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Copyright

All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise , without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2002110536

Printed in the United States of America

First Printing: October 2003

06 05 04 03 4 3 2 1

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Trademarks

All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Que Publishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

Warning and Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied . The information provided is on an as is basis. The author and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the CD or programs accompanying it.

Credits

Associate Publisher

Greg Wiegand

Executive Editor

Rick Kughen

Acquisitions Editor

Rick Kughen

Development Editor

Todd Brakke

Managing Editor

Charlotte Clapp

Project Editor

Andy Beaster

Copy Editor

Bart Reed

Team Coordinator

Sharry Lee Gregory

Indexer

Rebecca Salerno

Proofreader

Eileen Dennie

Technical Editors

Rich Malloy

William Terdoslavich

Software Development Specialist

Dan Scherf

Interior Designer

Anne Jones

Cover Designer

Anne Jones

Layout Technician

Susan Geiselman

Dedication

To Lynn: Your artistry, skill, tenacity, and intelligence still blow me away, even after all these years !

About the Author

Scott Mueller is president of Mueller Technical Research (MTR), an international research and corporate training firm. Since 1982, MTR has produced the industry's most in-depth , accurate, and effective seminars , books, articles, videos , and FAQs covering PC hardware and data recovery. MTR maintains a client list that includes Fortune 500 companies, the U.S. government and foreign governments , major software and hardware corporations, as well as PC enthusiasts and entrepreneurs. Scott's seminars have been presented to several thousands of PC support professionals throughout the world.

Scott personally teaches seminars nationwide covering all aspects of PC hardware (including troubleshooting, maintenance, repair, and upgrade), A+ Certification, and Data Recovery/Forensics. He has a knack for making technical topics not only understandable, but entertaining as well; his classes are never boring! If you have 10 or more people to train, Scott can design and present a custom seminar for your organization.

Although he has taught classes virtually nonstop since 1982, Scott is best known as the author of the longest running, most popular, and most comprehensive PC hardware book in the world, Upgrading and Repairing PCs , which has not only been produced in more than 15 editions, but has also become the core of an entire series of books.

Scott has authored many books over the last 20+ years , including Upgrading and Repairing Laptops ; Upgrading and Repairing PCs (1st through 15th and Academic editions); Upgrading and Repairing PCs: A+ Certification Study Guide (1st and 2nd editions); Upgrading and Repairing PCs: Technician's Portable Reference (1st and 2nd editions); Upgrading and Repairing PCs: Field Guide ; Upgrading and Repairing PCs: Quick Reference ; Upgrading and Repairing PCs, Linux Edition ; Killer PC Utilities ; The IBM PS/2 Handbook ; and Que's Guide to Data Recovery .

Scott has produced several video training packages covering PC hardware, including a new 6- hour , CD-based seminar titled Upgrading and Repairing PCs Training Course: A Digital Seminar from Scott Mueller . This course is ideal for those who cannot afford to bring Scott in-house.

Scott has also produced other videos over the years, including Upgrading and Repairing PCs Video: 12th Edition; Your PC: The Inside Story ; as well as 2 hours of free video training included in each of the 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th editions of Upgrading and Repairing PCs , and Upgrading and Repairing Laptop Computers. Scott has always included unique video segments with his books, rather than using the same clips every year. Many people have collected each of the older editions just to get the unique video training segments included with them.

Contact MTR directly if you have a unique book, article, or video project in mind, or if you want Scott to conduct a custom PC troubleshooting, repair, maintenance, upgrade, or data-recovery seminar tailored for your organization:

Mueller Technical Research
2490 Spring Creek Road
Barrington Hills, IL 60010-9019
847-854-6794
847-854-6795 Fax
Internet: scottmueller@ compuserve .com
Web: http://www.upgradingandrepairingpcs.com
http://www.m-tr.com

Scott's premiere work, Upgrading and Repairing PCs , has sold well over 2 million copies, making it by far the most popular and longest-running PC hardware book on the market today. Scott has been featured in Forbes magazine and has written several articles for Maximum PC magazine, several newsletters, and the Upgrading and Repairing PCs Web site.

If you have suggestions for the next version of this book, any comments about the book in general, or new book or article topics you would like to see covered, send them to Scott via email at scottmueller@compuserve.com or visit www.upgradingandrepairingpcs.com and click the Ask Scott button.

When he is not working on PC- related books or on the road teaching seminars, Scott can usually be found in the garage working on several projects. He is currently working on a custom 1999 Harley-Davidson FLHRCI Road King Classic and a modified 1998 5.9L (360ci) Grand Cherokee ”a hot rod 4x4.