Viewing the IS-IS Link-State Database
- Viewing Routes Learned by IS-IS
- Configuring IS-IS for IPv6
- Configuring a Level 1Only Router
- Controlling DIS Election
- Enabling IS-IS Authentication
- Redistributing Static Routes into IS-IS
- Leaking IS-IS Level 2 Routes into Level 1
- Adjusting IS-IS Link Costs
- Improving IS-IS Convergence Times
- Moving IS-IS Traffic off a Router
- Disabling IS-IS on an Interface
- Tracing IS-IS Protocol Traffic
OSPF
- Introduction
- Configuring OSPF
- Viewing Routes Learned by OSPF
- Viewing the OSPF Link-State Database
- Configuring OSPF for IPv6
- Configuring a Multiarea OSPF Network
- Setting Up Stub Areas
- Creating a Not-So-Stubby Area
- Summarizing Routes in OSPF
- Enabling OSPF Authentication
- Redistributing Static Routes into OSPF
- Adjusting OSPF Link Costs
- Improving OSPF Convergence Times
- Moving OSPF Traffic off a Router
- Disabling OSPF on an Interface
- Tracing OSPF Protocol Traffic
BGP
- Introduction
- Configuring a BGP Session Between Routers in Two ASs
- Configuring BGP on Routers Within an AS
- Diagnosing TCP Session Problems
- Adjusting the Next-Hop Attribute
- Adjusting Local Preference Values
- Removing Private AS Numbers from the AS Path
- Prepending AS Numbers to the AS Path
- Filtering BGP Routes Based on AS Paths
- Restricting the Number of Routes Advertised to a BGP Peer
- Authenticating BGP Peers
- Setting Up Route Reflectors
- Mitigating Route Instabilities with Route Flap Damping
- Adding a BGP Community to Routes
- Load-Balancing BGP Traffic
- Tracing BGP Protocol Traffic
MPLS
- Introduction
- Configuring LSPs Using LDP as the Signaling Protocol
- Viewing Information and LDP-Signaled LSPs in the Routing Tables
- Verifying that an LDP-Signaled LSP Is Carrying Traffic
- Enabling LDP Authentication
- Tracing LDP Operations
- Setting Up RSVP-Signaled LSPs
- Viewing Information About RSVP-Signaled LSPs in the Routing Tables
- Verifying Packet Labels
- Verifying that the RSVP-Signaled LSP Is Carrying Traffic
- Configuring RSVP Authentication
- Protecting an LSPs Path
- Using Fast Reroute to Reduce Packet Loss Following a Link Failure
- Automatically Allocating Bandwidth
- Prioritizing LSPs
- Allowing IGP Traffic to Use an LSP
- Installing LSPs into the Unicast Routing Table
- Tracing RSVP Operations
VPNs
- Introduction
- Setting Up a Simple Layer 3 VPN
- Viewing the VPN Routing Tables
- Adding a VPN for a Second Customer
IP Multicast
- Introduction
- Configuring PIM-SM
- Manually Establishing a PIM-SM RP
- Using Auto-RP to Dynamically Map RPs
- Setting Up a PIM-SM Bootstrap Router
- Filtering PIM-SM Bootstrap Messages
- Configuring Multiple RPs in a PIM-SM Domain with Anycast RP
- Configuring Multiple RPs in a PIM-SM Domain Anycast PIM
- Limiting the Group Ranges an RP Services
- Viewing Multicast Routes
- Checking the Groups for Which a PIM-SM Router Maintains Join State
- Manually Configuring IGMP
- Using SSM
- Connecting PIM-SM Domains Using MSDP and MBGP
- Configuring PIM-DM
- Tracing PIM Packets
EAN: 2147483647
Pages: 290
