Index_D

D

Data

attribute

charts for, 191 “196, 276, 459

description of, 117, 155

sample frequency for, 277

short-run control charts for, 289 “291, 294 “295

characterization of, 4

collection of, 50 “51

non-normal , 299

organizing of, 50 “51

plotting on normal probability paper, 372

reorganizing of, 49

summarization techniques for

categorical distributions, 50

characteristics of, 51

frequency distribution, 49, 52

histogram, 52 “54

numerical distributions, 49, 52

overview of, 49 “50

qualitative distributions, 50

quantitative distributions, 49

variable

control charts for, 420

description of, 117, 155, 276

SQC session, 395 “397

% Defective, 440 “453

Defective products, 232

Defects chart, 175 “177

Deming's management principles, 423 “424

Descriptive statistics

measures of central tendency

mean, 65 “66

median, 66 “67

mode, 67

measures of dispersion

description of, 68

mean interpretation using, 68

range, 68 “69

standard deviation, 69 “72

overview of, 65

Design of experiments, 46 “47

Difference control charts

description of, 196 “197

lot plot method, 197 “198

Distance tests, 91 “94

Distribution

bimodal, 371

categorical, 50

chi-square, 431 “432

continuous probability, 411

cumulative frequency, 56

density function of, 411

discrete probability, 411

f, 433 “434

frequency

cumulative, 56

definition of, 49, 52

example of, 53

gamma, 413 “414

gamma, 436

gamma ₂ , 437

mode of, 302

non-normal, 300 “305

normal

area under normal curve, 74, 79, 426 “429

characteristics of, 73 “75

control charts and, relationship between, 113 “114

curvature of, 73 “74

description of, 73

mean of, 73

moment tests for, 94 “97

overview of, 73

standard deviation, 69

standardized values, 75 “78

normal probability function, 370

numerical, 49, 52

Poisson, 412

probability, 78

qualitative, 50

quantitative, 49

skewed

capability sheet for, 463

description of, 300 “301, 303

symmetric, 302 “303

t, 430

Dot plots, 58

DPMO, 440 “453