Index_S

S

Saab, 296 “297

Sabotage, 212

SAE J1730 standard, 245

Safety margins, 359 “360

Safety regulations, 54

Sales

in annual reports , 671

in balance sheets, 668

in benchmarking, 123

in breakeven analysis, 704 “705

in business assessments, 135

as cause of product failures, 291

costs of, 703

factors affecting , 710

in financial comparison, 131

forecasting, 710

maximizing, 662

as measure in TOC (theory of constraints), 462

promoting, 157

recording, 675

return on sales (ROS), 694

statistical forecasts of, 711

in surveys, 118

in theory of firm, 662

trend in, 487

Sales goals form (forecasting), 710

Salt spray, 289

Salvage value, 687

Sample data approach, 632

Sample difference, 656

Sample space, 622 “623, 632

Sampling, 170, 528

SAVE (Society of American Value Engineers), 556, 593

Savings potential, vs. time, 560

Scale parameter, 625, 641

Scales, 527

Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), benchmarking in, 125 “126

Scatter plots, 484

Scheduling, in project management, 603, 604

Schools and universities, 148

Scraps, 41, 278, 490

Screening methods , 585 “591

Seat belts, 177

Seating arrangements, in meetings, 33

Secondary functions, 557, 575

Secondary manufacturing process, 206

Securities, 671, 681

Security

and business management, 663

as measure of quality cost, 501

Segmentation, 102, 549

Self loops , 538 “539

Seminars, 147

Senior management

as executive customer/supplier partner, 14

in expanded partnering, 23 “24

Sensitivity analysis, 475 “476

Sensors, 216 “219

Sequence resistors, 219

Sequential tests, 314

for binomial distribution, 317 “318

graphical solutions, 318

using exponential distribution, 321 “323

using Weibull and normal distributions in, 323

Sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT), 185

Series reliability block diagrams, 323 “324, 323 “325

Serviceability, 112, 293

Service FMEA, 225

Services

in business assessments, 136

and customer satisfaction, 49 “51

data on, 282

delivery of, 49 “51

hot lines for, 118

and non-price reasons in buying, 114 “116

Servo transformers , 358

Sets, 184, 624 “625

Setup mistakes, 214

Severity rating, 245 “247;

see also occurrence rating

components of, 279

in design FMEA, 246

estimating, 265

and lowering risks, 267, 276

in process FMEA, 247

reducing, 253

Shape parameter, 625, 641, 643

Shareholder's equity, 667, 670 “671

Shareholders, 663

Shewart cycle, 111 “112

Shingo method, 208

Shipbuilding industry, 200

Shipping, as cause of product failures, 291

Shock, 289

Shock spectra, 179

Shoguns, in dealing with projects, 661

Short- term process variation, 4 “5

Should-cost/total-cost models, 17

Signal factors, 393, 431 “432

Signal flow graphs, 535 “536

basic operations on, 538

effects of self loops on, 538 “539

node absorption in, 539

rules of definitions of, 538

Signals, 27

Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, 393

calculating, 404

and loss function, 403 “405

for LTB (larger-the-better) situations, 413

for NTB (nominal-the-best) situations, 413 “415, 431 , 439 “441

for STB (smaller-the-better) situations, 412

in Taguchi approach, 370

Significant factors, effect of, 424

Simulated sampling, 170 “175

Simulation, 169 “170

in DFM/DFA (design for manufacturability/assembly), 199

and DFSS (design for six sigma), 185, 715

in sampling, 170 “175

software for, 169 “170

statistical modeling in, 485

in system and design controls, 266

as tool of quality cost, 485

Simultaneous engineering, 199, 364

Sine plates, 527

Singled station manufacturing, 207

Single-entry bookkeeping, 672

Site inspections, 148

Six sigma, 1;

see also DFSS (design for six sigma)

