Formats by Category

There are six categories of formats in SAS:

Category	Description
BIDI text handling instructs	SAS to write bidirectional data values from data variables
Character	instructs SAS to write character data values from character variables.
Currency Conversion	instructs SAS to convert an amount from one currency to another currency.
DBCS	instructs SAS to handle various Asian languages.
Date and Time	instructs SAS to write data values from variables that represent dates, times, and datetimes.
Hebrew text handling	instructs SAS to write Hebrew data from data variables
Numeric	instructs SAS to write numeric data values from numeric variables.
User -Defined	instructs SAS to write data values by using a format that is created with PROC FORMAT.

Storing user-defined formats is an important consideration if you associate these formats with variables in permanent SAS data sets, especially those shared with other users. For information on creating and storing user-defined formats, see 'The FORMAT Procedure' in Base SAS Procedures Guide .

The following table provides brief descriptions of the SAS formats. For more detailed descriptions, see the dictionary entry for each format.

Table 3.3: Categories and Descriptions of Formats

Category	Format	Description
BIDI text handling	'$LOGVS w . Format' on page 99	Converts character data in left-to-right logical order to visual order
	'$LOGVSR w . Format' on page 99	Converts text in right-to-left logical order to visual order
	'$VSLOG w . Format' on page 111	Converts data in visual order to left-to-right logical order
	'$VSLOGR w . Format' on page 112	Converts text in visual order to right-to-left logical order
Character	'$ASCII w . Format' on page 93	Converts native format character data to ASCII representation
	'$BIDI w . Format' on page 94	Convert a Logical ordered string to a Visually ordered string, and vice versa by reversing the order of Hebrew characters while preserving the order of Latin characters and numbers
	'$BINARY w . Format' on page 94	Converts character data to binary representation
	'$CHAR w . Format' on page 95	Writes standard character data
	'$EBCDIC w . Format' on page 96	Converts native format character data to EBCDIC representation
	'$HEX w . Format' on page 97	Converts character data to hexadecimal representation
	'$MSGCASE w . Format' on page 99	Writes character data in uppercase when the MSGCASE system option is in effect
	'$OCTAL w . Format' on page 100	Converts character data to octal representation
	'$QUOTE w . Format' on page 101	Writes data values that are enclosed in double quotation marks
	'$REVERJ w . Format' on page 103	Writes character data in reverse order and preserves blanks
	'$REVERS w . Format' on page 103	Writes character data in reverse order and left aligns
	'$UCS2B w . Format' on page 104	Writes a SAS value in big endian 16-bit UCS2 Unicode without a byte order mark
	'$UCS2BE w . Format' on page 105	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UCS2L w . Format' on page 105	Writes a SAS value in 16-bit UCS2 Unicode with little-endian byte ordering
	'$UCS2LE w . Format' on page 105	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UCS2X w . Format' on page 105	Writes 16-bit UCS2 Unicode without byte order mark
	'$UCS2XE w . Format' on page 106	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UCS4B w . Format' on page 106	Writes a SAS value in big endian 16-bit UCS4 Unicode without a byte order mark
	'$UCS4BE w . Format' on page 106	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UCS4L w . Format' on page 106	Writes a SAS value in 16-bit UCS4 Unicode with little-endian byte ordering
	' $UCS4LE w . Format' on page 107	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UCS4X w . Format' on page 107	Writes a SAS value in native endian 16-bit UCS4 Unicode without a byte order mark
	'$UCS4XE w . Format' on page 107	Writes data in the encoding of the current SAS session
	'$UESC w . Format' on page 107	Writes a SAS value to Unicode escape representation using native encoding
	'$UESCE w . Format' on page 108	Writes a Unicode Escapes SAS value to SAS session encoding using native encoding
	'$UNCR w . Format' on page 108	Writes a SAS value in National characters, uascii (/ uXXYY), uparen (<uXXYY>) to NCR (Numeric Character Reference)
	'$UNCRE w . Format' on page 108	Writes a SAS value in NCR (Numeric Character Reference) to Native encoding
	'$UPAREN w . Format' on page 108	Writes a SAS value to Unicode format using native encoding
	'$UPARENE w . Format' on page 109	Writes a SAS value to Unicode format using native encoding
	'$UPCASE w . Format' on page 109	Converts character data to uppercase
