Chapter 5: Managing Exchange Servers
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| Chapter 5 - Managing Exchange Servers | |
| Monitoring and Managing Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server | |
| by Mike Daugherty | |
| Digital Press 2001 | |
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5.2 Managing Exchange services
Exchange 2000 is not a single, monolithic executable image running on your server. Instead, Exchange is a collection of cooperating services. Table 5.1 lists these Exchange 2000 services and the other prerequisite services that must also be running.
| Service | Function | Service Name /Executable | Requires these Services |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft Exchange Chat | Provides IRC-based chat collaboration. | MSExchangeChat | |
| Microsoft Exchange Conferencing | Maintains online conference schedules and controls associated technology providers. | MSExchangeCONF | |
| Microsoft Exchange Connectivity Controller | Provides support services for Microsoft Exchange connectors. | MSExchangeCoCo | Event Log Microsoft Exchange System Attendant |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus | Allows sharing of mail traffic with Lotus cc:Mail systems. | MSExchangeCCMC | Event Log Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus Notes | Allows sharing of mail traffic with Lotus Notes systems. | LME-NOTES | Event Log Microsoft Exchange Connectivity Controller Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Novell GroupWise | Allows sharing of mail traffic with Novell GroupWise systems. | LME-GWISE | Event Log Microsoft Exchange Connectivity Controller Microsoft Exchange Information Store Microsoft Exchange Router for Novell GroupWise |
| Microsoft Exchange Directory Synchronization | Synchronizes MS Mail directory with Active Directory. | MSExchangeDX | Microsoft Exchange MTA Stacks |
| Microsoft Exchange Event | Monitors folders and fires events, for Exchange 5.5- compatible server applications. | MSExchangeES | Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
| Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 | Provides IMAP4 services. | IMAP4Svc | IIS Admin Service Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
| Microsoft Exchange Information Store | Manages Information Storage. | MSExchangeIS | IIS Admin Service Microsoft Exchange System Attendant |
| Microsoft Exchange MTA Stacks | Provides X.400 services. | MSExchangeMTA | IIS Admin Service Microsoft Exchange System Attendant |
| Microsoft Exchange POP3 | Provides POP3 services. | POP3Svc | IIS Admin Service Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
| Microsoft Exchange Router for Novell GroupWise | Provides support for scheduling collaboration with Novell GroupWise systems. | MSExchangeGWRtr | Event Log |
| Microsoft Exchange Routing Engine | Processes routing information. | RESvc | IIS Admin Service |
| Microsoft Exchange Site Replication Service | Emulates Exchange 5.5 directory service. | MSExchangeSRS | |
| Microsoft Exchange System Attendant | Provides system related services for Microsoft Exchange. | MSExchangeSA | Event Log NT LM Security Support Provider Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Locator Server Workstation |
| Microsoft Exchange T.120 MCU Conferencing | Multipoint Control Unit for T.120 data conferencing clients . | MSExchangeT120 | |
| MS Mail Connector Interchange | Allows sharing of mail traffic with MS Mail systems. | MSExchangeMSMI | Event Log Microsoft Exchange MTA Stacks |
| MS Schedule Plus Free-Busy Connector | Allows sharing of Schedule+ Free/Busy information. | MSExchangeFB | Event Log Microsoft Exchange Information Store |
In addition to the Exchange services, several non-Exchange services are important for Exchange 2000. Some of these are listed in Table 5.2.
| Service | Function | Service Name/Executable | Requires these Services |
|---|---|---|---|
| IIS Admin Service | Allows administration of Web and FTP services through the Internet Information Services snap-in. | IISADMIN | Protected Storage Remote Procedure Call (RPC) |
| Microsoft Active Directory Connector | Replicates objects from the Exchange 5.5 directory into the Windows 2000 Active Directory for use by Exchange 2000. | MSADC | Event Log NT LM Security Support Provider Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Locator Server Workstation |
| Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP) | Transports network news across the network. | NntpSvc | IIS Admin Service |
| Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) | Transports electronic mail across the network. | SMTPSVC | IIS Admin Service |
5.2.1 Starting Exchange services
Certain Exchange services depend on other Exchange services. If these services are started out of order, the needed services will automatically be started. For example, if an attempt is made to start the Information Store before the System Attendant, the Windows 2000 service manager will automatically start the System Attendant. These prerequisite services are shown in Figure 5.4.
Figure 5.4: Exchange service dependencies
Figure 5.5: The Services dialog box
By default, most Exchange services are configured to automatically start when the server is rebooted. However, there may be times when the services will need to be started manually. You can use the following procedure to start the Exchange services.
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From the Windows 2000 Start menu by selecting Programs Administrative Tools Services (Figure 5.5).
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Right-click on the service you want to start, and select Start to start the service.
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Right-click on any other services you want to start, and select Start to start the service.
