Chapter 3: Planning, Implementing, and Maintaining the TCPIP Infrastructure | MCSE Planning and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure: Exam 70-293 Study Guide and DVD Training System

Chapter 3: Planning, Implementing, and Maintaining the TCP/IP Infrastructure

Understanding Windows 2003 Server Network Protocols

You are implementing a network that will include UNIX workstations that will share files and information with the Windows users. What protocols will you need to implement to provide integration with UNIX machines?

IPX/SPX
NetBEUI
TCP/IP
NetBIOS over TCP/IP

You purchased a new desktop computer running Windows XP for your small office and a server running Windows Server 2003. Your old desktop is running Windows 95. It has a network adapter and can access files on another Windows 95 machine. The Windows XP machine has not arrived, but you want to back up the data from the Windows 95 computer to the Windows Server 2003 machine. However, from the Windows Server 2003 computer, you are unable to see the shares on the Windows 95 computer. What should you do to allow the Windows Server 2003 machine to access the Windows 95 machine?

Install NetBEUI on Windows Server 2003 computer.
Install NWLink on the Windows 95 client.
Install TCP/IP on the Windows 95 client.
Ensure the server has a valid IP address and implement a DHCP server on the Windows Server 2003 machine with a valid scope.

Answers

C. UNIX uses TCP/IP by default, and since the TCP/IP suite of protocols is standard across platforms, HTTP and FTP can be used to share information and files.

A, B, D. IPX/SPX is used with NWLink and NetWare servers. NetBEUI is no longer supported on Windows Server 2003. NetBIOS is used for NetBIOS name resolution, which is not required to access UNIX machines. It is possible to implement SAMBA, a service that provides Server Message Block (SMB) and NetBIOS encapsulation over TCP/IP on the UNIX clients, which will enable them to use NetBIOS name resolution and function as NetBIOS clients.

C, D. This solution will provide a means for the TCP/IP client on Windows 95 to obtain a valid IP address and communicate with the server. Windows 95 does not support APIPA features, and it uses NetBEUI to access workgroup computers.

A, B. NetBEUI is not supported on Windows Server 2003. NWLink will not communicate with the Windows Server 2003 machine, unless it also has NWLink installed, which is not the case by default.

Planning an IP Addressing Strategy

3.	You are implementing a test lab that contains three Windows Server 2003 machines, twenty Windows XP Professional machines, and two IP-based printers. You have been given the network address of 155.1.50.0 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224. What is the CIDR notation for your subnet? 155.1.50.0/27 155.1.50.0/5 155.1.50.0/24 155.1.50.0/3
4.	You are given a task to create eight subnets on your LAN, and you have been assigned the address space 172.16.128.0/23. How many hosts will you have and what is the CIDR notation for the new subnet’s address space? 2032 hosts on 172.16.128.0/24 240 hosts on 172.16.128.0/27 496 hosts on 172.16.128.0/26 48 hosts on 172.16.128.0/29
5.	Which of the following addresses is suitable for dividing into at least nine subnets, each with the ability to support 200 hosts per network? 10.1.1.0/24 10.1.1.0/20 10.1.1.0/19 10.1.1.0/22
6.	You are having trouble accessing Microsoft’s Web site. When you ping www.microsoft. com, the request times out. How should you proceed in troubleshooting this problem? Ping the loopback adapter, the IP address of this machine, then the default gateway and determine if your connectivity is valid. If there are no issues, run tracert and identify where the communications stop. Ping the default gateway, the IP address of a remote host other than Microsoft, such as Yahoo, then ping the IP address of this machine and then the loopback adapter. Use Network Monitor to analyze the traffic to www.microsoft.com. Use System Monitor to look at counters on the local machine to determine the error.
7.	You implement a Windows Server 2003 machine that is functioning as a file server on your LAN. The server name is FileServer01. Users attempting to browse the shares on \\FileServer01\ are unable to see any of the shares you created. What is likely the problem? You do not have DNS installed on the LAN. DCHP is unavailable. NetBIOS encapsulation is not enabled on the Windows Server 2003 machine. FileServer01 FTP service is stopped.
8.	A client computer configured as a DCHP client was unable to obtain an address from the DCHP server. Upon investigation, you discovered that the DCHP scope was not activated, so you activated it. The client computer has an APIPA address of 169.254.0.1. What actions are required for the client to obtain an IP address from the DHCP server? Run ipconfig /all from a command prompt. Use Netsh to assign an address to the network adapter. Log off Windows XP and log on again. Take no action.