	'$UTF8X w . Format' on page 110	Writes character data in Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8) encoding
	'$VARYING w . Format' on page 110	Writes character data of varying length
	'$ w . Format' on page 112	Writes standard character data
Currency Conversion	'EURFRATS w . d Format' on page 139	Converts an amount from Austrian schillings to euros
	'EURFRBEF w . d Format' on page 139	Converts an amount from Belgian francs to euros
	'EURFRCHF w . d Format' on page 140	Converts an amount from Swiss francs to euros
	'EURFRCZK w . d Format' on page 140	Converts an amount from Czech koruny to euros
	'EURFRDEM w . d Format' on page 140	Converts an amount from Deutsche marks to euros
	'EURFRDKK w . d Format' on page 140	Converts an amount from Danish kroner to euros
	'EURFRESP w . d Format' on page 140	Converts an amount from Spanish pesetas to euros
	'EURFRFIM w . d Format' on page 141	Converts an amount from Finnish markkaa to euros
	'EURFRFRF w . d Format' on page 141	Converts an amount from French francs to euros
	'EURFRGBP w . d Format' on page 141	Converts an amount from British pounds to euros
	'EURFRGRD w . d Format' on page 141	Converts an amount from Greek drachmas to euros
	'EURFRHUF w . d Format' on page 142	Converts an amount from Hungarian forints to euros
	'EURFRIEP w . d Format' on page 142	Converts an amount from Irish pounds to euros
	'EURFRITL w . d Format' on page 142	Converts an amount from Italian lire to euros
	'EURFRLUF w . d Format' on page 142	Converts an amount from Luxembourg francs to euros
	'EURFRNLG w . d Format' on page 142	Converts an amount from Dutch guilders to euros
	'EURFRNOK w . d Format' on page 143	Converts an amount from Norwegian krone to euros
	'EURFRPLZ w . d Format' on page 143	Converts an amount from Polish zlotys to euros
	'EURFRPTE w . d Format' on page 143	Converts an amount from Portuguese escudos to euros
	'EURFRROL w . d Format' on page 143	Converts an amount from Romanian lei to euros
	'EURFRRUR w . d Format' on page 144	Converts an amount from Russian rubles to euros
	'EURFRSEK w . d Format' on page 144	Converts an amount from Swedish kronor to euros
	'EURFRSIT w . d Format' on page 144	Converts an amount from Slovenian tolars to euros
	'EURFRTRL w . d Format' on page 144	Converts an amount from Turkish liras to euros
	'EURFRYUD w . d Format' on page 144	Converts an amount from Yugoslavian dinars to euros
	'EURTOATS w . d Format' on page 145	Converts an amount in euros to Austrian schillings
	'EURTOBEF w . d Format' on page 145	Converts an amount in euros to Belgian francs
	'EURTOCHF w . d Format' on page 146	Converts an amount in euros to Swiss francs
	'EURTOCZK w . d Format' on page 146	Converts an amount in euros to Czech koruny
	'EURTODEM w . d Format' on page 146	Converts an amount in euros to Deutsche marks
	'EURTODKK w . d Format' on page 146	Converts an amount in euros to Danish kroner
	'EURTOESP w . d Format' on page 146	Converts an amount in euros to Spanish pesetas
	'EURTOFIM w . d Format' on page 147	Converts an amount in euros to Finnish markkaa
	'EURTOFRF w . d Format' on page 147	Converts an amount in euros to French francs
	'EURTOGBP w . d Format' on page 147	Converts an amount in euros to British pounds
	'EURTOGRD w . d Format' on page 147	Converts an amount in euros to Greek drachmas
	'EURTOHUF w . d Format' on page 148	Converts an amount in euros to Hungarian forints
	'EURTOIEP w . d Format' on page 148	Converts an amount in euros to Irish pounds
	'EURTOITL w . d Format' on page 148	Converts an amount in euros to Italian lire
	'EURTOLUF w . d Format' on page 148	Converts an amount in euros to Luxembourg francs
	'EURTONLG w . d Format' on page 148	Converts an amount in euros to Dutch guilders
	'EURTONOK w . d Format' on page 149	Converts an amount in euros to Norwegian krone
	'EURTOPLZ w . d Format' on page 149	Converts an amount in euros to Polish zlotys
	'EURTOPTE w . d Format' on page 149	Converts an amount in euros to Portuguese escudos
	'EURTOROL w . d Format' on page 149	Converts an amount in euros to Romanian lei
	'EURTORUR w . d Format' on page 150	Converts an amount in euros to Russian rubles
	'EURTOSEK w . d Format' on page 150	Converts an amount in euros to Swedish kronor
	'EURTOSIT w . d Format' on page 150	Converts an amount in euros to Slovenian tolars
	'EURTOTRL w . d Format' on page 150	Converts an amount in euros to Turkish liras
	'EURTOYUD w . d Format' on page 150	Converts an amount in euros to Yugoslavian dinars
DBCS	'$KANJI w . Format' on page 98	Adds shift-code data to DBCS data
	'$KANJIX w . Format' on page 99	Removes shift code data from DBCS data
