Index_E

E

eBook, 612

EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) standard, 592

effectiveness, judging, 4

efficiency. See performance

embedded SQL

data retrieval and SELECT INTO statement, 535–536

database connection, 533–535

described, 39

dynamic SQL versus, 554

errors, handling, 537–540

future of, 553–554

host variables, 530–533

multirow query results, storing with cursors, 536–537

program flow, sample, 541–542

standards, 529

employees

inactivating versus deleting, 199

raises, applying to all, 194

Empress database, 768

empty string, 44

empty table, creating

MS SQL Server 2000, 104

Oracle 9i, 102

empty values (NULL)

allowing, MS SQL Server 2000, 212, 213–214

arithmetic operators, 372

column constraints, 85, 86, 148

data types, 75

excluding, calculating set of values, 342

host variables, embedded SQL, 532–533

multiple columns, populating, 183–184

setting all values to, 194

sorting precedence, 269

specifying, MS SQL Server 2000, 259

en queue deadlocks, 233

encapsulation, 601

encryption

described, 398

system table columns, 118

entity

accessible, listing, 460, 461

adding, 413

altering

aliases and synonyms, 164–165

ALTER statements cross-reference, 169–170

indexes, 158–160

schemas, 165

sequences, 167–169

tables, 145, 146–156

tablespaces, 166–167

views, 161–164

creating

aliases and synonyms, 121–125

CREATE statement cross-reference, 141–143

database links, 140–141

domains, 130

indexes, 106–112

materialized views, 138–140

schemas, 125–129

sequences, 133–138

tables, 79–105

tablespaces and filegroups, 130–133

views, 112–121

data entry errors, preventing, 439

database and object-relational database models, 17

defined, 16

destroying

DROP statements cross-reference, 171–172

indexes, 160–161

tables, 156–158

views, 163–164

identifying in database design, 630–631

information about, MS SQL Server 2000, 479–480

integrity, enforcing, 635

maximum name length restrictions, 8

OOP, 601

Oracle 9i, 69–70

reference functions, 708

stored procedures, 475

synonyms, 124

table contents, 79

equal sign (=)

as assignment operator, 385–386

as comparison operator, 386

join condition, 281

outer joins, MS SQL Server 2000, 295–296

equality, set theory, 780

equijoin, 282–284

error handling

DB2 UDB, 506

modularity, 491–492

PL/SQL, 505–506

Transact-SQL, 507

error messages

check constraints, 187

session, listing severity, 215

errors

duplicate entries, deleting, 199

embedded SQL, handling, 537–540

flat file databases, 11

rounding, 56, 57

script

DB2 UDB 8.1, 692–693

MS SQL Server 2000, 694

Oracle 9i, 690

event-driven programming, 489

exact numbers

DB2 UDB 8.1, 54–55

literals, 57

MS SQL Server 2000, 55–56

Oracle 9i, 54

SQL99, 54

Excel. See MS Excel

excluding

NULL values, calculating set of values, 342

results of first query in second (EXCEPT), 275–278

exclusive OR bitwise operator (/\), 390–392

executables, user-defined functions, 365

executing

queries, 550–551

statements, 559–560

EXISTS logical operator, 275, 376–377

exiting, loops, 499

explicit transactions, 218

expressions

comparing to predefined values (CASE), 359–361

equal, finding (COALESCE and NULLIF), 362

length, returning, 308

string functions replacing (REPLACE), 325

eXtensible Markup Language. See XML

eXtensible Style Language for Transformation. See XSLT

eXtensible Stylesheet Language. See XSL

external files, managing large (DATALINK), 74