Review and Test Yourself


The following sections provide you with the opportunity to review what you learned in this chapter and to test yourself.

The Facts

For the exam, don't forget these important concepts:

  • ping is a command-line utility designed to test connectivity between systems on a TCP/IP-based network.

  • ping the IP address of your local loopback, using the command ping 127.0.0.1. If this command is successful, you know that the TCP/IP protocol suite is installed correctly on your system and functioning.

  • If you cannot ping other devices on your local network and you were able to ping your local NIC, you might not be connected to the network correctly, or there might be a cable problem on the computer.

  • Trace route is a TCP/IP utility that is used to track the path a packet takes to reach a remote host and isolate where network problems may be. Trace route functionality can be used on Windows platforms with the TRacert command, and on Linux, UNIX, and Macintosh platforms with the traceroute command.

  • Trace route reports the amount of time it takes to reach each host in the path. It is a useful tool for isolating bottlenecks in a network.

  • arp is the part of the TCP/IP suite whose function is to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.

  • arp operates at the Network layer of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model.

  • netstat is used to view both inbound and outbound TCP/IP network connections.

  • The netstat -r command can be used to display the routing table of the system.

  • nbtstat is used to display protocol and statistical information for NetBIOS over TCP/IP connections.

  • The ipconfig command shows the IP configuration information for all NICs installed within a system.

  • The ipconfig/all command is used to display detailed TCP/IP configuration information.

  • The ipconfig /renew command is used to renew DHCP assigned IP address configurations.

  • When looking for client connectivity problems using ipconfig, ensure that the gateway is correctly set.

  • The ifconfig command is the Linux, Mac and UNIX equivalent of the ipconfig command.

  • winipcfg is the Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me equivalent of the ipconfig command.

  • The nslookup command is a TCP/IP diagnostic tool that is used to troubleshoot DNS problems. On Linux, UNIX, and Macintosh systems, you can also use the dig command for the same purpose.

  • Visual indicators such as link lights are often the first sign that something is not functioning correctly.

  • By interpreting the LEDs on network devices, you can isolate and identify a range of connectivity issues.

  • Troubleshooting remote connectivity involves a range of authentication, protocol configuration, and physical connectivity considerations.

  • Most client connectivity issues can be solved by a methodical approach to troubleshooting and using commonly available tools and indicators.

  • Client systems on a network can experience many problems including authentication issues, permission problems, and physical connectivity.

Key Terms

  • tracert

  • ping

  • arp

  • netstat

  • nbtstat

  • ipconfig

  • ifconfig

  • winipcfg

  • nslookup

  • dig

  • POTS

  • DSL

  • Cable

  • Wireless

  • Troubleshooting

  • Protocols

  • Authentication

  • Permissions

Exam Prep Questions

1:

Which of these commands would produce the following output?

 0 Ethernet adapter :         IP Address. . . . . . . . . : 169.254.196.192         Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . : 255.255.0.0         Default Gateway . . . . . . : 1 Ethernet adapter :         IP Address. . . . . . . . . : 0.0.0.0         Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . : 0.0.0.0         Default Gateway . . . . . . : 

  • A. ping

  • B. tracert

  • C. ipconfig /all

  • D. ipconfig

2:

You are working as a network administrator for a small organization. You receive a call from one of the company's remote users complaining that he is unable to log on to the network. You decide that you would like him to try and renew the IP configuration information. Which of the following commands would you ask him to use?

  • A. nbtstat -renew

  • B. nbtstat /renew

  • C. ipconfig -renew

  • D. ipconfig /renew

3:

Which of the following ping switches is used to perform a continuous ping?

  • A. -c

  • B. -t

  • C. -o

  • D. -w

4:

Which of the following commands can be used to show the systems routing table on a Windows Server 2003 system?

  • A. ping -R

  • B. nbtstat -r

  • C. netstat -r

  • D. tracert -R

5:

You are working to provide telephone support for a local ISP. One of the residential users calls you complaining that he is no longer able to access the Internet. Upon further questioning, you determine that he recently moved the computer within his house. Which of the following connectivity problems might you suspect first?

  • A. Protocol configuration

  • B. DNS settings

  • C. Gateway settings

  • D. Physical cabling

6:

When troubleshooting a network connectivity problem, you are able to ping your local loopback, the IP address of your system, and the IP address of another system on your network. However, you cannot ping the default gateway. Which of the following is not a valid reason for this problem?

  • A. The default gateway is not operational.

  • B. The IP address of the default gateway is not configured correctly.

  • C. Routing is disabled on your workstation.

  • D. There is no default gateway present.

7:

Which of the following commands can be used to purge and reload the remote cache name table on a Windows 2000 Server system?

