Security Center

With the onslaught of spam and malicious viruses and other code, Microsoft realized that XP users needed a single place to turn to for monitoring and controlling their systems' security. True, XP already incorporated an Internet firewall and the Windows Update technology. And true also, various anti-viral programs such as Norton and McAfee were available from third parties. The problem is that too many users got lost poking around Windows to make adjustments to each of these services. Many purchased third-party firewalls, not knowing one was built into XP. (Admittedly, however, Norton's and Zone Alarm's firewalls have more features.) The Security Center applet was added as an antidote for this shortfall. When opened from Control Panel, it appears as shown in Figure 24.9.

Figure 24.9. The Security Center provides central access to firewall, Windows updates, and virus protection settings.

Notice that handy links are also provided for other security concerns such as Internet security (usually only reachable from the Internet Options applet, or the Tools menu in Internet Explorer), and there's a link also to the System applet. As we mentioned earlier in this chapter, you'll find coverage of Firewall and Auto Updates in other chapters. Virus protection is not provided by Microsoft with XP. Maybe in the future it will be, in Microsoft's inimitable style of co-opting other non-MS technologies. In the meantime, click on the Recommendations button should you desire anti-viral protection. You'll be led by the hand to sites where purchasing of third-party applications will be made easy for you. Once you install an anti-virus program, you most likely can alter its settings through this control panel interface. As the dialog box states, however, not all programs will be recognized by Windows. If yours isn't, then you'll have to resort to the anti-virus program interface to make adjustments.

Sounds and Audio Devices

The Sounds and Audio Devices applet is your stopping place when it comes to adjustments to your sound system and the sounds the computer makes to alert you of errors, new mail, and so on.

NOTE

As you might know, you adjust the volume of your computer speakers (and other inputs and outputs) by choosing Start, All Programs, Accessories, Entertainment, Volume Control. Alternatively, you can simply double-click the little speaker next to the clock in the system tray. By single-clicking the same little speaker, you can quickly adjust the master volume control. The Volume Controls are covered in Chapter 5, "Using the Simple Supplied Applications."

There's a bunch of fun to be had from this applet, should you like to twiddle with your sounds. Most of what people do with this applet is change the goofy sounds their computers make in response to specific events.

If your computer had a sound card (or motherboard-based sound chipset) when you installed Windows XP, it's likely Windows established a default set of rather boring sounds for your system, most of which you've probably grown tired of already. Aside from making life more interesting, having different sounds for different types of events is also more informative. You know when you've made an error as opposed to when an application is acknowledging your actions, for example.

The sounds the system uses are stored on disk in the .WAV format. You can create, purchase, or download just about any sound you can think of from the Internet. I downloaded the sound of Homer Simpson saying "Doh!" and the theme from the original TV show Star Trek the other day, for example.

You can use the Sound Recorder accessory program to create your own WAV files, if you care to. To learn more about it, p. 178 .

The Volume Tab

The Volume tab is used to set the master volume. This is the same master volume control which appears in the Volume Control tool and when you single-click the speaker in the system tray. Clicking the Advanced button opens the Volume Control tool so you can access all of the input and output audio controls.

Also on this tab are speaker controls. If you have a special speaker system, such as surround sound or 3-D audio, these controls help you fine-tune your settings.

The Sounds Tab

The Sounds tab is used to associate Windows events with sounds. Windows XP comes with tons of sound files, a big improvement over the measly assemblage of WAV files supplied with some earlier versions of Windows. In fact, just as with the color schemes, you can create and save sound schemes by using the Control Panel's Display applet (covered in Chapter 23); you can set up and save personalized schemes to suit your mood. Microsoft supplies a fairly rich variety of sounds for your auditory pleasure .

Despite the diverse selection, I still use a few of the sounds I've put together using the Sound Recorder. I have one, for example, that says "New Mail" when I receive email. Sometimes I didn't notice the generic "boop" sound when new mail arrived, so I changed it.

If you want to get fancy, you can record from a CD or tape recorder rather than from a microphone. This way, you can sample bits and pieces from your favorite artists by popping the audio CD into the computer and tapping directly into it rather than by sticking a microphone up in front of your boom box and accidentally recording the telephone when it rings. Just check out the Volume Control applet, and figure out which slider on the mixer panel controls the input volume of the CD. Then use the Sound Recorder applet to make the recording. I have a few good ones, such as James Brown's incomparable "Ow!" for an error message sound.