Date and Time	'DATE w . Format' on page 118	Writes date values in the form ddmmmyy or ddmmmyyyy
	'DATEAMPM w . d Format' on page 120	Writes datetime values in the form ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss with AM or PM
	'DATETIME w . d Format' on page 121	Writes datetime values in the form ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss
	'DAY w . Format' on page 123	Writes date values as the day of the month
	'DDMMYY w . Format' on page 124	Writes date values in the form ddmm < yy > yy or dd / mm / < yy > yy , where a forward slash is the separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'DDMMYY xw . Format' on page 125	Writes date values in the form ddmm < yy > yy or dd X mm X< yy > yy , where X represents a specified separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'DOWNAME w . Format' on page 130	Writes date values as the name of the day of the week
	'DTDATE w . Format' on page 130	Expects a datetime value as input and writes date values in the form ddmmmyy or ddmmmyyyy
	'DTMONYY w . Format' on page 132	Writes the date part of a datetime value as the month and year in the form mmmyy or mmmyyyy
	'DTWKDATX w . Format' on page 133	Writes the date part of a date time value as the day of the week and the date in the form day-of-week , dd month-name yy (or yyyy )
	'DTYEAR w . Format' on page 134	Writes the date part of a datetime value as the year in the form yy or yyyy
	'DTYYQC w . Format' on page 135	Writes the date part of a datetime value as the year and the quarter and separates them with a colon (:)
	'EURDFDD w . Format' on page 137	Writes international datevalues in the form dd.mm.yy or dd.mm.yyyy
	'EURDFDE w . Format' on page 137	Writes international date values in the form ddmmmyy or ddmmmyyyy
	'EURDFDN w . Format' on page 138	Writes international date values as the day of the week
	'EURDFDT w . d Format' on page 138	Writes international datetime values in the form ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss or ddmmmyyyy hh:mm:ss.ss
	'EURDFDWN w . Format' on page 138	Writes international date values as the name of the day
	'EURDFMN w . Format' on page 138	Writes international date values as the name of the month
	'EURDFMY w . Format' on page 138	Writes international date values in the form mmmyy or mmmyyyy
	'EURDFWDX w . Format' on page 139	Writes international date values as the name of the month, the day, and the year in the form ddmonth-name yy (or yyyy )
	'EURDFWKX w . Format' on page 139	Writes international date values as the name of the day and date in the form day-of-week , dd month-name yy (or yyyy )
	'HDATE w . Format' on page 153	Writes date values in the form yyyy mmmmm dd where dd is the day-of-the-month, mmmmm represents the month's name in Hebrew, and yyyy is the year
	'HEBDATE w . Format' on page 153	Writes date values according to the Jewish calendar
	'HHMM w . d Format' on page 155	Writes time values as hours and minutes in the form hh:mm
	' HOUR w . d Format' on page 156	Writes time values as hours and decimal fractions of hours
	'JULDAY w . Format' on page 161	Writes date values as the Julian day of the year
	'JULIAN w . Format' on page 162	Writes date values as Julian dates in the form yyddd or yyyyddd
	'MINGUO w . Format' on page 163	Writes date values as Taiwanese dates in the form yyymmdd
	'MMDDYY w . Format' on page 163	Writes date values in the form mmdd < yy > yy or mm / dd / < yy > yy , where a forward slash is the separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'MMDDYY xw . Format' on page 165	Writes date values in the form mmdd < yy > yy or mm X dd X< yy > yy , where X represents a specified separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'MMSS w . d Format' on page 167	Writes time values as the number of minutes and seconds since midnight
	'MMYY w . Format' on page 168	Writes date values in the form mm M< yy > yy , where M is the separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'MMYY xw . Format' on page 169	Writes date values in the form mm < yy > yy or mm X< yy > yy , where X represents a specified separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'MONNAME w . Format' on page 171	Writes date values as the name of the month
	'MONTH w . Format' on page 172	Writes date values as the month of the year
	'MONYY w . Format' on page 173	Writes date values as the month and the year in the form mmmyy or mmmyyyy
	'NENGO w . Format' on page 175	Writes date values as Japanese dates in the form e.yymmdd
	'NLDATE w . Format' on page 176	Converts SAS date values to the locale sensitive date string
	'NLDATEMN w . Format' on page 176	Converts SAS date values to the locale sensitive date string as the day of the month.
