FreeBSD 6 Unleashed

ISBN: 0672328755
EAN: 2147483647

Year: 2006
Pages: 355

Authors: Brian Tiemann

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FreeBSD6 Unleashed
Table of Contents
Copyright
About the Author
Acknowledgments
We Want to Hear from You
Reader Services
Introduction
Part I: Introduction to FreeBSD
Chapter 1. What Is FreeBSD?
Why Use FreeBSD?
What Can You Do with FreeBSD?
FreeBSD: It s Not Just for Servers Anymore
A Brief History of FreeBSD and UNIX
The Design Philosophy of UNIX
How FreeBSD Compares to Other Operating Systems
Beastie, the FreeBSD Mascot
Chapter 2. Installing FreeBSD
Checking Your Hardware
Creating Installation Floppies
Booting into the Install Program
Navigating the Sysinstall Program
Creating Partitions and Assigning Mount Points
Selecting a Canned Distribution Set
Choosing the Installation Media
Post-installation Configuration and Customization
Exiting the Sysinstall Program and Rebooting the System
Booting FreeBSD for the First Time
Setting Up the X Window System (X11)
Shutting Down FreeBSD
Chapter 3. Advanced Installation Tasks
Backing Up an Existing Windows or Linux Filesystem
Nondestructive Hard Disk Partitioning with FIPS
Working with FIPS
Potential Problems with and Limitations of Dual-Boot Systems
The FreeBSD Boot Manager
Alternative Installation Methods
Part II: FreeBSD on the Desktop
Chapter 4. Booting and Shutting Down FreeBSD
The FreeBSD Startup Process
Logging In to FreeBSD
Logging Out of FreeBSD
Shutting Down the FreeBSD System
Chapter 5. Working with the X Window System
Introduction to X11
The X Server
Window Managers
KDE and GNOME
Working with Window Managers
The Window Maker Window Manager
Chapter 6. Working with Applications
Running GUI and CLI Applications
Working with Text
Office Applications
Creating and Editing Images with GIMP
Audio Applications
Networking Applications
Working with Java Applications
Chapter 7. Advanced X11 Configuration
Configuring X11 with the xorgconfig Script
Understanding the xorg.conf File
Testing the X11 Setup
Your Personal .xinitrc File
Working with Fonts
Using Remote X11 Clients
Using the XDM Graphical Login Manager
Part III: FreeBSD on the Command Line
Chapter 8. Working with the Shell
Introducing the Shell
Choosing a Shell for FreeBSD
Changing Your Shell
Getting Help in the Shell
Basic Shell File Manipulation
Text-Related Commands
Pipes and InputOutput Redirection
Command Completion and History Editing
Chapter 9. Customizing the Shell
Adding Shells to the System and Making Them Available
Using Alternative Shells
Shell Initialization Files
Customizing Your Shell Environment
Shell and Environment Variables
Chapter 10. Shell Programming
Why Shell Programming Matters to You
A Simple Shell Program
Variables
Interacting with the User
Arithmetic in Shell Programs
Loops
Conditional Statements
Exit Status
Functions
Filehandles
Debugging Shell Scripts
Advanced Features of Korn Shell Scripting
Chapter 11. Introduction to Perl Programming
Perl in FreeBSD
Fundamentals of Perl Scripting
A Simple Perl Script
Advanced Perl Techniques
Useful Perl Resources
Part IV: System Administration
Chapter 12. The FreeBSD Filesystem
The FreeBSD Directory Structure
Monitoring Filesystem Usage
Mounting and Unmounting FreeBSD Filesystems
Mounting and Unmounting Filesystems from Other Operating Systems
Mounting and Unmounting CD-ROM and Floppy-Based Filesystems
Understanding the etcfstab File
Checking and Repairing Filesystems with fsck
Setting and Enforcing Disk Usage Quotas
Blocks, Files, and Inodes
Chapter 13. Users, Groups, and Permissions
Introduction to Users and Groups
Why Use Groups?
File Ownership
File and Directory Permissions
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Adding and Removing Users
User Management Using NIS
Chapter 14. System Configuration and Startup Scripts
Understanding the FreeBSD Startup Process
Resource Configuration Scripts
The inetd Daemon and the inetd.conf Configuration File
The System Logger (syslogd) and the syslog.conf File
Notes on the etcrc.local File
Chapter 15. Performance Monitoring, Process Control, and Job Automation
Performance Monitoring with top
Process Monitoring with ps
Terminating Misbehaving Processes
Making Processes Nice
Automating Processes with the cron Scheduler Daemon
Creating Jobs to Run One Scheduled Time with the at Command
Controlling Access to the cron and at Commands
Using the Periodic Task Scheduler
Chapter 16. Installing Additional Software
Introduction to Packages
Installing Packages
Removing and Updating Packages
Introduction to Ports
Installing and Removing Ports
Updating and Maintaining Your Ports
Upgrading a Port
Fresh Ports
Chapter 17. Printing
How lpd, the Print Spooler, and the Print Queue Function in FreeBSD
Kernel, Device, and Communications Mode Configuration
Creating the Spool Directory and Setting Its Permissions
Setting Up Text and Conversion Filters
Configuring etcprintcap to Control Print System Functions
Enabling lpd for Command-Line Printing
Basic Command-Line Printing
Printing from X11 Applications
Using the lpq Command to Check the Status of Print Jobs
Removing Jobs from the Queue with the lprm Command
Controlling Printers
Basic Network Printing
Next-Generation Printing with CUPS
Troubleshooting
Chapter 18. Kernel Configuration
The Role of the Kernel
Kernel Modules
Why Configure a Custom Kernel?
The Kernel Configuration Files
Creating a Custom Kernel Configuration File
Compiling and Installing the Custom Kernel
