This book was written with the beginner to intermediate PHP programmer in mind, and as such a good understanding of PHP is assumed throughout the book. That being said, complicated concepts or code examples that make use of PHP's more arcane features are explained carefully.
Both feeds and APIs communicate primarily in XML, so a good understanding of XML would be beneficial. XML is introduced and discussed in Chapter 2; you may want to read that section before proceeding elsewhere if you have not previously examined XML.