	'NLDATEW w . Format' on page 176	Converts SAS date values to the locale sensitive date string as the day of the week and the date
	'NLDATEWN w . Format' on page 176	Converts SAS date values to the locale sensitive date string as the name of the day of the week
	'NLDATM w . Format' on page 176	Converts SAS datetime values to the locale sensitive datetime string
	'NLDATMAP w . Format' on page 177	Converts SAS datetime values to the locale sensitive datetime string with AM or PM
	'NLDATMTM w . Format' on page 177	Converts the time portion of SAS datetime values to the locale sensitive datetime string
	'NLDATMW w . Format' on page 177	Converts SAS date values to the locale sensitive datetime string as the day of the week and the datetime
	'NLTIMAP w . Format' on page 178	Converts SAS time values to the locale sensitive time string with AM or PM
	'NLTIME w . Format' on page 179	Converts SAS time values to the locale sensitive time string
	'PDJULG w . Format' on page 182	Writes packed Julian date values in the hexadecimal format yyyyddd F for IBM
	'PDJULI w . Format' on page 183	Writes packed Julian date values in the hexadecimal format ccyyddd F for IBM
	'QTR w . Format' on page 191	Writes date values as the quarter of the year
	'QTRR w . Format' on page 192	Writes date values as the quarter of the year in Roman numerals
	'TIME w . d Format' on page 210	Writes time values as hours, minutes, and seconds in the form hh:mm:ss.ss
	'TIMEAMPM w . d Format' on page 212	Writes time values as hours, minutes, and seconds in the form hh:mm:ss.ss with AM or PM
	'TOD w.d Format' on page 213	Writes the time portion of datetime values in the form hh:mm:ss.ss
	'WEEKDATE w . Format' on page 217	Writes date values as the day of the week and the date in the form day-of-week , month-name dd , yy (or yyyy )
	'WEEKDATX w . Format' on page 218	Writes date values as the day of the week and date in the form day-of-week , dd month-name yy (or yyyy )
	'WEEKDAY w . Format' on page 220	Writes date values as the day of the week
	'WEEKU w . Format' on page 221	Writes a week number
	'WEEKV w . Format' on page 221	Writes a week number
	'WEEKW w . Format' on page 221	Writes a week number
	'WORDDATE w . Format' on page 221	Writes date values as the name of the month, the day, and the year in the form month-name dd , yyyy
	'WORDDATX w . Format' on page 222	Writes date values as the day, the name of the month, and the year in the form dd month-name yyyy
	'YEAR w . Format' on page 226	Writes date values as the year
	'YYMM w . Format' on page 227	Writes date values in the form < yy > yy M mm , where M is the separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'YYMM xw . Format' on page 228	Writes date values in the form < yy > yymm or < yy > yy X mm , where X represents a specified separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'YYMMDD w . Format' on page 230	Writes date values in the form < yy > yymmdd or < yy > yy - mm - dd , where a dash is the separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'YYMMDD xw . Format' on page 231	Writes date values in the form < yy > yymmdd or < yy > yy X mm X dd , where X represents a specified separator and the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits
	'YYMON w . Format' on page 233	Writes date values in the form yymmm or yyyymmm
	'YYQ w . Format' on page 234	Writes date valuesin the form < yy > yy Q q , where Q is the separator, the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits, and q is the quarter of the year
	'YYQ xw . Format' on page 235	Writes date values in the form < yy > yyq or < yy > yy X q , where X represents a specified separator, the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits, and q is the quarter of the year
	'YYQR w . Format' on page 237	Writes date values in the form < yy > yy Q qr , where Q is the separator, the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits, and qr is the quarter of the year expressed in Roman numerals
	'YYQR xw . Format' on page 238	Writes date values in the form < yy > yy qr or < yy > yy X qr , where X represents a specified separator, the year appears as either 2 or 4 digits, and qr is the quarter of the year expressed in Roman numerals
Hebrew text handling	'$CPTDW w . Format' on page 96	Converts text in Hebrew DOS encoding (cp862) to Windows (cp1255) encoding
	'$CPTWD w . Format' on page 96	Converts text in Windows (cp1255) encoding to Hebrew DOS encoding (cp862)
Numeric	'BEST w . Format' on page 113	SAS chooses the best notation
	'BINARY w . Format' on page 114	Converts numeric values to binary representation
	'COMMA w . d Format' on page 115	Writes numeric values with a comma that separates every three digits and a period that separates the decimal fraction
	'COMMAX w . d Format' on page 116	Writes numeric values with a period that separates every three digits and a comma that separates the decimal fraction