and benchmarking, 105 “107

equation for, 4

in external manufacturing, 6 “7

in internal manufacturing, 5 “6

philosophy, 1, 5 “7

and product design, 5 “7

and project management, 608

short- vs. long- term process variation, 4 “5

Six Sigma Mechanical Design Tolerancing (book), 5

Skills development, in partnering, 21

Slow assets, 666, 670

Slowness mistakes, 211

SMEs (subject matter experts), 78

Smith, Adam, 661 “662

Social events, 147

Society of American Value Engineers (SAVE), 556, 593

Software, 6, 504 “505

Software FMEA, 225

Solid elements, 176

Solid mechanics, 177

Solutions, in partnering, 19

Solver (Excel), 182

Source inspection, 217

Spare parts use growth curves, 485

Special interest books, 145

Special purpose elements, 176

Specified dimensions, 523

Specified reliability (R _s ), 312, 318

Spherical radius, 522

Spline gages, 527

Spoilage, 36

Sport weld forces, 177

Springs, 176

SQM (strategic quality management), 102 “105

Squared deviations, 91 “93

SS (sum of squares), 415 “416

SSO (strategic standardization organization), 77

Stainless steel , 531

Standard's optimal inventory cycle, 707

Standard and Poor's, 145, 696 “697

Standard cost, 478, 704

Standard deviation, 4 “5, 91 “93

Standard normal distribution, 647

Standards, 45

hierarchy of, 525

lack of, 211

Startup costs, 74

Startup losses, 278

State corporate filings, 147

Statement of changes, 669

Statement of condition. see balance sheets

Statement of financial position. see balance sheets

State variables , 183 “185

Static process, vs. dynamic process, 1 “2

Stationary hook hopper feeders, 207

Statistical analysis, 699, 711

Statistical modeling, 485

Statistical process control, 133

in monitoring team performance, 33

in process FMEA, 274

Statistical tolerancing, 721

Statistics for Experiments (book), 397

STB (smaller-the-better), 401, 412

Steel industry, 200

Steering wheels, 33

Step-stress testing, 306

Stockholders, 667

Stock markets, 688

Stocks, 670, 696 “698

Stock size , 522

Stoppage, 278

Stoppers, 219

Storage, as cause of product failures, 291

Straight line depreciation, 685 “686

Strain energy distribution, 177

Strain gages, 181

Strategic goals, 19

Strategic Planning Institute, 119

Strategic quality management (SQM), 102 “5

Strategic quality planning, 22, 24

Strategic standardization organization (SSO), 77

Stratification charts , 484

Stress, 176

Stress contours , 177

Structural pressure, 128

Sub-customers, 54

Subject matter experts (SMEs), 78

Suboptimization, 35 “36

Subsidiaries, 667

Substructuring, 179

Subsystem view, 238

Success factors in business, 129 “130

Success testing, 316 “317

Sudden-death testing, 302 “304

Sumerian farmers, 672

Sum of squares (SS), 415 “416

Sum-of-the- years ' digits (SYD), 686

SUMT (sequential unconstrained minimization technique), 185

Sunk cost, 704

Supermarkets, 116 “117

Supervision, as measure of quality cost, 501 “502

Suppliers, 10

and benchmarking, 104

councils/ teams for, 15

evaluating and selecting, 14

involvement in partnering, 15

partnering managers for, 14 “15

in process FMEA, 269

roles in customer/supplier relationship, 13

Supply, factors affecting, 129

Supporting functions, 264

Surface elements, 176

Surface plates, 527

Surplus in capital, 670

Surprise mistakes, 211

Surrogate machinery FMEA, 279, 282

Surveillance equipment, 148

Surveys, 118 “119

Survival function, 642

SYD (sum-of-the-years' digits), 686

System/concept FMEA, 262

System controls, 265 “266

System customers, 229

System design, 371

System failure, 627 “629

System feedback, 31

System FMEA, 224 “225, 262

System initial design review, 466

System/part FMEA, 238

System reliability, 324

System requirements review, 465 “466

Systems, 34 “35

definition of, 34

in management, 35 “37

Systems engineering, 34

definition of, 37

design synthesis in, 38 “39

pre-feasibility analysis in, 38

requirement analysis in, 38

trade-off analysis in, 39

verification in, 39 “40

System view, 238