P

pack command, 339–340, 553

Packages, Java, 742–743

pager program, 85

PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules), 194

Panels

CDE, 192, 194

GNOME, 166

KDE, 192

Panther (Mac OS X), 23

Parent directory, specifying, 59–60

Parent process, explained, 306, 309

Parentheses

for grouping commands, 611–612

with Python variables, 679

Partitions, disk, 403

Pass phrase, explained, 343

passwd command, 45, 379–381, 396

passwd file (/etc/passwd), 332–335

root in, 333

system login names, 333

Password aging, 396

Password files, 332–336

Password-protected web pages, 474–475

Password security

HP-UX, 335–336

UNIX system login, 42

Passwords, 379–381

aging, 381

lost, 380–381

UNIX system login, 41–42

paste command, 559–560

patch command, 567

Pathnames, 59

Pattern matching, in awk, 622–626

PC. See Windows PC

pdksh shell, 94

PDP-7 (DEC), 9

per -p command, 658

Peripheral device, explained, 427

Perl (scripting language), 643–673

@_ array, 657

$_ variable, 655

array slices, 651

arrays and lists, 649–651

CGI scripting, 667–668

chomp command, 649–650

comparison operators, 654

control structures, 653–656

escape sequences, 647

file I/O, 657–660

for loops, 656

foreach loops, 656

hashes (associative arrays), 652–653, 655

if statements, 653–654

iterating through hashes, 655

modifying arrays, 650–651

number functions, 645–646

obtaining, 643

opening command pipes, 659

opening files, 658–659

reading and printing arrays, 650

regular expressions, 661–667

return keyword, 657

scalar variables, 645–649

sorting arrays, 651

special characters, 672

standard I/O, 657

strings, 646–648

sub keyword, 656

troubleshooting, 669–671

user-defined procedures, 656–657

variable scope, 648

variable substitution, 647

variables from standard input, 648

while loops, 655

working with files, 659–660

writing to files, 659

Perl CGI.pm module, 818–819

perl command, 644

Perl functions, 654

delete, 653

index and rindex, 647

keys, 653

length, 647

pop and push, 650

shift and unshift, 651

substr, 647–648

table of, 672

values, 653

Perl modules, 667, 818–819

Perl scripts, running, 644

Perl syntax, 644–645

perl -v command, 643

Permissions, 80–85

absolute, 82–83

file, 80–83

file group, 83

setting with chmod, 81–83

setting with umask, 83–84

types of, 81

used for anonymous FTP, 492

user and group, 328–331

Permuted indexes, 841–843

pg command, 85

PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), 341–348

advanced features, 346

configuring, 343

file decryption, 345–346

file encryption, 345

key rings and key servers, 343–345

obtaining and installing, 342

PHP language, 822–827

browser detection with, 825

configuring Apache support for, 477–478

MySQL and, 825–827

remote IP detection with, 823

PHP source code

configuring, 476–477

obtaining, 476

pico editor, 133, 160–162

exiting, 162

obtaining, 162

starting, 161

startup screen, 162

PID (process ID), 105, 315, 394

Apache main, 463

explained, 307

number assignment, 307

Pine (program for Internet news and email), 230–234

configuring, 232–234

obtaining, 230

reading mail with, 230–231

remote mail with, 234

sending mail with, 231–232

Pine address book, 232

Pine menu, 231

ping command, 264–266, 493–494

Pipe symbol (|), 86, 100, 586

Pipelines, opening in Python, 693

Pipes, 8,10, 86, 99–101, 614

opening in Perl, 659

in UNIX vs. DOS, 527

Piping output of one command to another, 100

pkgadd command, 368, 487

Plaintext, explained, 336

Plug-ins, 294–295

Pnews, 284

pop function (Perl), 650

Port monitor configuration, 428–429

Portability, UNIX, 5

Ports, 383, 427–429

Positional parameters, 593–595

POSIX standards, 15

POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface), 15

PostgreSQL, 768

Powering up the system, 369–370

poweroff command, 52

PPID (parent process ID), 315

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), 268, 499–500

pppd (PPP daemon), 499

PPPoE, 268

pr (print) command, 570–571

Preprocessor, of gcc compiler, 708

Previous directory, moving to, 67–68

print command

in awk, 635–636

in Perl, 659

Print jobs, canceling, 91

Print servers, 441–443

Print spooling, 89–90

print statement, in Python, 679–680

Print system, monitoring, 90–91

printcap file, 443

Printers

sending output to, 89

setting up, 383, 385–386

specifying, 89

using CUPS to administer, 386

printf command, in awk, 635

Printing

from GNOME, 187–188

from KDE, 221

Printing command output, 90

Printing files, 88–91

Printing menus using select, 606–607

Printing strings in Python, 679–680

printmgr, 443

priocntl -d command, 322–323

priocntl -e command, 322

priocntl -l command, 323–324

priocntl -s command, 321

Private variables in Java, 738

Procedural programming language, 729

Procedures, Perl user-defined, 656–657

Process priorities, 313–317, 321

Process priority class, 322–323

Process priority class and limits, 323–324

Process scheduling, 309–313, 431–432

parameters, 431–432

prioritizing, 313–317

Process signals, 308

Processes, 305–325

checking currently running, 393–394

creating daemons from, 313

displaying all running, 316–317

executing prioritized, 322

explained, 305

killing, 307–309

life stages of, 306

nice value of, 313–314

priority classes of, 320–321

priority index, 313

real-time, 320–324

profile file (/etc/profile), 377–378

.profile files, 377–378, 526

Project management (KDE), 214

Project Management tool (GNOME), 184

Prompts

secondary, 101

UNIX system default, 43–44

Protocols (networking), explained, 248

Proxy monitors, explained, 518

Proxy servers, 514, 517–518

Proxy service, explained, 517

Proxy/firewall machine, 514

ps (process status) command, 306–308, 315–317

ps -e command, 317

ps -ef command, 393–394

ps -l command, 316

ptx command, 843

Public domain software, 756

Public-key cryptography, 513

Public key server, 344

Public variables in Java, 738

Puma (Mac OS X), 23

Purify tool, 726

push function (Perl), 650

put command, 258–259

pwd (present working directory) command, 66–67

Python (scripting language), 675–702

comparison operators, 686

control structures, 685–687

creating classes, 696–697

exceptions, 697–698

file I/O, 689–690

files, 689–690, 692

for loops, 686

if statements, 685–686

installing, 675

interacting with UNIX System, 692–693

I/O, 688–692

list slices, 682–683

lists, 682–683

numbers and math operations, 677–679

opening pipelines, 693

regular expressions, 693–696

running UNIX commands, 692–693

standard input, 688–689

standard input/output/error, 690–691

strings, 679–682

sys module, 690–691

troubleshooting, 698–700

user-defined functions, 687–688

using command-line options, 692

variable assignment, 678

variable initialization, 678

variable scope, 687–688

variables, 677–685

while loops, 686–687

Python CGI form, 821

python commands, 676

Python keywords, table of, 701

Python modules, 677, 701

Python syntax, 676–677

python -V command, 675