Use the "Key Terms and Definitions" section of the lab to review terms used in this chapter. Try the "Practice Test" to check your comprehension of the chapter. Tackle the "Lab Exercises" to apply your knowledge. Key Terms and Definitions - Blue Screen of Death ( BSOD )
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Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP error that stops computer operation. Name comes from the white text on a blue background. -
- bootlog.txt
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File created by the Logged startup option in Windows 9x/Me. -
- Cmd
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The Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP command interpreter. -
- command interpreter
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The program used to open a command prompt in Windows and enter commands. Windows 9x/Me use Command.com ; Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP use Cmd . -
- command.com
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The Windows 9x/Me command interpreter. -
- computer virus
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A program that looks benign but carries a (usually harmful ) payload and can spread itself from one system to another. -
- DirectX Diagnostics
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DirectX utility that tests DirectX audio and video performance. -
- .dll files
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Dynamic link library files, loaded by most Windows programs as part of program operation. -
- Dr. Watson
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Windows 98/Me utility handy for capturing details of illegal operations. The Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP version of Dr. Watson is used primarily for capturing errors during application development. -
- free system resources ( FSR )
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Windows 9x/Me measurement of the amount of space left for GDI and User heaps. Low FSR values can cause illegal operations. -
- general protection faults
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Windows 9x/Me software error caused by a program's attempt to use memory set aside for another program. -
- illegal operation
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Windows 9x/Me software error that can be caused by driver or program conflicts, shortages of FSR, and other problems. -
- Last Known Good Configuration
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Startup option for Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP; reverts system to its last working configuration. -
- Logged
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Windows 9x/Me/2000/XP startup option that creates a logfile of all startup events. Very useful for troubleshooting a system that won't start. -
- MSConfig
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The Microsoft System Configuration Utility; a GUI-based way to adjust startup options for Windows 98/Me/XP. -
- ntbtlog.txt
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Bootlog created by Windows 2000/XP when started with the Logged option. -
- print spooler
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Windows feature that sends print jobs to disk and sends them to the printer in order. Runs as a service in Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP. -
- protected-mode drivers
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Drivers that load into XMS memory (above 1MB) in Windows NT 4.0/9x/Me/2000/XP. -
- real-mode drivers
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Drivers that load into conventional or UMB space from Autoexec.bat or Config.sys in Windows 9x. -
- Recovery Console
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Windows 2000/XP repair option. It creates a special command-line environment where system repairs can be performed. -
- Resource Meter
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Windows 9x/Me utility used to track FSR. -
- Safe Mode
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Windows 9x/Me startup option that loads standard drivers only. -
- Safe Mode Command Prompt
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Windows 9x startup option that skips all startup files and displays a command prompt. -
- Safe Mode with Network Support
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Windows 9x/Me startup option that loads standard drivers as well as network drivers. -
- service
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A component of Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP that can be started, stopped , or restarted without restarting Windows. -
- step-by-step startup
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Windows 9x/Me startup option that permits user to skip some startup commands. -
- Stop error
- See [Blue Screen of Death]
- System File Checker ( SFC )
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Windows 98/2000/XP feature that checks system files and can replace corrupt files with the originals from CD. -
- Task Manager
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Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP dialog that enables the user to shut down programs and also offers performance information. -
- Terminate-and-Stay-Resident ( TSR )
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Utilities that load from the Autoexec.bat file in Windows 9x. Should be used only if 32-bit protected mode drivers are not available. -
- Trojan horse
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Similar to a virus but can't replicate itself. -
- uninstall