Adding Device Nodes to the dev Directory
Recovering When Something Goes Wrong
Chapter 19. Keeping Up to Date with FreeBSD
Tracking the FreeBSD Sources
Upgrading with make world
Things to Consider Before Choosing a make world Upgrade
Premake world Tasks
Rebuilding Your System from Sources
Using mergemaster to Check for Changed Configuration Files
Rebooting After the Upgrade
Chapter 20. Adding Hard Disk Storage
IDEATA Access Modes
SCSI Disks
Understanding Hard Disk Geometry
Partitioning a Hard Disk
Creating the Disk Labels
Making the Filesystem Available for Use
Enhancing Disk Performance Using RAID and Vinum
Chapter 21. FreeBSD Survival Guide
Migrating to FreeBSD
Do s and Don ts (Common Gotchas)
Performance Tuning
Preparing for the Worst: Backups and Mirrors
Part V: FreeBSD Networking
Chapter 22. Principles of TCPIP Networking
Introduction to Networking
Network Topologies
Network Components
Wireless Routers
Network Protocols
IP Addresses
Routing
Hostnames and Domain Names
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Automatic IP Addressing
Chapter 23. Configuring Basic Networking Services
Configuring the Network Card
Configuring Network Settings with Sysinstall
Configuring Network Settings Without Sysinstall
Creating IP Aliases
Mapping Names to IP Addresses with the etchosts File
Testing Network Connectivity with ping
Configuring DNS with the etcresolv.conf File
A Look at Other Network Configuration Files
Chapter 24. Networking with PPP and 802.11
Dialing Up with PPP
PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Troubleshooting PPP
Connecting to a Wireless (802.11) Network
Chapter 25. Configuring Email Services
Introduction to SMTP
Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs) and Mail User Agents (MUAs)
Configuring Basic Email Services with Sendmail
Understanding Relaying
Introduction to POP3
Configuring a POP3 Server with Qpopper
Configuring an IMAP Server with IMAP-UW
Email for Standalone Workstations
Filtering Junk Mail with Procmail and SpamAssassin
A Look at Some Sendmail Replacements
Chapter 26. Configuring a Web Server
Introduction to the HTTP Protocol
Obtaining and Installing Apache
Apache File Layout
Configuring Apache
Starting and Stopping the HTTP Daemon
Basic Access Control with Apache
Virtual Hosting
Introduction to Apache Modules
Server-Side Includes
Introduction to CGI
Chapter 27. Configuring an FTP Server
Introduction to the File Transfer Protocol
File Layouts of Authenticated and Anonymous FTP
Configuring the FTP Server
Controlling FTP Access
Allowing Anonymous FTP Access
Virtual Hosting
Using Alternative FTP Servers
Chapter 28. Configuring an Internet Gateway
The Basics of Routers and Network Address Translation (NAT)
Configuring a NAT Gateway in FreeBSD
Enabling NAT for Systems Without Static IP Addresses
Configuring Clients to Use the New Gateway
Configuring a Wireless Internet Access Point
Routing Between Three or More Networks
Dynamic Routing
Chapter 29. Configuring a Database Server
Introduction to Database Design and Administration
SQL: Structured Query Language
Using the MySQL and PostgreSQL Open-Source Databases
Constructing a Database System
Writing Administration Scripts
Connecting a Database to the Web
Using PHP to Provide Database-Driven Content to Web Pages
Optimizing Database Performance
Performing Database System Backups
Chapter 30. Network Security
Choosing a Security Model Based on Your Security Risks
Security Models
The Security Risks You Face
Password Policies
Avoiding Problems with Clear-Text Services
Securing Terminal Traffic (SSH)
Securing Email Services (POP3 and IMAP)
Securing FTP
Securing Apache
System Security Profiles and Kernel Security (Securelevels)
Using a Firewall
Preventing Intrusions and Compromises
Denial of Service (DOS) Attacks
Physical Security
Other Security Resources
Chapter 31. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
What Is a VPN?
VPN Topologies
VPN Services in FreeBSD: IPSec
FreeBSD as a VPN Server
Chapter 32. The Domain Name Server
Introduction to DNS Structure, Functions, and Software
Enabling the Name Server Daemon
Running BIND in a Sandbox
Working with the BIND Configuration File (named.conf)
Creating a Zone File
Configuring a Caching Name Server
Chapter 33. The Network Filesystem (NFS)
Introduction to NFS
Configuring an NFS Server
Configuring an NFS Client
Auto-Mount Daemon (amd)
Chapter 34. File and Print Sharing with Microsoft Windows
SMBCIFS and Samba
Installing and Configuring Samba
Other Samba Components
Accessing Shared Files on a Windows System (the smbfs Filesystem)
Chapter 35. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
How DHCP Works
Enabling DHCP
The dhclient Program
Running a DHCP Server
Part VI: Appendixes
Appendix A. Command Reference and Configuration File Reference
Command Options
File- and Directory-Manipulation Commands
User and Permissions Management Commands
Common Shell Commands
System Utilities and Maintenance-Related Commands
Printer-Related Commands
Software Installation and Removal Commands
Common Configuration Files
Appendix B. Hardware Compatibility Lists
System Requirements
Supported Hardware
Video Cards Supported by X11
Appendix C. Troubleshooting Installation and Boot Problems
Installation Problems
Boot Problems and Other Non-installation Problems
Appendix D. Sources for More Information
FreeBSD-Specific Resources
Other BSD-Related Resources
Other Internet Resources
Index
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