- ACID
The acronym for the four properties guaranteed by transactions: atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability.
- activation
The process of associating an enterprise bean object with an instance of an enterprise bean class. For a stateful session bean, activation results in restoring a session object's state from secondary memory.
- actor
A user or another program that interacts with an enterprise bean application.
- application assembler
An individual who combines enterprise beans, and possibly other application components, into larger, deployable application units.
- application client
A first-tier client component that executes in its own JVM. Application clients have access to some J2EE platform APIs (JNDI, JDBC, RMI-IIOP, JMS).
- authentication
Occurring as part of the security process, a step during which a user proves his or her identity to the enterprise network security manager.
- authorization
Occurring as part of the security process, a step during which the target application or database server verifies whether the user has the authority to access the requested application or data.
- bean developer
The programmer who writes the enterprise bean code implementing the business logic and produces enterprise beans.
- bean-managed persistence (BMP)
An approach to managing entity object state persistence whereby the entity bean itself manages the access to the underlying state in a resource manager.
- bean-managed transaction demarcation
An approach to managing transactions whereby the bean developer manages transaction boundaries programmatically from within the application code.
- business entity
A business object representing some information maintained by an enterprise.
- business process
A business object that typically encapsulates an interaction of a user with business entities.
- client-view API
The enterprise bean home interface and enterprise bean component interface.
- collaborative business process
A business process with multiple actors.
- command bean
A JavaBean used by an application to encapsulate a call to another application or a database call. Enterprise applications frequently use this design pattern.
- commit
The point in a transaction when all updates to any resources involved in the transaction are made permanent.
- Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
One of the interfaces for developing Dynamic HTML pages and Web applications.
- Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)
A language-independent, distributed object model specified by the Object Management Group (OMG).
- connection factory
An object that produces connections.
- connector
A standard extension mechanism for containers to provide connectivity to enterprise information systems. A connector is specific to an enterprise information system and consists of a resource adapter and application development tools for enterprise information systems.
- Connector architecture
An architecture for the integration of J2EE products with enterprise information systems. The two parts to this architecture are a resource adapter provided by an enterprise information system vendor and the J2EE product that allows this resource adapter to plug in. This architecture defines a set of contracts that a resource adapter has to support to plug in to a J2EE product for example, transactions, security, and resource management.
- container artifacts
Classes generated by the EJB container provided deployment tools that bind the enterprise beans with the container at runtime. The container artifacts allow the container to interpose on the client calls to the enterprise beans and to inject its services into the application.
- container-managed persistence (CMP)
An approach to managing entity object state persistence whereby the container manages the transfer of data between the entity bean instance and the underlying resource manager.
- container-managed transaction demarcation
An approach to managing transactions whereby the EJB container defines the transaction boundaries by using the transaction attributes provided in the deployment descriptor.
- conversational business process
A business process with a single actor who engages in a conversation with the application. An example of a conversational business process is an application that displays a sequence of forms to the user and validates the data input by the user.
- conversational state
State retained in a session object during the conversation between the client of the application and the application itself. The state consists of the session bean instance fields and the transitive closure of the objects that are reachable from the bean's fields.
- create method
A method defined in the home interface and invoked by a client to create an enterprise bean.
- declarative transaction demarcation
Container-managed transaction demarcation. Also referred to as declarative transactions.
- dependent object
A business entity that is not directly exposed to a multitude of applications. External clients can access dependent objects only through a specific entity bean that uses the dependent object.
- deployer
In the target operational environment, an expert who installs enterprise beans in an EJB container. The deployer may also customize the enterprise beans for the target operational environment.
- Deployment descriptor
An XML document that contains the declarative information about the enterprise bean. The deployment descriptor directs a deployment tool to deploy enterprise beans with specific container options and describes configuration requirements that the deployer must resolve.
- .ear file
An enterprise application archive file that contains a J2EE application.
- EJB container
A programming environment for the development, deployment, and runtime management of enterprise beans.
- EJB container provider
A vendor that provides the EJB container.
- ejb-jar file
A Java archive (JAR) file that contains one or more enterprise beans with their deployment descriptor.
- EJB server
Software that provides services to an EJB container. For example, an EJB container typically relies on a transaction manager that is part of the EJB server to perform the two-phase commit across all participating resource managers. The J2EE architecture assumes that an EJB container is hosted by an EJB server from the same vendor, so it does not specify the contract between these two entities. An EJB server may host one or more EJB containers.
- EJB server provider
A vendor that supplies an EJB server.
- EJB timer service
A container-provided service that allows enterprise beans to register for timer callbacks. Timer callbacks can occur at a specified time, after an elapsed period of time, or at specified intervals.
- enterprise bean
A component that is part of a distributed enterprise application and that implements a business process or business entity. The types of enterprise beans are session beans, entity beans, and message-driven beans.
- enterprise bean class
A Java class that implements the business methods and the enterprise bean object life-cycle methods.
- enterprise bean deployment
The process of installing an enterprise bean in an EJB container.
- enterprise bean home objects
Objects that implement the enterprise bean home interface. The EJB container implements these objects.
- enterprise bean objects
Objects that implement the enterprise bean's component interface. The EJB container implements these objects.
- entity bean
A type of enterprise bean that can be shared by multiple clients and the state of which is maintained in a resource manager. An entity bean can implement a business entity or a business process.
