WORKERS AND ARTIFACTS

In the Rational Unified Process, how is this translated concretely in terms of workers, artifacts, activities, and workflow? Figure 8-1 shows the workers and artifacts in business modeling.

The main workers involved in business modeling are as follows :

The business-process analyst: The business-process analyst leads and coordinates business use-case modeling by outlining and delimiting the organization being modeled . For example, the business-process analyst establishes the vision of the new business, which business actors and business use cases exist and how they interact.
The business designer: The business designer details the specification of a part of the organization by describing one or several business use cases. He or she determines the business workers and business entities needed to realize a business use case, and also how they work together to achieve the realization. The business designer defines the responsibilities, operations, attributes, and relationships of one or several business workers and business entities.

Also involved in this workflow are

Stakeholders, who represent various parts of the organization and provide input and review
The business reviewer, who reviews the resulting artifacts

The key artifacts of business modeling are as follows:

The business vision document: defines the objectives and goals of the business-modeling effort
A business use-case model: a model of the business's intended functions, used as an essential input to identify roles and deliverables in the organization
A business object model: an object model that describes the realization of business use cases

Other artifacts include the following:

Target-organization assessment: describes the current status of the organization in which a system is to be deployed
Business rules: declarations of policy or conditions that must be satisfied
Supplementary business specifications: a document that presents definitions of the business not included in the business use-case model or the business object model
A business glossary: defines important terms used in the business

A business use-case model consists of business actors and business use cases. The actors represent roles external to the business (for example, customers), and the business use cases are processes. A business object model includes business use-case realizations, which show how the business use cases are "performed" in terms of interacting business workers and business entities.

To reflect groups or departments in an organization, business workers and business entities may be grouped into organizational units. This parallels the organization of the use-case model and the design model we describe in Chapters 9 and 10. We are using the same modeling technique but at a higher level of abstraction. For example, instead of representing a responsibility in a system, a class at the business level represents a responsibility in an organization.