Copyright

Copyright 2001 Cisco Press

Cisco Press logo is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc.

Published by:

Cisco Press

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Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review.

Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Number: 2001086613

Warning and Disclaimer

This book is designed to provide information about Cisco IOS Software commands for Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 (BGP-4). Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied .

The information is provided on an "as is" basis. The author, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it.

The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Credits

Publisher

John Wait

Editor-In-Chief

John Kane

Cisco Systems Program Management

Michael Hakkert

Tom Geitner

William Warren

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Patrick Kanouse

Development Editor

Christopher Cleveland

Production Editor

Marc Fowler

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Gayle Johnson

Technical Editors

Bill Wagner and Steve Wisniewski

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Tammi Ross

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Gina Rexrode

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Louisa Klucznik

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Tim Wright

Proofreader

Bob LaRoche

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Copyright 2000 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. Access Registrar, AccessPath, Any to Any, AtmDirector, CCDA, CCDE, CCDP, CCIE, CCNA, CCNP, CCSI, CD-PAC, the Cisco logo, Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, CiscoLink , the Cisco Management Connection logo, the Cisco Net Works logo, the Cisco Powered Network logo, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems Capital logo, Cisco Systems Networking Academy, the Cisco Systems Networking Academy logo, the Cisco Technologies logo, ConnectWay, ControlStream, Fast Step, FireRunner, GigaStack, IGX, Internet Quotient, Kernel Proxy, MGX, Natural Network Viewer, NetSonar, Network Registrar, Packet , PIX, Point and Click Internetworking, Policy Builder, Precept, RouteStream, Secure Script, ServiceWay, SlideCast, SMARTnet, StreamView, The Cell , TrafficDirector, TransPath, ViewRunner, VirtualStream, VisionWay, VlanDirector, Workgroup Director, and Workgroup Stack are trademarks; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, Empowering the Internet Generation, The Internet Economy, and The New Internet Economy are service marks; and ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, Cisco, Cisco IOS, the Cisco IOS logo, Cisco Systems, the Cisco Systems logo, the Cisco Systems Cisco Press logo, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherSwitch, FastHub, FastLink, FastPAD, FastSwitch, GeoTel, IOS, IP/TV, IPX, LightStream, LightSwitch, MICA, NetRanger, Registrar, StrataView Plus, Stratm, TeleRouter, and VCO are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners . The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any of its resellers . (9908R)

Dedication

I would like to dedicate this book to all those who have been instrumental in my professional development and success. Without their help, guidance, and friendship my life would have taken a less rewarding path . There have been many individuals who have had a profound affect on my professional career but two stand out in my mind. I want to thank Dr. Everett L. Johnson, Chairman and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Wichita State University for being my mentor, teacher, and friend. Dr. "J" made my twelve years at Wichita State University rewarding and most importantly, fun. Finally, I want to thank Dr. Roy H. Norris, Professor and Chair Emeritus of Wichita State University for opening the door and letting me in.