Index_U

U

UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) directory, 594

unary operator (+), precedence, 383, 384

underscore (_), wildcard operator, 378, 379–380

Unicode

character sets, converting, 355

data, encrypting, 445–446

described, 46, 47

MS SQL Server 2000, 50

string, converting (UNISTR), 356–357

uninstalling

DB2 UDB 8.1, 666

MS SQL Server 2000, 672–673

Oracle 9i, 646–647, 653

union

join, columns containing NULL values, 302

set theory operations, 781

views example, 120–121

UNIQUE table constraint

described, 88

indexes, dropping, 160

Universal Description, Discovery and Integration directory. See UDDI

UniVerse, 770

University of California, Berkeley, 20

UNIX

ACME sample database, installing, 690–691

standardization, 7

updating. See modifying

uppercase or lowercase, converting string expressions to (UPPER and LOWER), 309, 323–324

UROWID, SQL data types, 73

U.S. Government Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology. See NIST

U.S. National Computer Security Center. See NCSC

user

database communication, limiting, 440

defining

DB2 UDB 8.1, 401

MS SQL Server 2000, 401–403

Oracle 9i, 400

overall, 399

friendliness toward, 5

grouping, 9

information about, 461

security, 399–404

session environment, controlling, 211

synonyms, 122, 123

table creation date and name belonging to, 463

user locks

deadlocks, 233–234

described, 228–229

modes, 229–233

releasing (CLOSE), 502

user oracle, 650–651, 655–656

user sessions

date, retrieving current, 332

described, 207–216

local temporary tables, 82, 84

lock, trying for same resource, 233–234

parameters, setting, 208, 210

privilege, granting, 410–411

user transactions

COMMIT, 218–220

control statements, 734

described, 82, 217–218

distributed, 224

ending, 541

explicit and implicit, 218

isolation levels, 225–228

managing, 561

nested, 220

ROLLBACK, 221–222

rolling changes back to specified point (SAVEPOINT), 222–223

user views

accessible, describing, 458, 460, 461

altering

DB2 UDB 8.1, 163

MS SQL Server 2000, 163

Oracle 9i, 162

based on another view example, 120

creating

DB2 UDB 8.1, 116–118

MS SQL Server 2000, 117–118

Oracle 9i, 114–116

SQL99, 112–113

DDL statements, syntax, 729

different totals, 120

dropping

DB2 UDB 8.1, 164

MS SQL Server 2000, 164

Oracle 9i, 163

FROM clause, 251

indexes, creating, MS SQL Server 2000, 112

INFORMATION_SCHEMA objects, 466–467

joining, 119–120

listing

DB2 UDB 8.1, 467

MS SQL Server 2000, 473

nested tables, 70

OR REPLACE, MS SQL Server 2000, simulating, 119

Oracle data directory, 459–462

records in (COUNT), 340–342

security, 38–39, 435–438

stored procedures, 477–478

with subquery, 121

with UNION example, 120–121

updateable, 469

user-defined functions

creating

DB2 UDB 8.1, 516, 518

PL/SQL, 515, 516–518

Transact-SQL, 516, 519–520

DDL statements, 730

described, 365–366

information, viewing

DB2 UDB 8.1, 467

MS SQL Server 2000, 472

removing, 520

security, 489–490

SQL99, 515

uses and benefits, 488–490

user-defined operators, 392

user-defined types, 72

UTC (Coordinated Universal TIme), 332

utilities

MS SQL Server 2000

CLI, 683–686

Query Analyzer, 686–688

Oracle 9i SQL*Plus

described, 675–679

session parameters, 210–211

worksheet, 679–680

TOAD utility (Quest Software Ltd.), 675