ItaniumR Architecture for Programmers. Understanding 64-Bit Processors and EPIC Principles
ItaniumR Architecture for Programmers. Understanding 64-Bit Processors and EPIC Principles
ISBN: N/A
EAN: N/A
EAN: N/A
Year: 2003
Pages: 223
Pages: 223
- Main Page
- Table of content
- Copyright
- Hewlett-Packard Professional Books
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Trademarks
- Chapter 1. Architecture and Implementation
- 1.1 Analogy: Piano Architecture
- 1.2 Types of Computer Languages
- 1.3 Why Study Assembly Language?
- 1.4 Prefixes for Binary Multiples
- 1.5 Instruction Set Architectures
- 1.6 The Life Cycle of Computer Architectures
- 1.7 SQUARES: A First Programming Example
- 1.8 Review of Number Systems
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 2. Computer Structures and Data Representations
- 2.1 Computer Structures
- 2.2 Instruction Execution
- 2.3 Classes of Instruction Set Architectures
- 2.4 Migration to 64-Bit Architectures
- 2.5 Itanium Information Units and Data Types
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 3. The Program Assembler and Debugger
- 3.1 Programming Environments
- 3.2 Program Development Steps
- 3.3 Comparing Variants of a Source File
- 3.4 Assembler Statement Types
- 3.5 The Functions of a Symbolic Assembler
- 3.6 The Assembly Process
- 3.7 The Linking Process
- 3.8 The Program Debugger
- 3.9 Conventions for Writing Programs
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 4. Itanium Instruction Formats and Addressing
- 4.1 Overview of Itanium Instruction Formats
- 4.2 Integer Arithmetic Instructions
- 4.3 Bit Encoding for Itanium Instructions
- 4.4 HEXNUM: Using Arithmetic Instructions
- 4.5 Data Access Instructions
- 4.6 Other ALU Instructions
- 4.7 DOTPROD: Using Data Access Instructions
- 4.8 Itanium Addressing Modes
- 4.9 Addressing in Other Architectures
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 5. Comparison, Branches, and Predication
- 5.1 Hardware Basis for Control of Flow
- 5.2 Integer Compare Instructions
- 5.3 Program Branching
- 5.4 DOTLOOP: Using a Counted Loop
- 5.5 Stops, Instruction Groups, and Performance
- 5.6 DOTCLOOP: Using the Loop Count Register
- 5.7 Other Structured Programming Constructs
- 5.8 MAXIMUM: Using Conditional Instructions
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 6. Logical Operations, Bit-Shifts, and Bytes
- 6.1 Logical Functions
- 6.2 HEXNUM2: Using Logical Masks
- 6.3 Bit and Field Operations
- 6.4 SCANTEXT: Processing Bytes
- 6.5 Integer Multiplication and Division
- 6.6 DECNUM: Converting an Integer to Decimal Format
- 6.7 Using C for ASCII Input and Output
- 6.8 BACKWARD: Using Byte Manipulations
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 7. Subroutines, Procedures, and Functions
- 7.1 Memory Stacks
- 7.2 DECNUM2: Using Stack Operations
- 7.3 Register Stacks
- 7.4 Program Segmentation
- 7.5 Calling Conventions
- 7.6 DECNUM3 and BOOTH: Making a Function
- 7.7 Integer Quotients and Remainders
- 7.8 RANDOM: A Callable Function
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 8. Floating-Point Operations
- 8.1 Parallels Between Integer and Floating-Point Instructions
- 8.2 Representations of Floating-Point Values
- 8.3 Copying Floating-Point Data
- 8.4 Floating-Point Arithmetic Instructions
- 8.5 HORNER: Evaluating a Polynomial
- 8.6 Predication Based on Floating-Point Values
- 8.7 Integer Operations in Floating-Point Execution Units
- 8.8 Approximations for Reciprocals and Square Roots
- 8.9 APPROXPI: Using Floating-Point Instructions
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 9. Input and Output of Text
- 9.1 File Systems
- 9.2 Keyboard and Display IO
- 9.3 SCANTERM: Using C Standard IO
- 9.4 SORTSTR: Sorting Strings
- 9.5 Text File IO
- 9.6 SCANFILE: Input and Output with Files
- 9.7 SORTINT: Sorting Integers from a File
- 9.8 Binary Files
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 10. Performance Considerations
- 10.1 Processor-Level Parallelism
- 10.2 Instruction-Level Parallelism
- 10.3 Explicit Parallelism in the Itanium Processors
- 10.4 Software-Pipelined Loops
- 10.5 Modulo Scheduling a Loop
- 10.6 Program Optimization Factors
- 10.7 Fibonacci Numbers
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 11. Looking at Output from Compilers
- 11.1 Compilers for RISC-like Systems
- 11.2 Compiling a Simple Program
- 11.3 Optimizing a Simple Program
- 11.4 Inline Optimizations
- 11.5 Profile-Guided or Other Optimizations
- 11.6 Debugging Optimized Programs
- 11.7 Recursion for Fibonacci Numbers Revisited
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 12. Parallel Operations
- 12.1 Classification of Computing Systems
- 12.2 Integer Parallel Operations
- 12.3 Applications to Integer Multiplication
- 12.4 Opportunities and Challenges
- 12.5 Floating-Point Parallel Operations
- 12.6 Semaphore Support for Parallel Processes
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Chapter 13. Variations Among Implementations
- 13.1 Why Implementations Change
- 13.2 How Implementations Change
- 13.3 The Original Itanium Processor
- 13.4 A Major Role for Software
- 13.5 IA -32 Instruction Set Mode
- 13.6 Determining Extensions and Implementation Version
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Appendix A. Command-Line Environments
- Logging in
- Logging out
- Security
- Text editing
- Uploading files
- Learning about commands
- Learning about your environment
- Inspecting an HP-UX or Linux file
- References
- Exercises
- Appendix B. Suggested System Resources
- B.1 System Hardware
- B.2 System Software
- B.3 Desktop Client Access Software
- References
- Appendix C. Itanium Instruction Set
- References
- Appendix D. Itanium Registers and Their Uses
- D.1 Instruction Pointer
- D.2 General Registers and NaT Bits
- D.3 Predicate Registers
- D.4 Branch Registers
- D.5 Floating-Point Registers
- D.6 Application Registers
- D.7 State Management Registers
- D.8 System Information Registers
- D.9 System Control Registers
- References
- Appendix E. Conditional Assembly and Macros (GCC Assembler)
- E.1 Interference from Explicit Stops
- E.2 Repeat Blocks
- E.3 Conditional Assembly
- E.4 Macro Processing
- E.5 Using Labels with Macros
- E.6 Recursive Macros
- E.7 Object File Sections
- E.8 MONEY: A Macro Illustrating Sections
- Summary
- References
- Exercises
- Appendix F. Inline Assembly
- F.1 HP-UX C Compilers
- F.2 GCC Compiler for Linux
- F.3 Intel Compilers for Linux
- References
- Bibliography
- Answers and Hints for Selected Exercises
- Chapter 1
- Chapter 2
- Chapter 3
- Chapter 4
- Chapter 5
- Chapter 6
- Chapter 7
- Chapter 8
- Chapter 9
- Chapter 10
- Chapter 11
- Chapter 12
- Chapter 13
- Appendix E
- About the Authors
ItaniumR Architecture for Programmers. Understanding 64-Bit Processors and EPIC Principles
ISBN: N/A
EAN: N/A
EAN: N/A
Year: 2003
Pages: 223
Pages: 223
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