Introduction to OES Printing

Along with file sharing, printer sharing was one of the original value propositions of Novell NetWare back in the early 1980s. OES Linux continues this on a Linux platform by delivering a powerful printing solution that allows users to print to any network printer to which they have been given rightseven if that printer is on the other side of the world! OES Linux uses iPrint as its default print environment. iPrint leverages the powerful foundation of Novell Distributed Print Services (NDPS), but puts a web face to printing and removes the dependence on the Novell client for print services. With iPrint, mobile employees, business partners, and even customers can access your printers through existing Internet connections. iPrint uses the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), an industry standard, to make it possible to print seamlessly over the Internet, thus making location-based printing a reality.

The benefits of IPP include the following:

• IPP enjoys broad vendor support.

• IPP works over local networks as well as the Internet.

• IPP provides encrypted print services via SSL or TLS.

• IPP provides accessibility to print services from any platform (Windows, Macintosh, Linux, Unix, and so on).

Because iPrint is implemented on the foundation of NDPS, you also get all the advantages of robust network printing services coupled with the interoperability and ease-of-use of an Internet standard. So, through the combination of IPP and NDPS, you gain the following capabilities:

• Global access to printers managed through eDirectory

• Web-based printer location tool and driver installation

• Capability to print from anywhere to anywhere

• Web-based user controls and printer status

• Printers don't have to be IPP-aware to function with iPrint

When your iPrint environment is configured, you can enjoy powerful printing options suitable for the web-based business world, such as:

• Printing across the Internet Remote employees can actually print directly to a printer located at the office because iPrint resources are available as standard web URLs. Simply enter the appropriate URL for a company's print services, locate the printer to which you want to print, and iPrint takes care of the restincluding the installation of the iPrint client software, if necessary.

• Printing away from "home" Setting up printing when visiting a different company location used to be an ordeal. No more. Now, simply access the company's print services URL, browse to the office at which you are currently located, and use the office map to locate the printer closest to you. Selecting the printer will install the necessary driver software automatically.

• Printing instead of faxing Because you can now print across the Internet, you can effectively print instead of faxing. All you need is an iPrint printer to which you can connect. With the web-based iPrint tools, it is possible to monitor the print job remotely and then email the intended recipient when the print job has finished.

iPrint provides the robust printing environment you expect from Novell while at the same time integrating with modern printing standards that extend printing capabilities to the Internet.

iPrint Components

Because iPrint leverages NDPS, traditional Novell administrators might recognize several of the components that have been around since NetWare 5. In order to properly manage and route network print jobs from multiple users to multiple printers, NDPS uses the following software components:

• Printer Agent A printer agent is simply software that manages a printer. Every printer must have a printer agent in the iPrint world. A printer's printer agent does the following:

  • Manages the printer's print jobs

  • Responds to client queries about print jobs or printer capabilities

  • Communicates with the printer and is notified when something goes wrong, or when some other monitored event occurs so that it can be communicated to those interested in the printer status

• iPrint Gateway The Gateway handles communication between the Print Manager and the printer. With OES Linux, the Gateway provides this functionality through LPR over TCP/IP. The Gateway also uses SNMP to monitor printer status.

• iPrint Manager The iPrint Manager controls all printer agents configured on a given server. One iPrint Manager can provide print services to multiple printers. If necessary, additional iPrint Managers can also be added to the eDirectory tree. Although multiple iPrint Managers can be configured on a single server, only one iPrint Manager at a time can be running on a server.

In addition to the NDPS components already mentioned, iPrint adds the following components:

• IPP Server The IPP Server is responsible for processing all IPP requests and sending those requests to the iPrint Manager or iPrint Driver Store.

• iPrint Driver Store The iPrint Driver Store is a centralized repository of printer drivers. As clients configure printers for the first time, the iPrint Manager automatically downloads the appropriate driver from the iPrint Driver Store and caches it locally for future installations.

• iPrint web pages These pages are used to install the iPrint client software and printers, and to view and manage print jobs. The look and feel of these pages is customizable with any HTML editor you might want to use.

• Print provider and Web browser plug-ins These are the only client-side pieces necessary to leverage the iPrint environment. As previously mentioned, the Novell client is not required.

TIP

If you are managing printers at multiple sites, you should plan to have an iPrint Manager at each geographical location to reduce printing-related traffic over your WAN links. You may also choose to configure additional iPrint Driver Stores, but keep in mind that each store must be individually updated as new printer drivers become necessary.

