- 5S
A quality system involving five tasks that all begin with S: seiri (sort), seiton (straighten or set), seiso (shine or cleanliness), seiketsu (standardize), and shitsuke (sustain).
- ABC
Activity-Based Costing.
- ABM
Activity-Based Management.
- affinity diagram
A set of ideas about the topic in question, grouped in clusters based on their similarity.
- AHP
Analytic Hierarchy Process.
- ALGOL
International Algorithmic Language. An early high-level language for programming mathematical and engineering applications.
- alpha testing
Initial testing of a new software release by the developer's staff.
- ANOVA
Analysis of Variance.
- AON
Activity on Node Diagram.
- beta testing
Initial testing of a new release by advanced or experienced users.
- Blitz QFD
A fast, matrix-free approach for addressing only the most critical customer needs.
- BPR
Business Process Reengineering.
- build
An operational software system at some level of functionality.
- CAC
Cost at Completion.
- CAD
Computer-Aided Design.
- CAP
Change Acceleration Program.
- CAR
Customer Appraisal and Review.
- CASE
Computer-Aided Software Engineering.
- CMM
Capability Maturity Model.
- COBOL
Common Business-Oriented Language. An early high-level language for programming business applications.
- CoPQ
Cost of Poor Quality.
- CoQ
Cost of Quality. The expense of nonconformancethe cost of doing things wrong.
- CORBA
Common Object Request Broker Architecture. A general open industry standard for working with distributed objects.
- CoSQ
Cost of Software Quality. The total cost of conformance and nonconformance to the customer's quality requirements. Consists of direct and indirect expenses incurred for preventing, appraising, testing, discovering, analyzing, and fixing software faults, including maintenance.
- CPI
Cost Performance Index.
- CPM
Critical Path Method.
- CQC
Corporate Quality Council.
- CQO
Chief Quality Officer. An emerging position in many organizations where managing quality is considered essential to organizational success.
- CVT
Customer Voice Table.
- cyclomatic complexity
The number of linearly independent paths that make up a computer program.
- DCF
Discounted Cash Flow.
- design pattern
A general, repeatable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design. This is not a finished design that can be transformed directly into program code. Rather, it is a description or template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations.
- DFSS
Design for Six Sigma.
- DFTS
Design for Trustworthy Software.
- DOE
Design of Experiments.
- DPMO
Defects Per Million Opportunities.
- DSDL
Domain-Specific Design Language.
- EC
Executive Champion of a quality initiative.
- EDSI
Equivalent Delivered Source Instructions.
- Emacs
The text editor in GNU.
- EPM
Essential Path Method. The essential path in a development project is the path that adds the most value for the customer.
- ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning.
- FASB
Financial Accounting Standards Board.
- FMEA
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis.
- FORTRAN
Formula Translator. An early high-level language for programming engineering and scientific applications.
- framework
A set of cooperating object classes that makes up a reusable design for a specific type of software application.
- function point
A collection of executable statements that performs a task, together with declarations of formal parameters and local variables manipulated by those statements.
- GAAP
Generally Accepted Accounting Practices.
- gemba
A Japanese term for the "actual place" where the product under development will add value for the customer.
- GNU
Gnu is Not UNIX. A public-domain UNIX-like operating system.
- HD
Hierarchy Diagram.
- HoQ
House of Quality.
- I.D.
Interrelationship Digraph. A tool that helps you explore and identify causal relationships between various ideas.
- IDE
Integrated Development Environment.
- ISR
Interrupt Scheduling Routine.
- IT portfolio
The set of enterprise business applications used to run a business.
- JIT
Just in Time.
- JUSE
Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers.
- JVM
Java Virtual Machine.
- Kano model
An advanced technique that may be used after customer needs are translated into quality characteristics, or even features.
- kansei
A spacious Western-style room.
- kansei engineering
A technology that translates human kansei and images into physical design elements to design a product satisfying kansei.
- KDSI
One thousand Delivered Source Instructions (same as KLOC).
- KJ method
A nonrational "right brain" method for discerning customer needs developed by cultural anthropologist Jiro Kawakita.
- KLOC
One thousand Lines of Code.
- Landmark™
A Lawson software specification-based design language for business domain expert use.
- Latin square
Consists of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged so that no orthogonal (row or column) contains the same number twice.
- LCC
Life-Cycle Cost.
- LCL
Lower Control Limit.
- Linux
A public-domain version of UNIX.
- LOC
Lines of Code.
- Mahalanobis distance
A statistical distance measure introduced by P. C. Mahalanobis. Based on correlations between variables for identifying different patterns to determine similarity in an unknown sample set.
- MITI
The Japanese Ministry for International Trade and Industry.
- MR analysis
Multiple Regression analysis.
- MRP
Materials Resource Planning.
- noise
The negative effects of uncontrollable factors in the use of a designed product.
- NVP
N-Version Programming. A technique requiring the independent preparation of multiple versions of a software component for a function or application.
- ODC
Orthogonal Defect Classification.
- OOAD
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design.
- OOP
Object-Oriented Programming.