Answers

3.	A. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.224, which equals 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000, for a total of 27 mask bits. B, C, D. Answer B is 11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000, or 248.0.0.0, which is a supernet containing 134,217,726 hosts per network. C is 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000, or 255.255.255.0. D is 11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000, or 192.0.0.0, which is a supernet containing 536,870,912 hosts per network.
4.	C. You need eight subnets, so you need 3 bits (111 binary = 8). Since the current subnet is using 23 bits, you would add 3 to that for your subnet, which is 26 bits, or /26. The remaining number of bits for hosts is 6. 2⁶– 2 = 62, and you have eight subnets, so 62 * 8 = 496. A, B, D. Answer A is incorrect because it provides only one more subnet. Answers B and D are incorrect because you were instructed to create eight subnets, and these options create more than eight subnets.
5.	B, C. You will need 4 bits to expand your subnet mask to divide the network into at least nine subnets, since 9 = 1001. You need at least 200 hosts per network, so you need at least 8 bits for the host IDs, since 200 = 11001000. If you add 8 + 4 bits, you get a total of 12 bits needed as a minimum to support the required architecture. 32 – 12 = 20, so any CIDR notation with /20 or less can be used to meet these requirements. A, D. These addresses don’t leave enough bits available to meet the requirement for 200 hosts. Answer A leaves 4 bits (4 are needed for the subnet), for 2⁴ –2, or 14 hosts per network. Answer D leaves 6 bits, which is 2⁶ – 2, or 60 hosts per network.
6.	A. The order in which you should ping to troubleshoot your TCP/IP configuration is always from the loopback adapter outward. B, C, D. Answer B is incorrect because the ping tasks were not in the right order to best isolate the problem. Answers C and D are wrong because they don’t take into account the local LAN traffic and its routes.
7.	C. NetBIOS encapsulation is required to browse file shares on Windows Server 2003 machines. A, B, D. DNS is used for host name-to-IP address resolution and is not related to browsing resources. DHCP provides IP addresses and configuration information. Although it could provide a WINS server IP address, it would not necessarily solve this problem. FTP services do not provide browser services.
8.	D. When a DCHP client fails to obtain an address, it will continue to request an address every five minutes, until one is obtained. A, B, C. Ipconfig /all will only display the current configuration. If ipconfig /renew is run, it would initiate the request immediately, although it is not required. Using Netsh to assign an address would defeat the purpose of having a DHCP client. Logging off Windows XP and logging on has no effect on obtaining a DHCP lease.

Planning the Network Topology

9.	Your company is merging with another organization, and you have been tasked with merging the corporate networks. You have determined that the other company has between 50 and 125 hosts on 7 networks. Your company has 25 to 50 hosts on 12 networks. You want the integration to provide room for five percent growth over the next two years. Your routers do not support variable-length subnet masks. You decide to use the private address 192.168.0.0. What is the best subnet mask for your new corporate LAN? 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.192 255.255.224.0
10.	You want to simplify the configuration and management of TCP/IP clients on your network, which consists of 300 Windows XP Professional machines, 12 Windows Server 2003 machines, and 23 printers on four subnets. Which of the following solutions best suits your needs? Implement WINS using APIPA. Provide at least one DNS server for each WINS server. Implement DHCP to provide assigned IP address leases and scope properties that contain the necessary host resolution methods, the IP address of the default gateway, and the DNS servers. Implement AD integrated DNS and WINS and configure WINS to do reverse lookups. Provide thorough documentation for each client to manually configure its IP address with a valid subnet mask and DNS server.
11.	All of the clients on your network are configured to use DHCP for their TCP/IP configuration. You upgrade Internet access to use a T1 line that is connected to a different router than the current router that is being used by the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) connection. What actions are required to allow the executive staff to access the Internet using the new default gateway, by configuring each executive’s machine only one time, while not allowing the other company employees to use the T1? Create a logon script for the Executives Group that uses the route add –d command to add the new router information. Set the script to run every time members of the Executive Group log on. Create a logon script for the Executives Group that uses the route add –p command to add the new router information. Set the script to run once the next time members of the Executive Group log on. Create a new property for the router in the DCHP scope options. Set up reservations for each of the executive’s machines. Run the command route add with the information for the new router on each executive’s machine.
12.	You have integrated a smaller LAN into your network that contains a Novell NetWare server using IPX/SPX. You want to be able to access it from a Windows Server 2003 machine, so you install NWLink. You notice that after you installed NWLink, the Windows XP client machines that connect to Windows Server 2003 are taking longer to connect and read information. What can you do to ensure the best performance for the Windows XP clients? Install NWLink on the Windows XP machines. Install the Novell NetWare Client on the Windows XP machines. Move TCP/IP up in the binding order on the Windows Server 2003 machine. Install the Novel NetWare Client on the Windows Server 2003 machine.
13.	You are network administrator for a new company. Your LAN is connected to the Internet by a single T1 line. You obtain a single public IP address from your ISP. Your firewall services are outsourced to the ISP. The LAN includes five Windows XP Professional computers and one Windows Server 2003 computer named Server01. All Windows XP client computers are configured to use DHCP to obtain their IP configurations. Server01 is configured as a DHCP server and contains two network adapters. You connect one network adapter to the hardware for the ISP connection and connect the other network adapter to the LAN. You want client computers to access the Internet, including browsing the Web and file transfers via FTP. Which of the following configuration tasks must you complete? Install the DNS Server service. Install WINS Services. Install Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS). Assign the public IP address to the external adapter.

Answers

9.	B. You have a maximum total of 1475 hosts (875 + 600) with an approximate growth of 74 each year for two years, for a total of 148 + 1475 = 1623 hosts on 19 networks. Using the private class B address with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 allows you to create 255 networks, each with up to 254 hosts. A, C, D. Answer A is incorrect because it would provide only one network. Answer C is incorrect because the result would give you too few networks. Answer D is incorrect because it would give you too many hosts on too many networks.
10.	B. DHCP is the default option for Windows XP and Windows Server 2003; therefore, if you implemented DHCP, you would need to maintain only the DHCP server. All the clients would automatically obtain the configuration from DHCP. A, C, D. Answer A is incorrect because APIPA is suitable for only small networks. It doesn’t provide a default gateway or support DNS, which is used for host name resolution. WINS is used for NetBIOS name resolution, but requires that the client be configured with the WINS server IP address, which is not part of APIPA. Answer C is incorrect because AD does not assign IP addresses. Answer D is incorrect because it requires manual configuration of every client machine on the network, which is prone to mistakes and not centrally managed.
11.	B. Using the –p switch with the route add command will allow you to persist the route in the routing table. This will provide a manual configuration for the executives that will override the gateway provided by DHCP and thus allow normal DHCP operations. A, C, D. Answer A is incorrect because there is no route add –d command. The command to delete routes is route delete *Destination, where Destination* is the network destination you want to remove from the routing table. Answer C is incorrect because you are updating the scope, so any machine that obtains a DHCP lease from that scope will use that gateway. Defining reservations for the executive machines will simply ensure that they get the same IP address from the scope. Answer D is incorrect because the route would not be persisted, so it would require multiple repetitive configurations to address.
12.	C. By moving the most used protocols up to the top of the stack, you will force that protocol to respond to client requests first and then attempt additional protocols. If the wrong protocol is at the top of the stack, the clients will first attempt to use the protocol that they don’t have, fail, and then try the next protocol in the stack. A, B, D. Answers A and C are incorrect because the Windows XP machines do not need to connect to the Novell NetWare server. Answer D is incorrect since it changes only the security settings and protocols on the Windows Server 2003 machine and does not address the issue with the Windows XP connectivity.
13.	A, C, D. Since you have only one external IP address, you must assign it to the interface that connects you with the ISP. Only one external address is required. It is also necessary to install RRAS to provide a means for NAT for the private IP addresses on the LAN to map to the external IP address, and to route Internet traffic to the ISP. DNS is required for resolving uniform resource locators (URLs). You may have been provided IP addresses for DNS servers by your ISP, which could be used instead of installing your own DNS server, but you would not be able to use DNS for internal host name resolution. B. WINS is used for NetBIOS name resolution and is not required to access the Internet.

Planning Network Traffic Management

14.

Users are complaining about slow network performance. Using Network Monitor, you have identified the source of the excessive traffic is inbound and outbound traffic from your DNS server. How would you identify the source of the excessive DNS traffic?

Using the host IP addresses from Network Monitor, perform a tracert command to each host and determine the time it takes to get to each requested destination.
Use System Monitor to watch performance counters on the DNS server and identify the cause of the slow performance.
Use System Monitor to watch performance counters on the client machines to identify the machine that is using the DNS server heavily.
Ping the DNS server using the –t option from different host machines to identify the subnet that is causing the increase in network traffic.

15.

You are using Network Monitor to analyze traffic on your Windows Server 2003 machine. You have a lot of data that has been captured, but you are looking for specific information. How do you accomplish this?

Define a filter for the captured data.
Open the trace in Notepad and do a global search for the information you are seeking.
Export the data to a .cap file and view the reports in Excel.
Set up the counters for the appropriate data.

Answers

14.

B. Using System Monitor, you can identify the problem areas and zero in on the exact operations in DNS that are causing the traffic.

A, C, D. Using Tracert is incorrect because it provides information only on routing latency and does not address the issue you have identified with the DNS server. System Monitor running on the client machine may provide some insight related to each client, but the source of the network utilization problem has been identified as the DNS server. Ping –t would only serve to increase the network load and would do so continuously.

15.

A. Network Monitor allows you to apply filters to the captured data.

B, C, D. Answers B and C are incorrect because the .cap files are binary and can be viewed only in Network Monitor. Answer D is incorrect because counters are part of System Monitor.