With this introduction to iPrint components, you are now ready to start working with the printing capabilities of OES Linux.

Installing iPrint

If you didn't select iPrint during the server installation, you can install it after the fact from YaST. To install iPrint from YaST, complete the following steps:

1.	Access YaST from a terminal using yast, from a graphical environment using yast2, or from the YaST launcher from the application menu.
2.	Select the Network Services category in YaST. From within this category, locate and select the iPrint module. This module will detect that the rpms for iPrint are missing and ask if you want to install them. Select Continue to install the necessary packages.
3.	At the conclusion of the software installation, SuSEconfig is executed to update the system configuration. When this completes, the configuration of the OES component will begin automatically.
4.	At the iPrint LDAP Server Configuration screen, enter the following information and click Next: Local or Remote Directory Server Select the radio button, which indicates whether eDirectory is running on the local server or a remote server. Directory Server Address If a remote eDirectory server is in use, enter the IP address for this server. Admin Name with Context Enter the eDirectory administrator's credentials using fully qualified dot notation, for example, cn=admin.o=novell. Admin Password Enter the password for the administrator user. Port Details If necessary, select this button to change the configured ports for the eDirectory server specified previously. The default LDAP port for unencrypted communications is 389 and port 636 is used for SSL-encrypted communications.
5.	At the iPrint Configuration screen, enter the eDirectory tree name and click Next.
6.	In order for iPrint to be active, select restart Apache when prompted.

With iPrint installed on your OES Linux server, you are now ready to start configuring your iPrint environment.

Configuring iPrint

A few general tasks are involved in setting up an iPrint environmentall of which can be performed through iManager:

• Create an iPrint Driver Store.

• Create an iPrint Manager.

• (Optional) Set upAlthough DNS is not technically required, it will be a lot easier for your users to access web-based iPrint tools if DNS is configured on your network. Otherwise, they will have to specify IP addresses to get to iPrint services. If the IP address changes for any reason, users will have to reinstall their printers. For more information about configuring DNS, see Chapter 7, "Novell eDirectory Management."

• Create printer objects.

• Install iPrint support on workstations.

The following sections take a look at each of these tasks and describe how you can accomplish each of them.

CREATE AN IPRINT DRIVER STORE

To create a new iPrint Driver Store for your iPrint environment, complete the following steps from iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Create Driver Store.
2.	On the Create Driver Store page in the Content frame, provide the necessary information and click OK (see Figure 13.1). Driver Store Name Specify a name for the Driver Store object. Container Name Specify a location for the Driver Store object in the eDirectory tree. Target Server Specify a DNS name or IP address for the server that will host the driver store. eDir Server Specify the eDirectory server you want the driver store to be associated with. Figure 13.1. Creating an iPrint Driver Store in iManager.
3.	Click OK to complete the process.

When the iPrint Driver Store configuration is complete, it is written to the /etc/opt/novell/iprint/conf/idsd.conf configuration file. This configuration file can be manually edited to perform such tasks as configuring multiple Driver Stores, modifying the eDirectory server assignment, and adding secondary eDirectory servers to the Driver Store. For information regarding the syntax of this file, refer to the /etc/opt/novell/iprint/conf/ idsd-template.conf file.

The initialization script for the iPrint Driver Store is /etc/init.d/ novell-idsd. This script should be used to automatically start the Driver Store daemon after configuration within iManager. This script should also be configured to start automatically upon server startup. If necessary, this script can be used with a start or stop command-line parameter to manually load and unload the driver store.

NOTE

The iPrint Driver Store can also be shut down using the Manage Driver Store link within iManager. After locating and opening the Driver Store object, select the Driver Store Control page and select Shutdown to unload the store.

OES Linux ships with many printer drivers for common printers. As printer manufacturers release new printers and updated drivers, however, you might need to add a driver that is not included with the default set that shipped with OES Linux.

To see the list of existing printer drivers, and to add a new driver to the store, complete the following steps in iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Manage Driver Store.
2.	In the Content frame, specify or browse to your iPrint Driver Store object and click OK.
3.	Select the Drivers tab to add a driver to the store, as shown in Figure 13.2. Figure 13.2. Adding a new printer driver to the iPrint Driver Store with iManager.
4.	Select the subpage for the operating platform (Windows XP, Linux and Mac, and so on) for the printer driver. A list appears, showing all printer drivers currently available.
5.	Click Add from File or Add from System and specify the driver you want to add. Click OK and follow the prompts to add the driver to your store. Add from File means that you have a separate driver available. Add from System means that you want to extract the appropriate resource driver from system files.

