2. Pre-Columbian Explorations by Europeans, 1200-1530

IV. The Early Modern Period, 1500–1800> G. Africa, 1500–1800> 2. Regions> f. Southern Africa

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  The Encyclopedia of World History.  2001.

(See 1497)

f. Southern Africa
1. North of the Limpopo
1500–1700
Expansion of Maravi state system in Chewa-speaking area of the Shire Valley. The state was centered at Manthimba on the southwest side of Lake Malawi. It integrated pre-Maravi inhabitants through ritual and appointments, and expanded, around 1575, by settlement of lineage heads in adjacent territories.	1
1514
By this date, Swahili traders had established bazaars for regional trade in the Mutapa Empire.	2
1531
Swahili traders were ousted from Sena and Tete but remained in Zambezi region as agents for Portuguese.	3
1550
Portuguese began trading along the Zambezi River.	4
1575–1684
Portuguese transformed Swahili bazaars in lower Zambezi into feiras, central areas for Afro-Portuguese commerce, on land granted by local chiefs. The most celebrated feira was Dambarane.	5
1500–1800
NEW CROPS from Europe and Asia and the Americas entered southern Zambezi, including rice, yams, various fruit trees, groundnuts, cowpeas, and maize. New crops contributed to population increase.	6
1600–1700
Chewa-Maravi peoples became most important group in subregion north of Zambezi River; the Portuguese were forced to cooperate with them in the Zambezi Valley.	7
1624
Jesuit missions established along the Zambezi River.	8
1645
Portuguese began to export slaves from Mozambique to Brazil.	9
1677
Two thousand Portuguese colonialists arrived in Mozambique.	10

The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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