Review and Test Yourself


The following sections provide you with the opportunity to review what you learned in this chapter and to test yourself.

The Facts

For the exam, don't forget these important concepts:

  • RAID 0 uses disk striping over two or more disks but offers no fault tolerance.

  • RAID 1 uses two disks in a mirrored configuration.

  • Disk duplexing is a RAID 1 implementation using separate hard disk controllers.

  • RAID 5 is disk striping with parity, requiring three disks at a minimum.

  • With a full backup, all data is backed up and data can be restored from a single tape set. Full backups do not use the archive bit but clear it after files have been copied to tape.

  • With incremental backups, all data changed since the last full or incremental is backed up. The restore procedure requires several tapes: the latest full backup and all incremental tapes since the last full backup. Incremental uses the archive bit and clears it after a file is saved to disk.

  • With a differential backup, all data changed since the last full backup is backed up. The restore procedure requires the latest full backup tape and the latest differential backup tape. Differential uses the archive bit to determine which files need to be backed up, but does not clear it.

  • You should use an offsite tape rotation scheme to store current copies of backups in a secure offsite location. A commonly used rotation is the Grandfather, Father, Son (GFS) rotation.

  • You should periodically introduce new tapes into the tape rotation and destroy the old tapes.

  • Two key strategies are commonly employed for server fault tolerance: stand-by servers and server clustering.

  • VLANs are used to segment networks.

  • Antivirus software is an essential component in an overall virus prevention strategy.

  • Hot, warm, and cold spares are designed to replace failed system components.

  • Hot, warm, and cold sites are designed to provide alternate locations for network operations in the event of a disaster.

Key Terms

  • RAID

  • Disk mirroring

  • Disk duplexing

  • Disk striping

  • Full backup

  • Incremental backup

  • Differential backup

  • VLANs

  • Antivirus

  • Hot site

  • Cold site

  • Warm site

  • Hot Spare

  • Cold spare

Exam Prep Questions

1:

During your lunch break, you rummage around the company's storage closet and discover two 20GB IDE hard disks and two hard disk controllers. You decide to use the equipment to provide a fault-tolerant solution in one of your company's existing servers. Which of the following fault-tolerant RAID levels could you implement using this equipment. (Choose two answers.)

  • A. RAID 0

  • B. RAID 1

  • C. Disk duplexing

  • D. RAID 5

2:

Which two types of tape backup methods clear the archive bit after the backup has been completed?

  • A. Full

  • B. Differential

  • C. Incremental

  • D. GFS

3:

You come in to work on Thursday morning to find that the server has failed and you need to restore the data from backup. You had finished a full backup on Sunday and incremental backups on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. How many tapes are required to restore the backup?

  • A. 4

  • B. 2

  • C. 3

  • D. 5

4:

In the server room you find a box with five 15GB hard disks. If you were to implement a RAID 5 solution using all five disks, how much storage space would you have for the actual data?

  • A. 75GB

  • B. 60GB

  • C. 30GB

  • D. 45GB

5:

Which of the following RAID levels offers the greatest read and write performance?

  • A. RAID 0

  • B. RAID 1

  • C. Disk duplexing

  • D. RAID 5

  • E. RAID 10

6:

Which of the following recovery sites might require the delivery of computer equipment and an update of all network data?

  • A. Cold site

  • B. Warm site

  • C. Hot site

  • D. None of the above

7:

As part of your network administrative responsibilities, you have completed your monthly backups. As part of backup best practices, where should the tapes be stored?

  • A. In a secure location in the server room

  • B. In a secure onsite location in the building

  • C. In an offsite location

  • D. In a secure offsite location

8:

As network administrator, you have been tasked with designing a disaster recovery plan for your network. Which of the following might you include in a disaster recovery plan?

  • A. RAID 5

  • B. Offsite tape backup

  • C. Mirrored hard disks

  • D. UPS

9:

Which of the following power-related problems is associated with a short-term voltage drop?

  • A. Surge

  • B. Brownout

  • C. Sag

  • D. Spike

10:

As a network administrator, you have been asked to implement a RAID solution that offers high performance. Fault tolerance is not a concern. Which RAID level are you likely to use?

  • A. RAID 0

  • B. RAID 1

  • C. RAID 2

  • D. RAID 5

  • E. RAID 10

Answers to Exam Prep Questions

A1:

The correct answers are B and C. Using the equipment that you found, it would be possible to implement RAID 1, as there are two hard disks for the mirror configuration. You could also implement disk duplexing, as there was an additional hard disk controller. Answer A is incorrect as RAID 0 is not a fault-tolerant RAID level. Answer D is incorrect because RAID 5 requires a minimum of three disks.

A2:

The correct answers are A and C. The archive bit is reset after a full backup and an incremental backup. Answer B is incorrect as the differential backup does not reset the archive bit and answer D is wrong because GFS is a rotation strategy, not a backup method.

A3:

The correct answer is A. Incremental backups save all files and directories that have changed since the last full or incremental backup. To restore, you need the latest full backup and all incremental tapes. In this case, you need four tapes to complete the restore process.

A4:

The correct answer is B. RAID 5 uses distributed parity. The parity information is spread across all disks and requires the equivalent space of a single hard disk. In this example, there are five 15GB disks, giving a total of 75GB of storage. 15GB is required for the parity information, leaving 60GB for saving actual data.

A5:

The correct answer is A. Although not a fault-tolerant RAID level, RAID 0 offers the best performance of any RAID level. Other RAID levels do offer some performance improvements over a single disk; their fault-tolerant considerations inhibit the write operations.

A6:

The correct answer is A. A cold site provides an alternate location but typically not much more. A cold site will often require the delivery of computer equipment and other services.

A7:

The correct answer is D. Although not always done, it is a best practice to store tape backups in a secure offsite location in case of fire or theft. Answer A is incorrect because if the server room is damaged by fire or flood, the tapes and the data on the server can be compromised by the same disaster. Similarly, answer B is incorrect because storing the backups onsite does not eliminate the threat of a single disaster destroying the data on the server and tapes. Answer C is incorrect for security reasons. The offsite tapes must be secured.

A8:

The correct answer is B. Offsite tape storage is part of a disaster recovery plan. The other answers listed are considered fault tolerance measures as they are implemented to ensure data availability.

A9:

The correct answer is C. A sag is a short-term voltage drop. A brownout is also a voltage drop, but it lasts longer than a sag. A surge is an increase in power that lasts a few seconds. A spike is a power increase that lasts a few milliseconds.

A10:

The correct answer is A. RAID 0 offers the highest level of performance but does not offer any fault tolerance. If the performance of RAID 0 is required and so is fault tolerance, RAID 10 is a better choice. RAID 1 offers fault tolerance but no increase in performance.



    Network+ Exam Cram 2
    Network+ Exam Cram 2
    ISBN: 078974905X
    EAN: N/A
    Year: 2003
    Pages: 194

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