NOTE

You are only allowed to use the Add from System option for the operating system that matches the workstation you are currently using. For all other operating systems, you must use the Add from File option.

Also, in iManager printer drivers can only be added from workstations running the iPrint client. If necessary, install the iPrint client prior to performing this operation.

The new driver will appear in the list of available resources in the Driver Store database.

CREATING AN IPRINT MANAGER

After you have created and populated your Driver Store, you are ready to create an iPrint Manager on your server. To do this, create an iPrint Manager object in the eDirectory tree and then load the iPrint Manager on the server by completing the following steps in iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Create Print Manager.
2.	In the Content frame, provide the necessary information and click OK (see Figure 13.3). Print Manager Name Specify a name for the iPrint Manager object. Container Name Specify a location for the iPrint Manager object in the eDirectory tree. Target Server Specify a DNS name or IP address for the server where the iPrint Manager will be located. WARNING It is strongly recommended that the server's DNS name be specified in the Target Server field of the iPrint Manager. If an IP address is used, and the server's IP address is modified, all clients using printers managed by the iPrint Manager will need to be reconfigured with the new IP address. Using a DNS name ensures that clients are not affected if these types of changes become necessary! eDir Server Specify the eDirectory server you want the iPrint Manager to be associated with. Driver Store Name Specify the name of the Driver Store object that has already been created. Figure 13.3. Creating a Print Manager in iManager.
3.	Click OK to return to the iManager home page.

When the iPrint Manager configuration is complete, it is written into the /etc/opt/novell/iprint/conf/ipsmd.conf configuration file. If the eDirectory server assignment needs to be changed, or additional eDirectory servers need to be added to the server list, this file can be manually edited. For information regarding the syntax of this file, refer to the /etc/opt/novell/iprint/conf/ipsmd-template.conf file.

The initialization script for the iPrint Manager is /etc/init.d/novell-ipsmd. This script is used to start the iPrint Manager upon object creation in iManager. This script should also be configured to automatically start upon server startup. If necessary, this script can be used with a start or stop command-line parameter to manually load and unload the iPrint Manager.

NOTE

The iPrint Manager can also be shut down and moved to another server using the Manage Print Manager link within iManager. After locating and opening the iPrint Manager object, select the Manager Control page and select Shutdown to unload the store. To move the manager to another server, select the Move option.

After successful configuration, the Print Manager will control all printer agents that you install on your OES Linux server. This task is accomplished with the help of an iPrint database. The database is used to track information regarding all configured iPrint servers managed by this specific iPrint Manager.

The iPrint database is stored in the /var/opt/novell/iprint directory as psmdb.*. To help protect against configuration loss, this database is backed up every time a printer is added or deleted from the current iPrint Manager. The database is also backed up every night at midnight. The backup database is named psmdbsav.*. In the event of damage to the current database, the backup version can be manually restored using the following steps:

1.	Ensure that the iPrint Manager is stopped by executing /etc/init.d/novell-ipsmd stop
2.	Rename the current iPrint database: cd /var/opt/novell/iprint mv psmdb.* psmdbold.*
3.	Restore the backup database: mv psmdbsav.* psmdb.*
4.	Start the iPrint Manager by executing /etc/init.d/novell-ipsmd start

CREATING NETWORK PRINTERS

To create an iPrint printer, you must first create a Printer object in the eDirectory tree, and you must have already created an iPrint Manager object. To create a Printer object using iManager, complete the following steps in iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Create Printer.
2.	In the Content frame, provide the necessary information and click Next. Printer Name Specify a name for the Printer object. Container Name Specify a context where the Printer object will be located. Print Manager Name Specify the name of the Print Manager that will manage this printer. DNS Name or IP Address Specify the DNS name or IP address of the physical printer. Location (Optional) Specify descriptive information that will help iPrint clients determine where this printer resides. Description (Optional) Specify a description for the printer. LPR Printer Name or Port 9100 These two fields are used to specify the connection type to the printer. Enter the LPR Printer Name for all printers except those that only support port 9100. Select Port 9100 for printers that only support access through port 9100. (HP JetDirect printers are one example of printers that normally use port 9100.)
3.	Select the appropriate printer driver(s) from the driver list and click Next. You can select a driver for each type of Windows workstation platform: Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows NT 4, or Windows 95/98, as well as Linux/Mac. These are the drivers that will be automatically downloaded to the client workstations when they install the printer.
4.	Click OK to return to the iManager home page.