- orthogonal array
A matrix consisting of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged so that no orthogonal (row or column) contains the same number twice.
- PAMPA
Project Attribute Monitoring and Prediction Associate visualization toolkit.
- parameter design
The second stage of the Taguchi Robust Design process. The engineer uses orthogonal matrices to represent both design parameters and noise factors that may cause the product to deviate from its target.
- PDE
Programming Development Environment.
- PDM
Precedence Diagram.
- PDPC
Process Decision Program Chart. A tree diagram that seeks to identify all the things that can possibly go wrong and specifies necessary countermeasures to prevent or correct them.
- PERT
Program Evaluation and Review Technique.
- PICS
Plan, Implement, Control, and Secure.
- poka yoke
A Japanese term meaning mistake-proofing or fail-safing. Recognizes that human errors are unavoidable but do not necessarily have to result in defects. A vital element of an effective process quality control system. Also called Zero (Defect) Quality Control (ZQC).
- PoNC
Price of Nonconformance.
- QFD
Quality Function Deployment.
- quality circle
A small group of workers doing similar tasks.
- quality loss
The cost of product failure, which comes into the picture after products are shipped. It includes losses due to return, warranty, repair, and loss of goodwill resulting in loss of market share.
- quality loss function
A function used for design decisions on financial grounds to decide whether additional costs of improved quality will actually prove worthwhile in the marketplace.
- QWL
Quality of Work Life.
- regression testing
Ensures that modifications and upgrades to a software version have not damaged prior functionality.
- Robust Design
A methodology developed by Genichi Taguchi. Helps you develop products and processes that perform on target as per customer requirements despite the presence of factors that cause variability in the user and manufacturing environments at the lowest possible cost.
- robustness
The state in which the technology, product, or process performance is minimally sensitive to factors causing variability (in either the manufacturing or user environment) at the lowest unit manufacturing cost.
- ROQI
Return on Quality Investments.
- round-tripping
The ability of an IDE to go from modified compiled Java code back to UML.
- RSDM
Robust Software Development Model.
- RUP
Rational Unified Process.
- SA
Structured Analysis. A software development tool used before Software QFD.
- SanFrancisco™
An IBM Partners in Development project to build a business application framework in Java.
- SAP
The largest tier-one third-party ERP business application software vendor.
- SDE
Statistical Design of Experiments.
- SEC
Senior Executives and Champions.
- SeCS
Self-Check System. Encourages a self-check, with imaginative incentives to reward people for reporting their own defects.
- SEI
Software Engineering Institute.
- SFTA
Software Failure Tree Analysis.
- Six Sigma
A philosophy, system of management, and methodology used to improve products, processes, and service performance to make them defect-free and help them meet customer requirements in a cost-effective manner.
- SN ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio.
- software architecture
The description of elements from which a system is built, interactions among those elements, patterns that guide their composition, and constraints on those patterns.
- software QFD
The application of quality function deployment technology to the software development process.
- software quality
A software product's fitness for use. The degree to which a system, component, or process possesses a specified set of attributes necessary to fulfill stated or implied customer or user needs, expectations, and satisfaction.
- software reliability
Software's ability to perform its functions under specified conditions for a specified time.
- software safety
Freedom from conditions that can cause death; injury; illness; damage to or loss of access to and control over data, privacy, equipment, or property; or environmental harm.
- software scalability
A computer application's ability to run on a larger machine or parallel processor to handle a larger transaction volume or throughput in such a way that performance scales linearly or nearly linearly with volume.
- software security
A computer application's ability to operate without risk of compromise by error-prone programs or malicious activity by hackers.
- SuCS
Successive Check System. Successive inspections throughout a process before further value-adding.
- TCoSQ
Total Cost of Software Quality.
- TCS
Tata Consultancy Services.
- TOC
Theory of Constraints.
- tolerance design
The third stage of the Taguchi Robust Design process. The engineer tightens tolerances on components that cannot be made adequately robust by parameter design.
- TPOV
Teachable Point of View.
- TPS
Toyota Production System.
- TQM
Total Quality Management. A management approach to long-term success that is attained through focus on customer satisfaction.
- TRIZ
Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch. The Russian acronym for Theory of Inventive Problem Solving TIPS).
- trustworthy computing
A hardware-software-network system that is dependable (including but not limited to reliability, safety, security, availability, and maintainability) and customerresponsive at various stages of the system life cycle.
- trustworthy software
Software that is dependable (including but not limited to reliability, safety, security, availability, and maintainability) and customer-responsive. It can fulfill customer trust and meet the customer's stated, unstated, and even unanticipated needs.
- UCL
Upper Control Limit.
- UML
Uniform Modeling Language.
- validation
The process of ensuring that programs meet their functional specifications.
- verification
The process of ensuring that programs meet their design specifications.
- VOC
Voice of the Customer.
- WBS
Work Breakdown Structure.
- XP
Extreme Programming.
- ZQC
Zero (Defect) Quality Control. A technique for avoiding and eliminating mistakes. Poka yoke is the basis of ZQC.
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