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Label Distribution Protocol (LDP), 582
Label-Switched Paths (LSPs), 382, 383
backup, 585
full, calculating, 584
partial, calculating, 585
Label switching, 560, 562
examples, 562
semantics, 562
uses, 560
Label Switch Router (LSR), 582, 584
Land attack, 315
LAN QoS features, 587–95
100BaseVG/IEEE 802.12, 594–95
Ethernet/IEEE 802.3, 591
FDDI, 594
IEEE 802
service model, 587–91
Token Ring/IEEE 802.5, 591–93
LANs
failures, 425
FDDI, 425
multicast deployment on, 247–49
resilient, 424–30
switches, 42, 54
Token Ring, 425
Large-scale configuration management, 670
Latency, 522
monitoring, 570
round-trip, 566
Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F), 353
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP), 353
Leaf network, 267
Least cost routing, 573
Legal addresses. See IP addresses (official)
Legal security issues, 319
Lempel-Ziv (LZ) compression, 483
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), 59, 125, 126–31
aliases, 130
clients, 126
commercial packages, 131
Data Interchange Format (LDIF), 126
as de facto standard, 127
defined, 126
directory information tree hierarchy, 128
implementations and APIs, 130–31
information model, 128
interaction phases, 126–27
LDAPv2, 127
LDAPv3, 127
naming model, 128–30
referrals, 130
replication, 128
security, 130
servers, 126
standalone, 127
URL, 129
Lightweight Presentation Protocol (LPP), 664
Limited broadcast, 64
Line drivers, 40
Link failure detection, 424
Link Layer Service Access Points (LSAPs), 20
Link Quality Monitoring (LQM), 424
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs), 190, 200
Link-state routing algorithms, 162–65
convergence, 172
defined, 162
distance vector routing vs., 162–65
drawbacks, 163
network hierarchy support, 164
OSPF as, 193
scalability, 263
See also Routing protocols
LLC sublayer, 29
Load balancers
DNS, 507–8
intelligent, 513
IP, 513
nonintelligent, 513
Load Share Network Address Translation (LSNAT), 511–12
Load sharing, 474, 503–12
ARP, 510
distributed algorithms, 505–6
DNS, 507–9
FTP, 509–10
HTTP, 509
intrusive algorithms, 506–7
local algorithms, 504–5
NAT, 511–12
proxies, 454
VRRP with, 514–15
Local load-sharing algorithms, 504–5
Local proxy server algorithms, 503, 504
Logic bombs, 346–47
Loopback address, 77
Loss, quantifying, 402
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