IPP support is enabled automatically when a new printer object is created. However, you can enable/disable secure IPP support (requires SSL/TLS) from the iPrint Support subpage of the Client Support tab for each printer object. You can also enable/disable LPR/LPD client support on the LPR Support subpage beneath that same Client Support tab.

When your printers have been installed, managing them is relatively easy. Everything you need is located in iManager. The Printer Management links, shown in the left side of the navigation frame in Figure 13.3, are a one-stop shop for managing user access, printer configuration, and print service support.

PRINTER POOLING

iPrint lets you create a pool of printers to share print duties. Users install one of the printers associated with a pool. When a print job is sent, if the installed printer is busy, the Print Manager can automatically redirect that print job to an idle printer in the pool. Pool printers need to use the same print driver and be of a similar make and model to be sure that print jobs will print correctly. All printers in a pool must be assigned to the same Print Manager.

To create a printer pool, complete the following steps in iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Printer Pool Configuration.
2.	Specify the Print Manager for which you are creating a printer pool. Select Create Printer Pool from the drop-down list, and click OK.
3.	Specify a name for the printer pool, and select the printers that should be included in the pool. Click Next.
4.	Click OK to return to the iManager home page.

After the printer pool has been created, it will transparently share jobs among all printers in the pool when necessary.

PRINTER BANNERS

iPrint also lets you configure print banners, or cover sheets, which can be assigned to specific iPrint printers. Thanks to the integration of eDirectory into the iPrint system, these banners can even include information such as the print owner's email address, location, or full name.

NOTE

In order for eDirectory attributes to be used in print banners, the iPrint Manager must have the necessary eDirectory rights to read the desired attributes. This can easily be solved using iManager and assigning the iPrint Manager the appropriate trustee rights to the containers where user objects can be found.

Banners are associated with a specific iPrint Manager. When assigned to a manager, printers managed by the iPrint Manager can then be assigned to one of the configured banners.

To create a custom banner, complete the following steps in iManager:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Printer Banner Configuration.
2.	Specify the Print Manager for which you are creating a banner. Select Create Custom Banner from the drop-down list, and click OK.
3.	Specify a name for the banner, and select the page location for the banner text.
4.	Select the items you would like displayed on the banner. Each item can also be configured with a relative font size. eDirectory attributes are all displayed using an eDir designation at the beginning of the attribute name.
5.	Click Next and then OK to return to the iManager home page.

After creating the banner, you must associate it with a printer in order to perform a function. The following steps outline the process of assigning a print banner to a printer:

1.	In the Navigation frame, open the iPrint group and select Printer Banner Configuration.
2.	Specify the Print Manager for which you are assigning a banner. Select Assign Custom Banner from the drop-down list, and click OK.
3.	Select a banner from the Custom Banner drop-down list, and then select printers for which the banner should be active. When finished assigning banners to printers, click Next.
4.	Click OK to return to the iManager home page.

Accessing iPrint Printers

In order for users to use iPrint, they need two components:

• The Novell iPrint client

• A printer to which they can print

When a user selects a printer to be installed by iPrint, iPrint determines whether the Novell iPrint client is installed. If it is not installed, iPrint will walk the user through the client installation. Following this, the printer driver is downloaded and the printer is installed on the user's workstation.

iPrint client files and printers can be quickly and easily installed from a web page.

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The iPrint client and appropriate printer drivers can also be distributed using ZENworks for Desktops (Windows workstations), and ZENworks for Linux Management (Linux workstations). If you have either of these additional Novell products, consult the Novell online documentation for more information on automating client delivery and installation with ZENworks.

Users simply browse to the iPrint URL, which, by default, is the following: http://<server_IP_address or DNS_name>/ipp. Figure 13.4 shows a sample iPrint printers home page.

Figure 13.4. A sample iPrint printers home page.

The iPrint printers home page displays a listing of available printers and a link to install the iPrint client. Users simply select Install iPrint Client and follow the prompts to complete the client installation. If they try to install a printer before installing the iPrint client, they will be prompted to install the client first.

NOTE FOR WINDOWS WORKSTATIONS

When using the iPrint client in a Windows environment, the workstation must normally reboot to complete the installation. To remove the iPrint client from a Windows workstation, either the standard Remove Programs option in the Windows Control Panel or the Uninstall shortcut under the Novell iPrint program group can be used.

