Cryptography: Theory and Practice:The Data Encryption Standard

Cryptography: Theory and Practice
by Douglas Stinson
CRC Press, CRC Press LLC
ISBN: 0849385210   Pub Date: 03/17/95  

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3.6.3 Other examples of Differential Cryptanalysis

Differential cryptanalysis techniques can be used to attack DES with more than six rounds. An 8-round DES requires 2¹⁴ chosen plaintexts, and 10-, 12-, 14- and 16-round DESs can be broken with 2²⁴, 2³¹, 2³⁹ and 2⁴⁷ chosen plaintexts, respectively. The attacks on more than 10 rounds are probably not practical at this time.

Several substitution-permutation product ciphers other than DES are also susceptible (to varying degrees) to differential cryptanalysis. These cryptosystems include several substitution-premutation cryptosystems that have been proposed in recent years, such as FEAL, REDOC-II, and LOKI.

Table 3.1 Cryptanalysis of 6-round DES

pair	right pair?	plaintext	ciphertext
1	**	86FA1C2B1F51D3BE C6F21C2B1B51D3BE	1E23ED7F2F553971 296DE2B687AC6340
2	**	EDC439EC935E1ACD ADCC39EC975E1ACD	0F847EFE90466588 93E84839F374440B
3	**	9468A0BE00166155 D460A0BE04166155	3D6A906A6566D0BF 3BC3B236398379E1
4	**	D4FF2B18A5A8AAC8 94F72B18A1A8AAC8	26B14738C2556BA4 15753FDE86575A8F
5		09D0F2CF277AF54F 49D8F2CF237AF54F	15751F4F11308114 6046A7C863F066AF
6		CBC7157240D415DF 8BCF157244D415DF	7FCDC300FB9698E5 522185DD7E47D43A
7		0D4A1E84890981C1 4D421E848D0981C1	E7C0B01E32557558 912C6341A69DF295
8	**	6CE6B2A9B8194835 2CEEB2A9BC194835	75D52E028A5C48A3 6C88603B48E5A8CE
9	**	799F63C3C9322C1A 399763C3CD322C1A	A6DA322B8F2444B5 6634AA9DF18307F4
10	**	1B36645E381EDF48 5B3E645E3C1EDF48	1F91E295D559091B D094FC12C02C17CA
11		85CA13F50B4ADBB9 C5C213F50F4ADBB9	ED108EE7397DDE0A 3F405F4A3E254714
12	**	7963A8EFD15BC4A1 396BA8EFD55BC4A1	8C714399715A33BA C344C73CC97E4AC4
13		7BCFF7BCA455E65E 3BC7F7BCA055E65E	475A2D0459BCCE62 8E94334AEF359EF8
14		0C505CEDB499218C 4C585CEDB099218C	D3C66239E89CC076 9A316E801EE18EB1
15		6C5EA056CDC91A14 2C56A056C9C91A14	BC7EBA159BCA94E6 67DB935C21FF1A8D
16	**	6622A441A0D32415 262AA441A4D32415	35F8616FEBA62883 4313E1925F5B64BC
17		C0333C994AFF1C99 803B3C994EFF1C99	D46A4CF1C0221B11 D22B42DB150E2CE8
18		9E7B2974F00E1A6E DE732974F40E1A6E	172D286D9606E6FE 2217A91F8C427D27
19	**	CF592897BFD70C7E 8F512897BBD70C7E	FB892B59E7DCE7EC C328B765E1CC6653
20		E976CF19124A9FA1 A97ECF19164A9FA1	905BF24188509FA6 9ADDBA0C23DD724F
