SharePoint gets its default icons from the .\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS\1033\IMAGES folder. You can change the image files found there to customize the icons used throughout SharePoint.
3.10.1. Resources
To get
Look here
The SharePoint SDK
Search http://www.microsoft.com/downloads for "SharePoint SDK."
Information about built-in lists
SharePoint SDK Appendix, "Field Tables for Default Lists"
CabArc , Extract , and other cabinet file utilities