Section B.3. Aural Styles | Web Design in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (In a Nutshell (OReilly))

B.3. Aural Styles

Note that aural styles are only "informative" in CSS 2.1.

azimuth

Specifies the horizontal angle from which a sound should seem to emanate.

Values:

 <angle> | [[ left-side | far-left | left | center-left | center | center-right | right | far-right | right-side ] || behind ] | leftwards | rightwards | inherit

Initial value:

 center

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

Normalized angle.

cue

Shorthand property for specifying cue-before and cue-after.

Values:

 [ <'cue-before'> || <'cue-after'> ] | inherit

Initial value:

See individual properties.

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Computed value:

See individual properties.

cue-after

Specifies an auditory icon to play after the element content.

Values:

 <uri> | none | inherit

Initial value:

 none

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Computed value:

Absolute URI or none.

cue-before

Specifies an auditory icon to play before the element content.

Values:

 <uri> | none | inherit

Initial value:

 none

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Computed value:

Absolute URI or none.

elevation

Specifies the vertical angle from which a sound should seem to emanate.

Values:

 <angle> | below | level | above | higher | lower | inherit

Initial value:

 level

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

Normalized angle.

pause

Specifies a pause to be observed before or after an element (or both).

Values:

 [ [<time> | <percentage>]{1,2} ] | inherit

Initial value:

See individual properties.

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Percentages:

Refers to the inverse of the value of the speech-rate property.

Computed value:

Time.

pause-after

Specifies a pause to be observed after an element.

Values:

 <time> | <percentage> | inherit

Initial value:

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Percentages:

Refers to the inverse of the value of the speech-rate property.

Computed value:

Time.

pause-before

Specifies a pause to be observed before an element.

Values:

 <time> | <percentage> | inherit

Initial value:

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Percentages:

Refers to the inverse of the value of the speech-rate property.

Computed value:

Time.

pitch

Specifies the average pitch (a frequency) of the speaking voice.

Values:

 <frequency> | x-low | low | medium | high | x-high | inherit

Initial value:

 medium

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

Frequency.

pitch-range

Specifies variation in average pitch, i.e., how much the fundamental frequency may deviate from the average pitch.

Values:

 <number> | inherit

Initial value:

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

play-during

Specifies a sound to be played as a background while an element's content is spoken.

Values:

 <uri> [ mix || repeat ]? | auto | none | inherit

Initial value:

 auto

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

No.

Computed value:

Absolute URI; rest as specified.

richness

Specifies the richness, or brightness, of the speaking voice. A rich voice will "carry" in a large room, a smooth voice will not.

Values:

 <number> | inherit

Initial value:

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

speak

Specifies how and whether an element's contents will be audibly rendered.

Values:

 normal | none | spell-out | inherit

Initial value:

 normal

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

speak-header

Specifies whether the content of table headers is spoken before every cell or only when the header changes.

Values:

 once | always | inherit

Initial value:

 once

Applies to:

Elements containing table header information.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

speak-numeral

Specifies how numbers are spoken.

Values:

 digits | continuous | inherit

Initial value:

 continuous

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

speak-punctuation

Specifies how punctuation is spoken.

Values:

 code | none | inherit

Initial value:

 none

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

speech-rate

Specifies the average rate at which words are spoken.

Values:

 <number> | x-slow | slow | medium | fast | x-fast | faster | slower | inherit

Initial value:

 medium

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

An absolute number.

stress

Specifies the height of "local peaks" in the intonation contour of a voice.

Values:

 <number> | inherit

Initial value:

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

voice-family

Specifies a list of voice families that can be used in the audio rendering of an element's content (comparable to font-family). The generic voices are male, female, and child.

Values:

 [[<specific-voice> | <generic-voice> ],]* [<specific-voice> | <generic-voice> ] | inherit

Initial value:

Depends on user agent.

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.

volume

Specifies the median volume level.

Values:

 <number> | <percentage> | silent | x-soft | soft | medium | loud | x-loud | inherit

Initial value:

 medium

Applies to:

All elements.

Inherited:

Yes.

Computed value:

As specified.