21	**	5C09696E7363675D 1C01696E7763675D	92D60E5C71801A99 DD90908A4FE8168F
22	**	A8145AB3C1B2C7DE E81C5AB3C5B2C7DE	F68FC9F80564847B 51C041B5711B8132
23		47DF6A0BB1787159 07D76A0BB5787159	52E36C4CA22EA5A2 373EAFD503F68DE4
24	*	7CE65464329B4E6D 3CEE5464369B4E6D	832A9D7032015D9F 85E2CE665571E99C
25	**	421FB6AD95791BA7 0217B6AD91791BA7	D1E730BA1DB565E7 188E61735FA4F3CE
26	**	C58E9A361368FFD6 85869A361768FFD6	795EB9D30CAE6879 26D37AC4867ACC61
27	**	DD86B6C74C8EA4E2 9D8EB6C7488EA4E2	CC3B6915C9A348DF 104C2394555645F0
28	**	43DB9D2F483CA585 03D39D2F4C3CA585	E3E4DA503D1B9396 4EA02C0061332443
29	*	855A309F96FEA5EA C552309F92FEA5EA	85AD6E9E352AFAFA 929D22370ACAB80D
30	*	AB3CA25B02BD18C8 EB34A25B06BD18C8	0F7D768E9203F786 A1313BC26A99D353
31	**	A9F7A6F4A7C00E06 E9FFA6F4A3C00E06	F26B385E6BA057FD 203D8384F8F54D19
32	**	688B9ACD856D1312 28839ACD816D1312	C41D99C107B4EF76 6CC817CA025A7DAC
33	**	76BF0621C03D4CD9 36B70621C43D4CD9	BBE1F95AFC1E052A 561F4801F2EB0C63
34	**	014CF8D1F981B8EE 4144F8D1FD81B8EE	D27091C4314CBFE8 B7976D6A80E3DB61
35	**	487D66EDE0405F8C 087566EDE4405F8C	8136325C0AEB84CE 8C638BC4495B69A0
36	**	DDCA47093A362521 9DC247093E362521	51040CF16B600FAA 7FC75515AC3CAAF9
37	**	45A9D34A3996F6D9 05A1D34A3D96F6D9	F2004B854AE6C46C 546825016B03D193
38	**	295D2FBFB00875EA 69552FBFB40875EA	A309DF027E69C265 4F633FFB95A0C11E
39		964C8B98D590D524 D6448B98D190D524	1FF1D0271D6F6C18 8CF2D8D401EBFC0F
40		60383D2BAF0836BC 20303D2BAB0836BC	10A82D55FC480640 602346173581EF79
41	**	5CF8D539A22A1CAD 1CF0D539A62A1CAD	92685D806FBE8738 17006DAB2D28081C
42		F95167CAB6565609 B95967CAB2565609	C52E2EB27446054E 0C219F686840E57A
43		49F1C83615874122 09F9C83611874122	2680C8ECDF5E51CD 5022A7B69B4E75EF
44	**	ACB2EC1941B03765 ECBAEC1945B03765	D6B593460098DEC5 D3190A0200FC6B9B
45		CCCC129D5CB55EC0 8CC4129D58B55EC0	3AD22B7EF59E0D5E A48C92CBEC17E430
46	**	917FF8E2EE6B78D5 D177F8E2EA6B78D5	EF847E058DB71724 F243F0554A00E4C5
47	**	51DBCF028E96DE00 11D3CF028A96DE00	574897CA1EE73885 9F0FD0A5B2C2B5FD
48	*	2094942E093463CE 609C942E0D3463CE	59F6A018C6A0D820 799FE001432346C0
49	**	50FB0723D7CD1081 10F30723D3CD1081	16AF758395EA3A7D CDCB23392D144BED
50	*	740815A4F6CDCABB 340015A4F2CDCABB	4A84D2ED4D9351AB 5923D04CE94D6111
51	**	EDA46A1AE93735DC ADAC6A1AED3735DC	0B302A51B7E5476A 5F817F0ABC770E75
52	*	08BC39B766B2C128 48B439B762B2C128	DFB5F3F500BC0100 B7B9FED8AC93EBFA
53	**	A74E29BBA98F2312 E74629BBAD8F2312	A2B352B7F922E8DA D6BC4B89CED2DEAC
54	**	D6F50D31EE4E68AB 96FD0D31EA4E68AB	4D464847065C0938 7554D87AEDCE5634
