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Ratios as symptoms of problems, 559–74
buffer cache hit ratio, 561–65
default, keep, and recycle pools, 563–65
chained rows ratio, 570–71
dictionary cache hit ratio, 569
disc sort ratio, 569–70
index use ratio, 568
latch hit ratios, 572–73
library cache hit ratios, 569
parse ratios, 571–72
ratios and tuning, 559–60
table access ratios, 565–67
Recovery Manager (RMAN), 642
Referential integrity, 13–14, 44–59 see also SQL; Tuning the data model
coding business rules in the database, 55–59
using stored procedures, 58–59
using triggers, 56–57
definition, 41
how to implement, 46–48
in indexing, 201–2
and tuning, 13–14, 44–58
using constraints, 48–55
avoiding locking on foreign keys, 54
efficient keys, 49–52
hierarchies of relational entities, 49, 51
indexing foreign keys, 52–53
sacrificing Referential Integrity for performance, 53–55
whether to use, 44–46
Relational database model forms, 81–88
object database model, 83–85
object versus relational model, 85
run time objects, 86
object-relational database model, 86–87
objects overlaid onto relations, 87–88
purist's employees schema, 81–82, 88
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