Copyright

Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals.

Novell is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. SUSE is a registered trademark of SUSE LINUX AG, a Novell business. Red Hat is a registered trademark of Red Hat, Inc. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.

The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Linux troubleshooting for system administrators and power users / James Kirkland . . . [et al.].

     p. cm.

  ISBN 0-13-185515-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Linux. 2. Operating systems (Computers) I. Kirkland, James.

  QA76.76.O63L54875 2006

  005.4'32dc22
                                                        2006000036

Copyright^© 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to:

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     One Lake Street
     Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
     Fax: [phone]

Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at R.R. Donnelley in Crawfordsville, IN.

First printing, May 2006

Dedication

To Kristine: Without your love and support, this book never would have happened. To my father and mother, for not killing me when I deserved it and loving me when I didn't.

James

Stephanie, thank you for your effort and sacrifice, which made this book possible. You remind me every day how strong our love is by the things you do. Sarah and Shannon, thanks for being such sweet daughters and understanding when daddy had so much homework. Mom and Dad, thanks for buying me that Vic 20 back in high school to get me started.

Dave

Bonnie, my love, thank you for your understanding, sacrifice, and "word-smith" brilliance without which I would still be sitting under that tree in the back yard trying to figure out how to make task_struct flow into a discussion of threads. Steve, Robert, and Greg, you guys are the best. Mom and Dad, thanks for the love you've shown and the incredible work ethic that you have instilled.

Chris

Kristen, thank you for giving up so many weekends in order to make this effort successful. I also wish to thank my parents and brothers Robert Jr., Steve, and Chris, for being understanding as I missed several family outings in 2005 while working on this endeavor.

Greg