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Use the Windows 2000 Event Viewer to ensure that the services all started. You can start the Event Viewer by selecting Programs Administrative Tools Event Viewer from the Windows 2000 Start menu. Exchange 2000 events are listed in the Application Log. Table 5.3 contains a list of the event IDs that correspond to successful service startups .
| Service | Event Source | Event ID |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft Exchange Chat | MSExchangeChat | 8194 |
| Microsoft Exchange Conferencing | MSExchangeCONF | 8194 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connectivity Controller | MSExchangeCoCo | 8229 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus cc:Mail | MSExchangeCCMC | 3 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus Notes | MSExchangeNOTES | 8229 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Novell GroupWise | MSExchangeGWISE | 8229 |
| Microsoft Exchange Event | MSExchangeES |
|
| Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 | IMAP4Svc | 1033 |
| Microsoft Exchange Information Store | MSExchangeIS Mailbox | 9523 |
| MSExchangeIS Public | 9523 | |
| MSExchangeIS | 1001 | |
| Microsoft Exchange MTA Stacks | MSExchangeMTA | 9298 |
| Microsoft Exchange POP3 | POP3Svc | 1003 |
| Microsoft Exchange Router for Novell GroupWise | MSExchangeGWRtr | 6015 |
| Microsoft Exchange Routing Engine | MSExchangeTransport | 1005 |
| Microsoft Exchange System Attendant | MSExchangeSA | 9014 |
| Microsoft Exchange T.120 MCU Conferencing | MSExchangeT120 | 8194 |
| MS Mail Connector Interchange | MSExchangeMSMI | 2318 |
| MS Schedule Plus Free-Busy Connector | MSExchangeFB | 1000 |
If a service fails to start, wait a few minutes and try again. A common cause of failures is that the service is dependant upon another service that has not finished starting. Waiting a few minutes allows these services to finish. Check to ensure that all the necessary services have been started. Try to start the service several times before assuming failure.
Sometimes the Exchange server is simply in a state where a reboot is required, so reboot, and try again before assuming the service has failed. If all attempts to start the service fail, it may still be possible to run the service as an application. Running the service as an application also usually has the advantage of producing more detailed error reporting. This is an acceptable short- term solution while continuing to investigate the problem. The event log will record at least one event for any service start failures. The event will provide a starting point for troubleshooting.
A common cause for many service start failures is that the Exchange service account permissions cannot be validated . If the Microsoft Exchange Information Store service will not start, it may be in a state of recovery. A normal recovery takes from 5 to 50 minutes, depending on the number of log files. Check the event viewer to verify that recovery is taking place.
If the Microsoft Exchange System Attendant will not start, check the event viewer to make sure that the network and related services are working properly. The network services must be running before the System Attendant will start.
5.2.2 Stopping Exchange services
The Exchange services should be stopped cleanly if an Exchange server needs to be restarted. This will ensure that the Exchange databases are stopped properly and that the databases are left in a consistent state.
Because most Exchange services are dependant upon the Microsoft Exchange System Attendant, it is possible to quickly stop most Exchange services simply by stopping the System Attendant. However, if you are having system problems, stopping the services one at a time may help identify the source of the problem and may improve the possibility that the server will restart successfully.
Patience is important. The Information Store service must commit all outstanding transactions to the database. If a service such as the Information Store takes an unusually long time to stop, it is often difficult to tell if there is a problem or if the service simply needs more time to complete. You can use the Windows 2000 Performance Monitor to determine if the service is still attempting to stop or if it has encountered an unexpected error. If the process time for the service is non-zero , it is possible that the service is still attempting to stop and more patience is required. It is not uncommon for this to take as long as 30 minutes. If you prematurely abort a service stop or if the service hangs , the service will be left in an unknown state.
You can use the following procedure to stop Exchange services.
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From the Windows 2000 Start menu by selecting Programs Administrative Tools Services.
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Right-click on the service you want to stop, and select Stop to stop the service.
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Right-click on any other services you want to stop, and select Stop to stop the service.
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Use the Windows 2000 Event Viewer to ensure that the services all stopped. You can start the Event Viewer by selecting Programs Administrative Tools Event Viewer from the Windows 2000 Start menu. Exchange 2000 events are listed in the Application Log. Table 5.4 contains a list of the event IDs that correspond to successful service stop events.
| Service | Event Source | Event ID |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft Exchange Chat | MSExchangeChat | 8196 |
| Microsoft Exchange Conferencing | MSExchangeCONF | 8195 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connectivity Controller | MSExchangeCoCo | 8230 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus | MSExchangeCCMC | 4 |
| Microsoft Exchange Connector for Lotus Notes | MSExchangeNOTES | 8230 |
| Microsoft Exchange Directory Synchronization. | MSExchangeDX | 126 |
| Microsoft Exchange Event | MSExchangeES | 1 |
| Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 | IMAP4Svc | 1035 |
| Microsoft Exchange Information Store | MSExchangeIS Mailbox | 9539 |
| MSExchangeIS Public | 9539 | |
| Microsoft Exchange MTA Stacks | MSExchangeMTA | 9299 |
| Microsoft Exchange POP3 | POP3Svc | 1035 |
| Microsoft Exchange Router for Novell GroupWise | MSExchangeGWRtr | 6016 |
| Microsoft Exchange Routing Engine | MSExchangeTransport | 1004 |
| Microsoft Exchange System Attendant | MSExchangeSA | 9072 |
| Microsoft Exchange T.120 MCU Conferencing | MSExchangeT120 | 8197 |
| MS Mail Connector Interchange | MSExchangeMSMI | 2319 |
| MS Schedule Plus Free-Busy Connector | MSExchangeFB | 1001 |
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