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The process of removing program files from the system and from the Windows Registry. -
- VGA Mode
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Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP startup option that uses a plain- vanilla VGA driver in place of a card-specific video driver. -
- Windows Protection Error
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A Windows 9x/Me startup problem. -
Practice Test 1: | You are attempting to diagnose a Windows Protection Error problem with a Windows 9x system. Which startup option is most likely to help you discover the cause of the problem? -
Step-by-Step Confirmation -
Safe Mode -
Logged -
Command Prompt Only | 2: | If you need to copy a file from the Windows 2000 CD to a Windows 2000 installation that can't start, which of the following procedures is the correct one to use? -
Boot the system from the Windows 2000 ERD and copy the file. -
Boot the system with another version of Windows and copy the file. -
Boot the system with the Windows 2000 CD and use the Emergency Repair option to copy the file. -
Boot the system with the Windows 2000 CD and use the Recovery Console to copy the file. | 3: | A Windows 9x system is suffering from frequent illegal operations. Which pair of utilities is most likely to help find the cause and suggest a cure? -
Recovery Console and MSConfig -
Resource Meter and Recovery Console -
Dr. Watson and Resource Meter -
DirectX Diagnostics and Computer Management Console | 4: | A Blue Screen of Death error in Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP is most likely to be stored in which of the following logs? -
System log -
Bootlog -
Performance counter log -
Security log | 5: | If you need to shut down a program that's not responding, which key combination should you press to display a list of programs? -
Alt-Tab -
Ctrl-Esc -
Ctrl-Alt-Del -
Ctrl-C | 6: | If you are unable to print to a printer connected to a Windows 2000 system, which of the following procedures will help you restart the print spooler? -
Open the Printer icon in the system tray and minimize it. -
Open the Services dialog. -
Delete the contents of the hidden Spool\Printers folder. -
Restart the system in Safe Mode. | 7: | If Windows 2000 can't start, even in Safe Mode, the problem could be a service or device driver that's not working properly. Which Recovery Console command can you use to prevent the driver or service from loading? -
Disable -
Enable -
Listsvc -
Fixboot | 8: | You discover a particular computer virus on a computer running Windows 2000 and a computer running Windows XP. You successfully remove the virus from both computers. However, the Windows XP computer becomes reinfected a few days later. Which of the following features could cause a computer running Windows XP to be reinfected with a virus? -
Recovery Console -
System Restore -
Computer Management Console -
Windows Firewall | Lab Exercises Required equipment : Working system running at least one version of Windows (NT 4.0/9x/2000/Me/XP) Startup Detective Objective : Use and compare the different startup options used by your version of Windows. -
Start the system and press the Ctrl or F8 keys to display the Windows startup menu. -
Select Safe Mode (Windows 9x/Me) or VGA Mode (Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP). -
If you select Safe Mode, which programs and devices don't work? ______________________________________________________________________ -
______________________________________________________________________ If you select VGA Mode, what resolution and color depth does your system use? __________________________________________________________________ -
Restart the system. -
Repeat step 1, selecting Logged. -
View the bootlog ( bootlog.txt in Windows 9x/Me; ntbtlog.txt in Windows 2000/XP). Match a process startup to completion (success/fail). -
Make a backup copy of the bootlog file to use for comparison to a future bootlog. Command-Line Commander -
Start Windows normally and open a command-prompt session. -
Use Help to look up a list of command-prompt programs. -
Run troubleshooting commands listed in Table 20.6 such as Systeminfo , Tasklist , Ver , Ipconfig , Chkdsk , and ScanDisk ; avoid file deletion/copying/moving commands unless you have backups . Use the /? option with each command to see detailed help. -
Type Exit when done. Recovery Console Commander (Windows 2000 and XP only) -
Start the computer with the Windows CD. -
Select the option to Repair Windows. -
Start the Recovery Console. -
Use Help to list all Recovery Console commands. -
Try troubleshooting commands listed in Table 20.7 such as Listsvc , Type ntbtlog.txt , and Map . Type Exit to restart the system. Answers to Practice Test | | A1: | Answer C (Logged) captures every step of the startup process. Check the end of the file for the driver that stopped your system. | | | A2: | Answer D (use the Recovery Console) can be used to fix any system file. | | | A3: | Answer C (Dr. Watson and Resource Meter) contains the dynamic duo that can help diagnose illegal operations. Dr. Watson captures the details, and Resource Meter warns you of low FSR values. | | | A4: | Answer A (system log) is the best place to check for the details of a Blue Screen of Death error. | | | A5: | Answer C (Ctrl-Alt-Del) is the way to bring up the running tasks . | | | A6: | Answer B (open the Services dialog) is the road to the Print Spooler service. | | | A7: | Answer A (Disable) can be used to prevent a driver or service from loading on the next restart. | | | A8: | Answer B (System Restore) is the Windows XP feature that can reinfect a "disinfected" computerif you revert the system to an earlier restore point. | |