NOTE FOR LINUX WORKSTATIONS

In a Linux workstation environment, the iPrint client is downloaded in rpm format. After the client is downloaded, the root account must be used to install the rpm. To avoid this requirement, ZENworks for Linux Management (ZLM) can be used to push the client out to Linux workstations. Otherwise, download the rpm to the user's home directory and install the client manually.

Linux workstations do not require a reboot after installing the iPrint client. However, iPrint browser plug-ins will not be recognized until the user's browser is restarted after installing the client. If you are using the Konqueror browser, the iPrint plug-in can be registered by choosing Settings, Configure Konqueror, Plugins, Scan for New Plugins.

After the client is installed, users return to the same iPrint URL to install the necessary printer support. If you have associated a printer driver with each of your iPrint printers, it is automatically installed on the users' workstations. If a printer driver already exists on the workstations, it will be overwritten.

When the printer driver installs on a Windows workstation, a Printer icon is added to the users' Printers folder. From that point on, users access the printer through all the normal avenues.

DEFAULT PRINTER DRIVER OPTIONS

You can control how printer driver options are set when the printer driver is installed on a workstation. To use this functionality, you must configure Location-Based Printing with the iPrint Map Designer.

As part of the iPrint Map Design process, you must configure the properties of all printers being made available through iPrint maps. Table 13.1 shows the supported parameters for iPrint printers.

Table 13.1. Supported Printer Parameters for iPrint Printers

PARAMETER	SUPPORTED VALUES
orientation	Landscape, portrait
papersize	Letter, lettersmall, tabloid, ledger, legal, statement, executive, A3, A4, A4small, A5, B4, B5, folio, quatro, 10x14, 11x17, note, env_10, env_12, env_14, csheet, dsheet, esheet, env_dl, env_c5, env_c4, env_c3, env_c65, env_b5, env_b6, env_italy, env_monarch, env_personal, fanfold_us, fanfold_std_german, fanfold_lgl_german, iso_b4, japanese_postcard, 9x11, 10x11, 15x11, env_invite, letter_extra, legal_extra, tabloid_extra, A4_extra, letter_extra_transverse, a_plus, b_plus, letter_plus, A4_plus, A5_transverse, B5_transverse, A3_extra, A5_extra, B5_extra, A2, A3_transverse, A3_extra_transverse
copies	Enter the number of copies you want printed
color	Yes=color; no or false=monochrome
duplex	Simplex, horizontal, vertical
collate	Yes or true=collate; no=do not collate

More information on the iPrint Map Design process is available later in this chapter.

IPRINT CLIENT UPDATES

Periodically, users will need to update their iPrint client. Each time a user starts his or her workstation, the iPrint client checks with the default printer to determine whether a newer version of the iPrint client exists. If necessary, a newer version of the client can be installed. You can control how this update takes place with the iprint.ini file.

The iprint.ini file is stored in /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs on each server where iPrint is installed. It lets you specify whether the user should be prompted before a new client is installed, or if the update should be a "hands-free" process.

Descriptive text for each entry in iprint.ini is included in the file. You can view and edit the file using a text editor.

WARNING

The iprint.ini file should be synchronized across all servers on which iPrint is running.

Location-Based Printing

Location-based printing is one of the key values of iPrint. It lets users easily locate and install printers using one of two methods:

• Printer list views With list views, you configure printer lists so that they make the most sense for your users, such as by building, by office location, or by eDirectory context.

• Printer maps Using the iPrint Map Designer, you can create maps of printer locations by using drag-and-drop methods. Then you can post the maps on a web server for users to access. By looking at the maps, they locate a printer close to their location and simply click the Printer icon. The printer driver and iPrint client, if necessary, are then installed on the users' workstations.

Each of these methods is discussed in the following sections.

CREATING PRINTER LISTS

iPrint provides a default list of printers organized by the iPrint Manager. To create a custom list, you can modify the HTML of the iPrint page and create links to individual printers' IPP URLs. When you create an iPrint printer, a URL is listed in the accepted IPP URL list. This is the URL you will specify when creating a customized printer list.

Using the iPrint Map Designer tool, you can quickly create a map showing printer locations. The tool lets you import floor plans so that you can drag and drop printers to actual locations. These maps are then published on a web server so that users can install printers that are closest to their location.

CREATING PRINTER MAPS

Creating printer maps requires that you have the iPrint client installed on the workstation from which you will be creating the maps. You must also access the Map Designer using Internet Explorer 5.5 or later.

