Appendix B

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Lange Cardiovascular Physiology > Appendix B >

Normal Constituents of Adult Human Plasma

Normal Constituents of Adult Human Plasma

Class	Constituent	Amount/normal concentration range
Electrolytes (inorganic)
Cations	Sodium (Na+)	136 145 mEq/L
	Potassium (K+)	3.5 5.0 mEq/L
	Calcium (Ca2+)	4.3 5.2 mEq/L
	Magnesium (Mg2+)	1.2 1.8 mEq/L
	Iron (Fe3+)	60 160 g/dL
	Copper (Cu2+)	70 155 g/dL
	Hydrogen (H+)	35 45 nmol/L (pH = 7.35 7.45)
Anions	Chloride (Cl )	98 106 mEq/L
	Bicarbonate (HCO3 )	23 28 mEq/L
	Lactate	0.67 1.8 mEq/L
	Sulfate (SO42 )	0.9 1.1 mEq/L
	Phosphate (HPO42 mostly)	3.0 4.5 mg/dL
Proteins	Total (7% of plasma weight)	6 8g/dL
	Albumin	3.4 5.0 g/dL
	Globulins	2.2 4.0 g/dL
	Fibrinogen	0.3 g/dL
Nutrients	Glucose	80 120 mg/dL
	Total amino acids	40 mg/dL
	Cholesterol	150 200 mg/dL
	Phospholipids	150 220 mg/dL
	Triglycerides	35 160 mg/dL
Waste products	Uric acid (from nucleic acids)	2.6 7.2 mg/dL
	Blood urea nitrogen (from protein)	8 25 mg/dL
	Creatinine (from creatine)	0.2 0.9 mg/dL
	Bilirubin (from heme)	0.1 1.2 mg/dL

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