55	*	06191AA594891CF5 46111AA590891CF5	649C1D084F920F9E BE12A10384365E19
56		5EA7EFD557946962 1EAFEFD553946962	15E664293F4D77EE E23396A758DC9CE6
57	**	41FB7704781CC88A 01F377047C1CC88A	8ABD385C441FD6CE 06DE8D55777AB65C
58	**	9689B9123F7C5431 D681B9123B7C5431	E1E63120742099BB 1AF88A2CF6649A4A
59		6F25032B4A309BFE 2F2D032B4E309BFE	48FE50DE774288D7 47950691260D5E10
60	**	D8C4B02D8E8BF1E9 98CCB02D8A8BF1E9	F34D565E6AE85683 A4D2DB548622A8E8
61	**	F663E8CCEE86805B B66BE8CCEA86805B	51BD62C9D5D0F0BB D2ABB03CF9D26C0A
62	**	428B29BFDFA838DB 028329BFDBA838DB	006D62A65761089F 9FD73EF6124B0C11
63	**	04BE2D22D81EDC66 44B62D22DC1EDC66	26D99536D99B5707 94144EBDA0CDEB55
64	**	667B779123A3EF80 2673779127A3EF80	5D09CBF2CE7E5A69 5EFF8BFCA7BAA152
65	**	BC86D401D6572438 FC8ED401D2572438	E05572AAA5F6C377 3C670BC455144F61
66	**	6FE5E9547659E401 2FEDE9547259E401	2C465BF6F52F864C B71D106444F95F31
67	**	27D3BAC6453BE3DE 67DBBAC6413BE3DE	8F160E29000461CD 2A6660F46487F885
68	**	1D864E7642A7023A 5D8E4E7646A7023A	65F91EEBFD8A9C05 84761791B3C36661
69	**	5256CA6894707CBA 125ECA6890707CBA	91527F9349ABCF15 30F28F06A7B0A35A
70	**	C05383B8EFCD2BD7 805B83B8EBCD2BD7	710B6EC61BF63E9C 53AC029D8E0179D5
71		50EB21CA13F9A96E 10E321CA17F9A96E	26D95BA4DE4C85CF 8F01A90F638AFFF6
72	**	60EB1229ACD90EDC 20E31229A8D90EDC	3890EE8567782F96 EE404DF7BE537589
73		8E9A17D17B173B99 CE9217D17F173B99	885C3933627EDEF0 B7ABB6DF5835E962
74		6EC8CD0802C98817 2ECDCD0806C98817	A985ADFB1FEE013C 0428DE024B7E4604
75	**	1E81712FF1145C06 5E89712FF5145C06	417E667A99B3CFA5 5C24AA056EB1ADBA
76	**	DF3C5C13311AEC7C 9F345C13351AEC7C	BF01675096F1C48A 243D99BCE12DB864
77	**	7C34472994127C2D 3C3C472990127C2D	713915DA311A7CF4 E9733D11D787E20B
78	**	37304DABA75EAFB3 77384DABA35EAFB3	EFB5C37FA0238ADF A728F7407AF958B3
79		D03A16E4C2D8B54B 903216E4C6D8B54B	423FC0AC24CEFEDD 047D8595DB4D372E
80	**	8CED882B5D91832E CCE5882B5991832E	0006E2DE3AF5C2B5 00F6AA9ED614001B
81	**	1BB0E6C79EFBEC41 5BB8E6C79AFBEC41	E9AED4363915775A 655BC48F1FFB5165
82		D41B8346DA9E2252 94138346DE9E2252	34F5E0BCC5B042EA 702D2C48CDBE5173
83	*	02A9D0A0A91F6304 42A1D0A0AD1F6304	E2F1C10E59AF07C5 BDEE6AA00F25F840
84	**	841B3E27C8F0A561 C4133E27CCF0A561	2B288E554D712C92 FF8609C9E7301162
85	**	CDF0A8D6EE909185 8DF8A8D6EA909185	5D661834D1C76324 22034D57D21FFB56
86	**	4C31AC854F44EA34 0C39AC854B44EA34	BD016309AEDB9BB1 C72EEDC4FA1D9312
87		DB3FC0703C972930 9B37C07038972930	296ABCFBF01DF991 CA4700686F9F83A2