The iPrint Map Designer lets you create maps showing the physical locations of printers in a building by using background images of the building's floor plan. After creating the maps, use the iPrint Map Designer to modify or update your maps as necessary.

To create a printer map for your iPrint users, complete the following steps:

1.	Get graphic images of your building floor plan(s). iPrint supports images in JPEG, GIF, and BMP formats. Copy all of the floor plan images to your iPrint servers and store them in /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs/images/maps. You can also use custom printer icons within your maps. To do this, copy the desired images into the /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs/images/printers directory.
2.	To access the iPrint Map tool, use Internet Explorer to access http://<server address>/ippdocs/maptool.htm.
3.	From the bottom of the Navigation frame, select the background image from the Background drop-down list. Select a floor plan image from those you have copied to /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs/images/maps. Alternatively, you can retrieve and modify an existing map file by selecting Open and specifying (browsing to) the directory where the map is located.
4.	To add a printer to the map, provide the following information: Printer icon Select the type of printer icon you want to use. Printer list Click the Browse icon and enter the IP address or DNS name of the OES Linux server where the iPrint Manager is running. Click OK. From the printer list, select the printer agent you want associated with this printer icon. If the printer is not listed, make sure you have IPP enabled for that printer. NOTE To add printers from different Print Managers to the same map, first add the printers from the first Print Manager, and then click the Browse icon, select the next Print Manager, and repeat the process.
5.	Drag and drop your printer icon to the desired location on the map. When you have completed this, the following three fields become enabled and must be filled out: Printer URL The URL created for the IPP printer will populate this field automatically. You should not need to change the URL. Mouse over Text This field is populated automatically by the printer agent's name. You can override this information and enter any descriptive text you want to display when a user moves the mouse over the Printer icon. (Optional) Printer Caption Enter the information to display, using Enter to parse the information onto multiple lines.
6.	When the printer has been correctly placed on the map, click on the Driver Settings option in the menu bar to configure default printer options, such as orientation, paper size, and so on. Possible options were explained in the "Default Printer Driver Options" section earlier in this chapter. These options can also be manually added to the map file after the map has been generated. For information on this, see the DRIVER-OPTIONS section of the example.htm file in /var/opt/novell/iprint/ htdocs.
7.	Click Save, and save the map. If you have Samba access to your server, you can save the file directly to /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs. Otherwise, you will have to save the file to a local directory, and transfer the map to the server manually.

WARNING

If you click Refresh or close your web browser without saving the map, all changes made since the last time the map was saved will be lost.

Repeat step 4 for each printer you want to place on your map. You can edit a printer's information at any time by clicking the appropriate printer icon and changing the printer information fields as required. If you need to add or modify printers from a previously used Print Manager, click a printer icon from that manager and the printer list will be populated with printers from that manager.

HOSTING THE MAPS ON A WEB SERVER

After creating your maps, you need to post them on a web server in order for your maps and iPrint to work properly. This web server can be a new or existing web server, or it can be the OES server itself. To use a new or existing web server, copy the contents of the /var/opt/novell/iprint/htdocs directory and its subdirectories to the web server directory structure. You can then link to your maps from your company's internal web page or send the URL out to your users.

To use the OES server itself, simply copy the map file to the /var/opt/ novell/iprint/htdocs directory. The map file then must be linked to an existing website, or published to end users. The URL for the map will be http://<server address>/ippdocs/<map>.

Printer Availability on Workstations

Sometimes you might want printers to remove themselves automatically from a workstation. For example, suppose you have a printer in your lobby for a customer to use. When the customer leaves, you want the printer to be removed from the customer's laptop. Setting the persistence of the printer allows you to automatically remove the printer when the customer reboots his or her laptop.

To configure a printer's persistence, you must be using Location-Based Printing. When configuring the location maps, you have the opportunity to configure the driver settings for each printer. If you would like to modify a printer's persistence, configure the persistence attribute to one of the values listed in Table 13.2.

Table 13.2. Possible Options for Printer Persistence

PARAMETER	SUPPORTED VALUES
persistent	The printer will not be automatically removed.
volatile-reboot	The printer will be removed when the workstation is rebooted.
volatile-date-time	The printer will be removed at the specified time. The time should be entered in the following numeric format: year,month,day,hour,minute

As with other driver parameters, this can also be manually entered into existing maps by following the syntax in the example.htm file found in /var/opt/ novell/iprint/htdocs.