TIP

You should make sure that WAV files you intend for system sounds aren't too large. Sound files can be super large, especially if they are recorded in 16-bit stereo. As a rule, you should keep the size to a minimum for system sounds because it takes a few seconds for a larger sound to load and play.

You assign sounds to specific Windows "events" like this:

1.	Open the Control Panel, and run the Sounds and Audio Devices applet. Select the Sounds tab, as shown in Figure 24.10. Figure 24.10. The Sounds and Audio Devices Properties dialog box, Sounds tab.
2.	The Program Events section lists the events that can have sounds associated with them. Several classes of events are listed on a typical computer, such as Windows, NetMeeting, Windows Explorer, and so on. As you purchase and install new programs in the future, those programs may add their own events to your list. An event with a speaker icon next to it already has a sound associated with it. You can click it and then click the play button (the one with the triangle pointing right, just like the play button on a VCR or stereo) to hear the sound. The sound file that's associated with the event is listed in the Sounds box.
3.	Click any event for which you want to assign a sound or change the assigned sound.
4.	Open the drop-down Sounds list, and choose the WAV file you want to use for that event. Some of the event names may not make sense to you, such as Asterisk, Critical Stop, or Exclamation. These names are for the various classes of dialog boxes that Windows XP displays from time to time. The sounds you're most likely to hear often will be Default Beep, Menu Command, New Mail Notification, Question, Open Program, Close Program, Minimize, Maximize, and Close program. You might want to start by assigning sounds to them and then add others as you feel like it.
5.	Repeat these steps for each item you want to assign or reassign a sound to. Then click OK to close the dialog box.

TIP

The default folder for sounds is \windows\media. If you have a WAV file stored in another folder and want to assign it to an event, use the Browse button to locate it. You don't have to move your sound files to the \windows\media folder for it to work. However, if you're planning on reassigning sounds regularly, you'll find that the process is easier if you move your WAV files into the media folder first.

At the top of the list of available sounds is an option called <none>, which has the obvious effect: No sound will occur for that event. Assigning all events to <none> effectively silences your laptop for use in a library or other silent setting. You can also silence all sounds easily by choosing the No Sounds sound scheme as explained next.

In the same way that the Display Properties page lets you save color schemes, the Sounds and Audio Devices applet lets you save sound schemes. You can set up goofy sounds for your humorous moods and somber ones for those gloomy days. I often tire of a sound scheme, so I have a few setups that I can easily switch to. The ones supplied with Windows XP are pretty decent, actually, and considering the amount of work required to set up your own schemes, you'll probably make out best just trying a scheme to see if you like it. To choose an existing sound scheme, just use the Sound scheme pull-down list and select one.

You can set up your own sound schemes by assigning or reassigning individual sounds, as I've already explained. But unless you save the scheme with the Save As button, it'll be lost the next time you change to a new one. So, the moral is that after you get your favorite sounds assigned to system events, save the scheme. Then you can call it up any time you like.

The Audio and Voice Tabs

On both the Audio and Voice tabs, you can declare the default hardware you want to use for audio playback, recording, MIDI playback, voice playback, and voice recording. Most systems offer minimal choices in these departments because typical computers have only a single sound system. You might find something strange in the sound playback and recording settings, such as the option to use your modem for these purposes (if your modem has voice messaging capability). Don't bother trying to use your modem for voice messaging unless you have multiple sound cards in the computer.

The Advanced buttons for these categories could be useful, however, depending on your sound system's chipset. Some offer options to adjust bass and treble; expanded stereo ( sort of a wider sound based on adjustment of the "phase" of the signal going to the amplifier ); sample-rate conversion options; equalization optimization based on the kind of speakers you have; and hardware acceleration (use full acceleration if you're a gamer because it affects DirectSound used in some games ).

The Use Only Default Devices option determines which sound card or cards your programs will use. If you use programs that require a specific type of sound card, and that sound card is selected as a default device on this tab, select this check box. That way, if for some reason your preferred devices aren't available, the program doesn't bomb or freak out by trying to use a sound card that Windows thinks is a reasonable replacement. For any situation I've been in, leaving the check box cleared has never been a problem.

The Hardware Tab

The Hardware tab of the Sounds and Audio Devices Properties dialog simply lists all the sound, video, DVD, and other multimedia hardware items currently installed. You can check their properties and current status, as well as troubleshoot them. You can get to the same properties dialog boxes offered here via the Device Manager, but this tab limits the device list only to multimedia- related hardware.

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Cowart R., Knittel B.

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