Summary

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Stacks are used by computer systems to keep track of the execution of individual threads within the system.

Software, such as debuggers and the .NET Framework security system, can examine a stack to determine the set of nested calls that brought the thread to its current state. Each method in the chain is represented by a frame on the stack.

The .NET Framework security system checks that every method on the stack (or more correctly, every assembly) can satisfy the demand being made. This safeguards against the misuse of trusted but poorly written code by untrusted malicious code ( luring attacks).

Stack walk modification operators (such as Assert ) can be used by trusted code to control the stack walk. This is principally used to disable the previously mentioned safeguards (after the trusted code has ascertained that there is no security risk in doing so).

Inlining can alter the layout of a stack (by removing frames ), but the .NET Framework security system ensures that this is done in a way that will never affect the outcome of a security demand.

App domains are a means of isolating several groups of assemblies within a single process. They may be granted identity and permissions in a similar manner to the assemblies they contain, in which case these grant sets are checked during stack walks ( after the frames that executed in the context of that domain).

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