In this chapter the focus has been on institutional initiatives on diffusion of EDI in the Danish business community and the public sector. In our analysis we assessed the EDI Action Plan and found that an active use of the public sector was a dominant market demand driver in the diffusion of B2B e-commerce.
Mapping the degree of institutional involvement and the degree of EDI adoption, we found that most of the large users of EDI did not get involved in the EDI Action Plan. The majority of the institutions involved had limited market power and could be interpreted as the least-likely adopters of EDI. The market
Our interpretation of the analysis in this chapter is that the lack of direct representation will condition the future orientation and decision making in terms of current and future policy programs on diffusion of ICT: the lack of industry involvement has not made the outcome of the EDI Action Plan useless. Yet, it has led to a very limited adoption and diffusion of B2B e-commerce, especially among SMEs and public sector institutions, which were the target audience for the EDI Action Plan. The statistics
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|
Sector |
Government Department |
Government Council/Association |
Government Agency |
Professional Association |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Governmental sector |
Danish Ministry of Education And Research Ministry of Finance, Agency for Financial Management and Administrative Affairs |
Association of National Procurement Officers National Association of Local Authorities Local Government Computing Data Association (KMD) |
The Inland Revenue Service Danish Armed Forces Statistics Denmark National Procurement Ltd. City of Copenhagen |
|
|
The financial sector |
Danish Bankers' Association Danish Insurance Association Association of Danish Mortgage Banks |
|||
|
The industry sector |
Danish Ministry of Business and Industry |
Confederation of Danish Industries Danish Federation of Crafts and Small Industries IT Business Association |
||
|
Whole sales |
Danish Chamber of Commerce |
|||
|
Health care |
Association of County Councils in Denmark Copenhagen Hospital Cooperation |
Danish Pharmaceutical Association |
||
|
Retail |
Danish Commerce and Service Association |
|||
|
Agriculture |
Agricultural Council of Denmark |
|||
|
Transportation & logistics |
DSB |
Danish Ship Owners' Association EDI Transport Denmark EAN-Denmark |
||
|
Construction & housing |
Danish Royal Palaces and Properties Agencies |
Danish Contractors' Association EDI-Byg (construction) |
||
|
Others |
Danish EDI Council Danish Data Association |
|||
|
Source: Ministry of Research and Information Technology, 1996 Legend: Players highlighted with italics are those associations which indicated that they supported the EDI Action Plan. The other players were 1sdirectly involved in formulating the EDI Action Plan. |
||||
|
Industry Sector/Segment Studies |
EDI Examples and Initiatives |
Sources |
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Governmental sector |
Health sector |
MedCom (Letter of
|
Johansen et al., 2002 |
|
Municipalities national government |
E-procurement |
Andersen and Juul, 2002 |
|
|
The financial sector |
Home- and officebanking Interbank clearing |
Bjørn-Andersen and Andersen (forthcoming) |
|
|
Industry |
Danish Association of Industries of Consumer Products (DLF) |
EDITEX |
Hørlck, 1996 Petersen et al., 2002 Andersen et al., 1999 |
|
Steel and machinery industry |
TradeDocument Project |
Henriksen, 2002 |
|
|
Textile and clothing industry |
Hjarup, 2001 |
||
|
Whole sales |
Steel and machinery |
TradeDocument Project |
Henriksen, 2002 |
|
Retail |
Grocery sector |
Damsgaard and Lyytinen, 2001 |
|
|
Suppliers to the retail sector |
Le@n |
Andersen et al., 1999 Juul and Andersen, 2001; Juul and Andersen, 2002 |
|
|
Transportation and logistics |
Falch, 1994 |
||