	'D w . s Format' on page 117	Prints variables, possibly with a great range of values, lining up decimal places for values of similar magnitude
	'DOLLAR w . d Format' on page 127	Writes numeric values with a leading dollar sign, a comma that separates every three digits, and a period that separates the decimal fraction
	'DOLLARX w . d Format' on page 128	Writes numeric values with a leading dollar sign, a period that separates every three digits, and a comma that separates the decimal fraction
	'E w . Format' on page 136	Writes numeric values in scientific notation
	'EURO w . d Format' on page 145	Writes numeric values with a leading euro symbol (E), a comma that separates every three digits, and a period that separates the decimal fraction
	'EUROX w . d Format' on page 145	Writes numeric values with a leading euro symbol (E), a period that separates every three digits, and a comma that separates the decimal fraction
	'FLOAT w . d Format' on page 151	Generates a native single-precision, floating-point value by multiplying a number by 10 raised to the d th power
	'FRACT w . Format' on page 152	Converts numeric values to fractions
	'HEX w . Format' on page 153	Converts real binary (floating-point) values to hexadecimal representation
	'IB w . d Format' on page 157	Writes native integer binary (fixed-point) values, including negative values
	'IBR w . d Format' on page 159	Writes integer binary (fixed-point) values in Intel and DEC formats
	'IEEE w . d Format'on page 160	Generates an IEEE floating-point value by multiplying a number by 10 raised to the d th power
	'NEGPAREN w . d Format' on page 174	Writes negative numeric values in parentheses
	'NLMNY w . d Format' on page 177	Returns the locale specific monetary format
	'NLMNYI w . d Format' on page 177	Returns the locale specific monetary format
	'NLNUM w . d Format' on page 178	Returns the locale specific numeric format
	'NLNUMI w . d Format' on page 178	Returns the locale specific numeric format
	'NLPCT w . d Format' on page 178	Returns the locale specific percentage
	'NLPCTI w . d Format' on page 178	Returns the locale specific percentage
	'NUMX w . d Format' on page 179	Writes numeric values with a comma in place of the decimal point
	'OCTAL w . Format' on page 180	Converts numeric values to octal representation
	'PD w . d Format' on page 181	Writes data in packed decimal format
	'PERCENT w . d Format' on page 185	Writes numeric values as percentages
	'PIB w . d Format' on page 186	Writes positive integer binary (fixed-point) values
	'PIBR w . d Format' on page 187	Writes positive integer binary (fixed-point) values in Intel and DEC formats
	'PK w . d Format' on page 189	Writes data in unsigned packed decimal format
	'PVALUE w . d Format' on page 190	Writes p -values
	'RB w . d Format' on page 193	Writes real binary data (floating-point) in real binary format
	'ROMAN w . Format' on page 194	Writes numeric values as Roman numerals
	'S370FF w . d Format' on page 195	Writes native standard numeric data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FIB w . d Format' on page 196	Writes integer binary (fixed-point) values, including negative values, in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FIBU w . d Format' on page 197	Writes unsigned integer binary (fixed-point) values in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FPD w . d Format' on page 199	Writes packed decimal data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FPDU w . d Format' on page 200	Writes unsigned packed decimal data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FPIB w . d Format' on page 201	Writes positive integer binary (fixed-point) values in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FRB w . d Format' on page 203	Writes real binary (floating-point) data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FZD w . d Format' on page 204	Writes zoned decimal data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FZDL w . d Format' on page 205	Writes zoned decimal leading-sign data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FZDS w . d Format' on page 206	Writes zoned decimal separate leading-sign data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FZDT w . d Format' on page 207	Writes zoned decimal separate trailing-sign data in IBM mainframe format
	'S370FZDU w . d Format' on page 208	Writes unsigned zoned decimal data in IBM mainframe format
	'SSN w . Format' on page 209	Writes Social Security numbers
	'VAXRB w . d Format' on page 214	Writes real binary (floating-point) data in VMS format
	' w . d Format' on page 215	Writes standard numeric data one digit per byte
	'WORDF w . Format' on page 224	Writes numeric values as words with fractions that are shown numerically
	'WORDS w . Format' on page 225	Writes numeric values as words
	'YEN w . d Format' on page 227	Writes numeric values with yen signs, commas, and decimal points
	'Z w . d Format' on page 240	Writes standard numeric data with leading 0s
	'ZD w . d Format' on page 241	Writes numeric data in zoned decimal format