References

Anderson, T.W. (1984), An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis , Second Edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Beal, S.L. (1989), Sample Size Determination for Confidence Intervals on the Population Means and on the Difference between Two Population Means, Biometrics , 45, 969 ˆ’ 977.

Blackwelder, W.C. (1982), ˜Proving the Null Hypothesis in Clinical Trials, Controlled Clinical Trials , 3, 345 ˆ’ 353.

Cantor, A. B. (1997), Extending SAS Survival Analysis Techniques for Medical Research , Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.

Castelloe, J.M. (2000), Sample Size Computations and Power Analysis with the SAS System, Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth Annual SAS Users Group International Conference , Paper 265-25, Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.

Castelloe, J.M. and O Brien, R.G. (2001), Power and Sample Size Determination for Linear Models, Proceedings of the Twenty- sixth Annual SAS Users Group International Conference , Paper 240-26. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.

Chernick, M.R. and Liu, C.Y. (2002), The Saw-Toothed Behavior of Power Versus Sample Size and Software Solutions: Single Binomial Proportion Using Exact Methods, The American Statistician , 56, 149 ˆ’ 155.

Connor, R.J. (1987), Sample Size for Testing Differences in Proportions for the Paired-Sample Design, Biometrics , 43, 207 ˆ’ 211.

Diegert, C. and Diegert, K.V. (1981), Note on Inversion of Casagrande-Pike-Smith Approximate Sample-Size Formula for Fisher-Irwin Test on 2 X 2 Tables, Biometrics , 37, 595.

Diletti, D., Hauschke, D., and Steinijans, V.W. (1991), Sample Size Determination for Bioequivalence Assessment by Means of Confidence Intervals, International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy and Toxicology , 29, 1 ˆ’ 8.

DiSantostefano, R.L. and Muller, K.E. (1995), A Comparison of Power Approximations for Satterthwaite s Test, Communications in Statistics ” Simulation and Computation , 24 (3), 583 ˆ’ 593.

Fisher, R.A. (1921), On the ˜Probable Error of a Coefficient of Correlation Deduced from a Small Sample, Metron , 1, 3 ˆ’ 32.

Fleiss, J.L., Tytun, A. and Ury, H.K. (1980), A Simple Approximation for Calculating Sample Sizes for Comparing Independent Proportions, Biometrics , 36, 343 ˆ’ 346.

Gatsonis, C. and Sampson, A.R. (1989), Multiple Correlation: Exact Power and Sample Size Calculations, Psychological Bulletin , 106, 516 ˆ’ 524.

Hocking, R.R. (1985), The Analysis of Linear Models , Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.

Johnson, N.L. and Kotz, S. (1970), Distributions in Statistics: Continuous Univariate Distributions ” 1 , New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Johnson, N.L. Kotz, S. and Balakrishnan, N. (1995), Continuous Univariate Distributions, Volume 2 , Second Edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Jones R.M. and Miller, K.S. (1966), On the Multivariate Lognormal Distribution, Journal of Industrial Mathematics , 16, 63 ˆ’ 76.

Lachin, J.M. (1992), Power and Sample Size Evaluation for the McNemar Test with Application to Matched Case-Control Studies, Statistics in Medicine , 11, 1239 ˆ’ 1251.

Lakatos, E. (1988), Sample Sizes Based on the Log-Rank Statistic in Complex Clinical Trials, Biometrics , 44, 229 ˆ’ 241.

Lenth, R.V. (2001), Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination, The American Statistician , 55, 187 ˆ’ 193.

Maxwell, S.E. (2000), Sample Size and Multiple Regression Analysis, Psychological Methods , 5, 434 ˆ’ 458.

Miettinen, O.S. (1968), The Matched Pairs Design in the Case of All-or-None Responses, Biometrics , 339 ˆ’ 352.

Moser, B.K., Stevens, G.R., and Watts, C.L. (1989), The Two-Sample T Test Versus Satterthwaite s Approximate F Test, Communications in Statistics A ” Theory and Methods , 18, 3963 ˆ’ 3975.

Muller, K.E. and Benignus, V.A. (1992), Increasing Scientific Power with Statistical Power, Neurotoxicology and Teratology , 14, 211 ˆ’ 219.

O Brien, R.G. and Muller, K.E. (1993), Unified Power Analysis for t -Tests Through Multivariate Hypotheses, in Applied Analysis of Variance in Behavioral Science , ed. L.K. Edwards, New York: Marcel Dekker, Chapter 8, 297 ˆ’ 344.

Owen, D.B. (1965), A Special Case of a Bivariate Non-Central t -Distribution, Biometrika , 52, 437 ˆ’ 446.

Pagano, M. and Gauvreau, K. (1993), Principles of Biostatistics , Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Inc.

Phillips, K.F. (1990), Power of the Two One-Sided Tests Procedure in Bioequivalence, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics , 18, 137 ˆ’ 144.

Satterthwaite, F.W. (1946), An Approximate Distribution of Estimates of Variance Components, Biometrics Bulletin , 2, 110 ˆ’ 114.

Schork, M. and Williams, G. (1980), Number of Observations Required for the Comparison of Two Correlated Proportions, Communications in Statistics ” Simulation and Computation 9 , 349 ˆ’ 357.

Schuirmann, D.J. (1987), A Comparison of the Two One-Sided Tests Procedure and the Power Approach for Assessing the Equivalence of Average Bioavailability, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics , 15, 657 ˆ’ 680.

Senn, S. (1993), Cross-over Trials in Clinical Research , New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Stuart, A. and Ord, J.K. (1994), Kendall s Advanced Theory of Statistics, Volume 1: Distribution Theory , Sixth Edition, Baltimore: Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd.

Walters, D.E. (1979). In Defence of the Arc Sine Approximation, The Statistician , 28, 219 ˆ’ 232.