Foreign trade
In 2000, the total import and export value of Tianjin increased by 36.1 per cent, from US$12.601 billion in the previous year to US$17.157 billion.
The total export value hit a high of US$8.629 billion in 2000, which was an increase of 36.3 per cent over the 1999 figure of US$6.331 billion. It comprised 43.52 per cent of the municipal GDP, which stood at RMB163.941 billion (about US$19.824 billion), and accounted for 3.5 per cent of the total export of China.
The export of primary products amounted to US$1.361 billion, accounting for 15.78 per cent of total export value, while export of manufactured products came to US$7.265 billion, or 84.22 per cent of total export value. Exports were destined for 185 countries and regions and exports to the top five destinations (see Table 7.2.2) accounted for 66.6 per cent of the total.
| Country/region | Export value (US$ million) | % of total exports |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | ||
| Japan | 547.90 | 18.30 |
| Hong Kong | 547.59 | 18.26 |
| USA | 532.63 | 17.76 |
| Republic of Korea | 263.76 | 8.80 |
| Germany | 93.19 | 3.10 |
| Total | 1,985.07 | 66.22 |
| 2000 | ||
| USA | 1,984 | 22.99 |
| Japan | 1,497 | 17.35 |
| Hong Kong | 828 | 9.60 |
| Republic of Korea | 797 | 9.24 |
| Germany | 640 | 7.42 |
| Total | 5,746 | 66.6 |
Imports came to a total value of US$8.528 billion, an increase of 36 per cent compared with the 1999 import value of US$6.27 billion.
Import of primary products amounted to US$694 million, 8.14 per cent of total import value, while the value of manufactured products imported was US$7.834 billion, or 91.86 per cent of the total import value. Imports came from 179 countries and regions and the imports from the top five origins comprised 72.56 per cent of the total (see Table 7.2.3).
| Country/region | Import value (US$ million) | % of import total |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | ||
| Japan | 1,118.49 | 31.53 |
| Republic of Korea | 562.13 | 15.85 |
| USA | 455.74 | 12.85 |
| Hong Kong | 372.25 | 10.49 |
| Singapore | 157.20 | 4.43 |
| Total | 4,660.81 | 75.15 |
| 2000 | ||
| Japan | 2,096 | 24.58 |
| Republic of Korea | 1,902 | 22.30 |
| USA | 1,261 | 14.79 |
| Taiwan Province | 479 | 5.62 |
| Hong Kong | 449 | 5.27 |
| Total | 6,187 | 72.56 |
| Approved contracts | Actual utilization | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode | Number | Total value (US$ million) | % increase on previous year's total | Total value (US$ million) | % increase on previous year's total |
| 1995 | |||||
| Direct foreign investment: | 1,389 | 3,851.00 | 9.97 | 1,521.64 | 49.92 |
| Equity joint ventures | 476 | 1,846.00 | 867.55 | ||
| Contractual joint ventures | 63 | 163.00 | 77.06 | ||
| 2000 | |||||
| Direct foreign investment: | 626 | 4,600 | 27.1 | 2,560 | 1.1 |
| Equity joint ventures | 141 | 545 | “37.4 | ||
| Contractual joint ventures | 32 | 123 | “92.4 | ||
| Solely foreign-owned enterprises | 453 | 3932 | 243.5 | ||
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