E

ECMA

See also European Computer Manufacturer's Association (ECMA).

Emulator

A specialized application that provides the same features and functionality as the target device. The device on which the emulator runs pasted, the data is normally more capable than the emulated device. For example, emulators commonly enable a developer to test applications designed for use on Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) using the standard PC.

Error Trapping

The additional code required to detect, analyze, repair, report, and overcome errors in an application. An error trapping routine normally locates the precise origin of the error, determines the error type, and defines a course of action for repairing the error when possible. If the application can't recover, the error trapping routine helps the application fail gracefully after reporting the source and cause of the error to the application user .

European Computer Manufacturer's Association (ECMA)

A standards committee originally founded in 1961. ECMA is dedicated to standardizing information and communication systems. For example, they created the ECMAScript standard used for many Web page designs today. You can also find ECMA standards for product safety, security, networks, and storage media.

eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML)

A technique for creating secure Web service data communication. This standard lets developers add specialized XML tags to their code that define the security policy for data communication needs such as a Web service. Many developers view XACML as the next step beyond Security Assertions Markup Language (SAML). In fact, XACML is a high-level protocol that relies on SAML to perform many of the low-level tasks .

eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)

A cross between eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and HyperText Markup Language (HTML) specifically designed for Internet devices such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and cellular telephones, but also usable with desktop machine browsers. Since this language relies on XML, most developers classify it as an XML application builder. The language relies on several standardized namespaces to provide common data type and interface definitions. XHTML creates modules that are interpreted based on a specific platform's requirements. This means that a single document can serve the needs of many display devices.

eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

1. A method used to store information in an organized manner. The storage technique relies on hierarchical organization and uses special statements called tags to separate each storage element. Each tag defines a data attribute and can contain properties that further define each data element. 2. A standardized Web page design language used to incorporate data structuring within standard HTML documents. For example, you could use XML to display database information using something other than forms or tables. It's actually a lightweight version of Standardized Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and is supported by the SGML community. XML also supports tag extensions that allow various parts of a Web-based application to exchange information. For example, once a user makes a choice within a catalog, that information could be added to an order entry form with a minimum of effort on the part of the developer. Since XML is easy to extend, some developers look at it as more of a base specification for other languages, rather than a complete language.

eXtensible Markup Language Remote Procedure Call (XML-RPC)

A technique for passing XML requests to a Web server that mimics the method calling strategy used by older technologies such as Distributed Common Object Model (DCOM) and Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). The client constructs an XML document with the required arguments as nodes in a specialized RPC format and transmits it to the server using a transport such as HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

eXtensible Style Language (XSL)

This term is also listed as eXtensible Stylesheet Language by some sources. XSL is a technology that separates the method of presentation from the actual content of either an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) or HyperText Markup Language (HTML) page. The XSL document contains all of the required formatting information so that the content remains in pure form. This is the second style language submitted to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for consideration. The first specification was for Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). XSL documents use an XML-like format.

eXtensible Style Language Transformation (XSLT)

The language used within the eXtensible Style Language (XSL) to transform the content provided in an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) file into a form for display on screen or printing. An XSL processor combines XML content with the formatting instructions provided by XSLT and outputs a new document or document fragment. XSLT is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard.