Lab 6.2: Removing and Inserting Memory

The main memory (RAM) on motherboards is usually divided into several banks. The banks are numbered, and the lowest numbered bank is zero (0). Usually, if the lowest-numbered bank is not filled, the computer does not use the memory.

Because each computer has several possible memory insertion configurations, consult the motherboard specifications for memory configurations. In order to function properly, each memory bank must be populated with memory of the same type and speed. Static electricity can damage the memory modules, so it is important that you wear an antistatic wrist strap and use antistatic mats.

Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to:

• Determine the amount of memory

• Remove memory modules

• Install memory modules

Set Up

For this exercise, you will need an operational PC.

Exercise

In this lab, you will determine the amount of memory installed in a computer, remove a bank of memory, determine the amount of memory remaining, and reinstall the bank of memory. There are several ways to view the total RAM installed, but the MEM command works in all versions of Windows.

Determining the Total RAM Present

To determine the total RAM present,

1. Boot the computer and start a Windows DOS session or boot to DOS.

   For a Windows 9x computer, use the following sequence to obtain a DOS prompt:

   Start Programs

   MS-DOS PromptFor a Windows NT computer, use the following sequence to obtain a command prompt:

   Start Programs Command Prompt

   For a Windows 2000 computer, use the following sequence to obtain a command prompt:

   Start Programs Accessories Command Prompt

   For a Windows XP computer, use the following sequence to obtain a command prompt:

   Start All Programs Accessories Command Prompt

2. To determine the total memory installed in your computer, enter the following at the C: prompt:

   C:\>MEM 

   Record the total RAM installed:

   (Because some RAM is utilized for expanded memory and other issues, the reported total RAM may be about 300KB less than the memory module size.)

Removing Memory Modules

To remove memory modules,

1. Shut down the power and unplug all cables from the computer.

   Warning

   Memory modules are very susceptible to ESD (electrostatic discharge). Use ESD precautions, and place the memory modules on an antistatic mat when they are not installed in a computer.

2. Open the case and locate the memory.

3. Remove the memory modules from the highest-numbered populated bank.

   For SIMMs, release the memory module clips by pressing the clips outward with your thumbs. When the memory module is free, lift it from the socket.

   For DIMMs, press down on the module jacks and then lift the memory module. Repeat these steps until the bank is empty.

4. Replace the cover, reconnect all cables, and boot the computer. If all the RAM has been removed, the computer will not boot. If the PC does boot, it should have less available RAM due to the removal of RAM from the higher numbered bank.

5. Use MEM to determine the quantity of memory installed:

   C:\>MEM 

   The memory should now be less than reported in step 2 of the previous section.

Installing Memory Modules

To install memory modules,

1. Shut down the power and unplug all cables from the computer.

   Warning

   Memory modules are very susceptible to ESD. Use ESD precautions, and place the memory modules on an antistatic mat when they are not installed in a computer.

2. Open the case and locate the memory sockets.

3. Install the memory modules in the lowest-numbered, unpopulated memory bank.

   For SIMMs, hold the module at a slight angle and align the notch and pin 1. Gently press down on the module and push it into the lock position.

   For DIMMs, align the module slots with the socket keys and then press the module into the memory slot.

4. Install the rest of the modules in the bank.

5. Replace the cover, reconnect all cables, and boot the computer.

6. Determine the quantity of memory installed:

   C:\>MEM 

   The total RAM reported should show an increase.