- entity bean home objects
Objects that implement an entity bean's home interface.
- entity object
Objects that implement an entity bean's component interface. These objects are object-oriented representations of real-life business entities and business processes.
- Extensible Markup Language (XML)
A markup language that allows you to define the tags, or markup, needed to identify data and text in XML documents. The deployment descriptors are expressed in XML.
- find method
A method defined in the home interface and invoked by a client to locate an entity bean.
- handle
An object that identifies an enterprise bean. A client may serialize the handle and then later deserialize it to obtain a reference to the enterprise bean.
- home handle
An object that can be used to obtain a reference to the home interface. A home interface can be serialized and written to stable storage and deserialized to obtain the reference.
- home interface
One of two interfaces for an enterprise bean. The home interface defines zero or more methods for creating and removing an enterprise bean. For session beans, the home interface defines create and remove methods, whereas for entity beans, the home interface defines create, find, and remove methods.
- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
A markup language for hypertext documents on the Internet. HTML enables the embedding of images, sounds, video streams, form fields, references to other objects with URLs, and basic text formatting.
- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
The Internet protocol used to fetch hypertext objects from remote hosts. HTTP messages consist of requests from client to server and responses from server to client.
- ISV
Abbreviation for independent software vendor.
- Java™ 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
An environment for developing and deploying enterprise applications. The J2EE platform consists of a set of services, APIs, and protocols that provide functionality for developing multitiered, Web-based applications.
- Java™ 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE)
The core Java technology platform.
- JavaServer Pages™ (JSP)
An extensible Web technology that uses template data, custom elements, scripting languages, and server-side Java objects to return dynamic content to a client. Typically, the template data is an HTML or XML element, and in many cases the client is a Web browser.
- local interface
One of the business interfaces for an enterprise bean. The enterprise bean local interface defines the business methods that can be called by a client colocated on the same JVM as the bean.
- message-driven bean
A type of enterprise bean that supports asynchronous communication.
- method permission
A permission to invoke a specified group of methods of an enterprise bean's home and component interfaces.
- passivation
The process of disassociating an enterprise bean object from an instance of the enterprise bean class. For a stateful session bean, passivation typically results in moving a session object's state to secondary memory.
- persistence
The protocol for making an object's state durable.
- primary key
An object that uniquely identifies an entity bean within a home.
- remote interface
One of the business interfaces for an enterprise bean. The enterprise bean remote interface, which allows for distribution between a client and a bean, defines the business methods that can be called by a client.
- remote method invocation (RMI)
A technology that allows an object running in one JVM to invoke methods on an object running in a different JVM.
- resource manager
Provides access to a set of shared resources. A resource manager participates in a transaction. An example of a resource manager is a relational database management system (RDBMS).
- resource manager connection
An object that represents a session with a resource manager.
- resource manager connection factory
An object used for creating a resource manager connection.
- RMI-IIOP
A version of RMI implemented to use CORBA IIOP. RMI-IIOP provides interoperability with CORBA objects implemented in any language, if all the remote interfaces are originally defined as RMI interfaces.
- rollback
The point in a transaction when all updates to any resources involved in the transaction are reversed.
- Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
A security protocol that provides privacy over the Internet. The protocol allows client/server applications to communicate in a tamper-free way that cannot be eavesdropped. Servers are always authenticated, and clients are optionally authenticated.
- servlet
A Java program that extends the functionality of a Web server. Servlets generate dynamic content and interact with Web clients by using a request/response paradigm.
- session bean
A type of enterprise bean that implements a conversational business process. A session bean may be stateful or stateless.
- session bean home objects
Objects that implement a session bean's home interface.
- session bean objects
Objects that implement a session bean's remote interface.
- stateful session bean
A type of a session bean class that retains state on behalf of its client across multiple method invocations by the client. The state of a session bean is maintained by the container and is not externalized to a resource manager.
- stateless session bean
A type of a session bean class that does not retain any client-specific state between client-invoked methods. All instances of a stateless session bean are identical.
- system administrator
The person who configures and administers the enterprise computing and networking infrastructure, which includes the EJB server and container. The system administrator is also responsible for most security-related administration responsibilities.
- transaction
An atomic unit of work that modifies data. A transaction encloses one or more program statements, all of which either complete or roll back. Transactions enable multiple users to access the same data concurrently.
- transaction attribute
Specified in an enterprise bean's deployment descriptor, a value used by the EJB container to control the transaction scope when the enterprise bean's methods are invoked. A transaction attribute can have the following values: Required, RequiresNew, Supports, NotSupported, Mandatory, and Never.
- transaction manager
Provides the services and management functions required to support transaction demarcation, transactional resource management, synchronization, and transaction context propagation.
- transaction service
The same as the transaction manager.
- .war file
A Web archive file containing the class files for servlets and JSPs.
- Web application
An application built for the Internet with Java technologies, such as JSP and servlets, as well as with non-Java technologies, such as CGI and Perl.
- Web component
A component, such as a servlet or JSP, that provides services in response to HTTP requests.
- Web container
A programming environment for the development, deployment, and runtime management of servlets and JSP.
- Web services
Services offered via the Web. In a typical Web services scenario, a business application sends a request to a service at a given URL using the SOAP protocol over HTTP. The service receives the request, processes it, and may return a response.
|