  • A. nbtstat -R

  • B. nbtstat -n

  • C. nbtstat -r

  • D. nbtstat -S

8:

Which utility would produce the following output?

 6 55 ms 27 ms 42 ms so-1-0-0.XL1.VAN1.NET [152.63.137.130] 7 55 ms 41 ms 28 ms 0.so-7-0-0.TL1.VAN1.NET [152.63.138.74] 8 55 ms 55 ms 55 ms 0.so-2-0-0.TL1.SAC1.NET [152.63.8.1] 9 83 ms 55 ms 55 ms 0.so-7-0-0.XL1.SAC1.NET [152.63.53.249] 10 82 ms 41 ms 55 ms POS6-0.BR5.SAC1.NET [152.63.52.225] 11 55 ms 68 ms 55 ms uu-gw.ip.att.net [192.205.32.125] 12 55 ms 68 ms 69 ms tbr2-p013802.ip.att.net [12.122.11.229] 13 96 ms 69 ms 82 ms tbr1-p012801.ip.att.net [12.122.11.225] 14 82 ms 82 ms 69 ms tbr2-p012402.ip.att.net [12.122.11.221] 

  • A. nbtstat -R

  • B. netstat -R

  • C. arp -s

  • D. tracert

9:

You are trying to access a workstation located on another LAN. The LANs are connected via a router. You are able to access other computers on your own LAN. Which of the following would best help you isolate where the failure is located?

  • A. ping the far side of the router

  • B. ping the near side of the router

  • C. tracert to the workstation on the other side of the router

  • D. TRacert to a workstation on your local LAN

10:

Which of the following utilities might you use on a Linux system to troubleshoot a name resolution problem? (Choose two.)

  • A. dig

  • B. arp

  • C. TRaceroute

  • D. ipconfig

Answers to Exam Prep Questions

A1:

The correct answer is D. Without using any switches, the ipconfig command shows the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for available adapters. Answer A is incorrect; ping is used to test the connectivity between devices and does not produce this output. Answer B is incorrect; tracert displays routing information. Answer C is incorrect; the ipconfig /all command shows much more of the IP configuration information than the output listed in the question.

A2:

The correct answer is D. In addition to viewing IP configuration information, ipconfig allows you to release and renew the IP configuration. The correct syntax for renewing IP configuration is ipconfig /renew. Answers A and B are incorrect. The nbtstat command cannot be used to renew the IP configuration from a DHCP server.

A3:

The correct answer is B. The ping command used with the -t switch will send out continuous ping requests. This is used when troubleshooting and the default four pings are not enough. Answer A and C are incorrect. These switches are not valid for pinging on a Windows system. Answer D is incorrect. The -w switch allows you to specify, in milliseconds, the amount of time the system should wait for a reply from the remote host.

A4:

The correct answer is C. The netstat -r command is commonly used by network administrators to show the system's routing table. The route print command can also be used to see the current routing table. Answer A is incorrect; the ping command is used to test network connectivity, not view TCP/IP configuration information. Answer B is incorrect; the nbtstat command displays NetBIOS over TCP/IP-related information. Answer D is incorrect because the tracert command is used to track the path between two devices on the network.

A5:

The correct answer is D. It is not unusual to get support calls after users have attempted to move their systems. When hearing that a system has recently been moved, one of the first places to explore is the physical cabling, verifying that all cables have been securely and correctly attached. Although it might be necessary to confirm settings, such as protocol information, you will likely start with the cabling moving to settings only after verifying correct cabling.

A6:

The correct answer is C. The routing functionality of the workstation is irrelevant in this scenario. All the other answers are valid reasons for the problem.

A7:

The correct answer is A. The nbtstat -R command purges and reloads the remote cache name table. The -n switch displays the local name table, -r provides resolution information, and -S shows the NetBIOS session table.

A8:

The correct answer is D. The output is from the Windows 2000 TRacert command. All the other utilities listed provide different output.

A9:

The correct answer is C. The tracert command is used to trace how far a data packet travels before it cannot go further. By running a tracert to a workstation on the other side, you will be able to tell from the output where the transmission failed. Pinging is not as useful in determining where the failure occurred as its output only identifies whether the packet delivery was successful but does not indicate where the failure occurred. Using the tracert command on a workstation on the local LAN would not help isolate the problem on the far side of the router.

A10:

The correct answers are A and C. The dig command can be used on a Linux server to perform manual DNS lookups. The TRaceroute command can be used to test connectivity between the client and the DNS server. The arp command is used to view the IP address to MAC address resolutions performed by a system. It would not likely be used to troubleshoot a name resolution issue. ipconfig is a command associated with Windows operating systems.



    Network+ Exam Cram 2
    Network+ Exam Cram 2
    ISBN: 078974905X
    EAN: N/A
    Year: 2003
    Pages: 194

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