88		E4B362BFD6A7CFD1 A4BB62BFD2A7CFD1	20FDAF335F25B1DA 008C24D75E14ACBD
89		F234232A0E0A4A28 B23C232A0A0A4A28	90CFD699F2DEC5BD 2918D3DE0C1B689C
90	**	71265345A5874004 312E5345A1874004	3052CE3CE88710AE 38F0FC685DF30564
91	**	3E6364548C857110 7E6B645488857110	0E8581E42C9FEC6F 4DD1751861EC5529
92	*	464FBEDBD78900A7 0647BEDBD38900A7	90F5F9ADEDED627A 2EF4C540425E339B
93	**	373B75F847480BB0 773375F843480BB0	5408B964F8442D16 805287D52599E9F0
94	**	D714E87810DE97AC 971CE87814DE97AC	4EC4D623108FA909 0AA0725CED10D6A3
95		B9B5932EF54B2C60 F9BD932EF14B2C60	4B438B3CCF36DEC9 054C6A337709280D
96	**	2F283C38D2E4E1DD 6F203C38D6E4E1DD	83515FB6DFEA90B8 09BCC4FF38C78C23
97	**	1EB8ADAA43BBD575 5EB0ADAA47BBD575	21A1E04813616E42 D044BA3F25DFD02A
98	**	3164AA5454D9F991 716CAA5450D9F991	9382C6C1883F1038 5CDFED4FF2117DEC
99		D78C1C5C6F2243D2 97841C5C6B2243D2	1CCEB091E030E6A6 4DA2CD67CC449B21
100		BBE212A7D3CE3D14 FBEA12A7D7CE3D14	2917C207B4D93E0D A01D50E5A2B902D8
101	**	104917795E98D0FB 504117795A98D0FB	40916A71385C2803 413FD26EF671F46D
102	**	4DDA114D6EFEEEB4 0DD2114D6AFEEEB4	2E2C65E1D5CBAC31 A16FF03BC0913ED6
103		E0BED7B285BF0A77 A0B6D7B281BF0A77	5D9EFEFF0AD10490 4C6CA1FAC36A8E5B
104	**	0AE1555FA1716214 4AE9555FA5716214	378400BCED39EB81 A1E0C758BD8912C2
105	**	4657C26790FCB354 065FC26794FCB354	588BA079B2E7ED20 DA90827AEED7A41F
106	**	32BD719B0DC1B091 72B5719B09C1B091	F3477C7552BCB05D EFF444449D66BE9E
107	**	0992F8C8C73A9BFE 499AF8C8C33A9BFE	9F3FFD0F158295F6 C138358DCECC8FC7
108		02C3F061A237BBEB 42CBF061A637BBEB	AC28B0307127EA7C 3FF1DAED9E0FCBC5
109	**	80E529E69EDE6827 C0ED29E69ADE6827	1DF1DB7B66BA1AF1 15700151A5804549
110		B55E84630067B8D5 F55684630467B8D5	88321611FF9DA421 90649DTEACF91F9A
111		2749C2EBC603BFF2 6741C2EBC203BFF2	A62B23A7348E2C3A EB760A09C7FF5153
112	**	C4C5E14D4C5D9FF5 84CDE14D485D9FF5	ABC2312FBFD94DF5 D2BB5954E5062D53
113	**	1566BA21F2647E18 556EBA21F6647E18	A247ED988457CB78 5E99F231005F5249
114	**	2D093D426D922F92 6D013D4269922F92	5DF62030B9F23AE9 5D92DA1FA3D07BA1
115		004518468E0C96C3 404D18468A0C96C3	F28D85FF7E84F38F 52541B0443053C57
116	**	437B70A98AE03344 037370A98EE03344	04B3FBF9823B4CF7 14EBEC79DAD3093E
117		2D01F1073D3E375B 6D09F107393E375B	F10B3E1EE356226C 6FF26DA5E3525B62
118	*	66573DD7E0D7F110 265F3DD7E4D7F110	F2F26204C29FE51E 083A4ECE57E429AC
119		0846DB9538155201 484EDB953C155201	F120D0D2AE788057 00CC914A33034782
120		ABB34FC195C820D1 EBBB4FC191C820D1	5F17AE066B50FC81 2858DD63A2FA4B53

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