The following typographical conventions are used in this book:
Indicates command-line computer output, code examples, text to type, and paths to Registry keys.
Indicates user-defined elements within constant-width text (such as filenames or command-line parameters). For example, Chapter 8 discusses a file encryption utility, cipher.exe, which has a variety of command-line options. A particular solution might instruct you to type:
cipher /r:filename
the italic portion of the above code, filename, signifies the element you'll need to replace with whatever is applicable to your system or needs. The rest the non-italicized portion should be typed exactly as shown.
Identifies captions, menus, buttons, checkboxes, tabs, keyboard keys, and other interface elements. By bolding interface elements, it makes it easy to distinguish them from the rest of the text. For example, turn on the Force Windows to crash option.
Window/dialog titles and icon captions are typically not bolded, but some objects (such as Control Panel contents) can appear as icons or menu items, and therefore typically appear bolded.
Introduces new terms, indicates web site URLs, and sets apart file and folder names.
Italic is also used to highlight chapter titles and, in some instances, to visually separate the topic of a list.
Are used sparingly in this book, and are typically used to set apart topic headings and emphasize new concepts. Note that if you see quotation marks around something you're supposed to type, you should type the quotation marks as well (unless otherwise specified).
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Occasionally, the following shorthand path notation is used to show you how to reach a given user-interface element or option. The path notation is relative to a well-known location. For example, the following path:
Control Panel Date and Time
Internet Time tab
means "Open the Control Panel, then open Date and Time, and then choose the Internet Time tab."
When keyboard shortcuts are shown, a hyphen (such as Ctrl-Alt-Del) means that the keys must be held down simultaneously.