Windows Server 2003

Windows installs on an Integrity server just as it would on any other system. As with Linux, you select Removable Media and walk through the familiar Windows installation process so I won't cover installing Windows in this section. There are, however, some interesting aspects to running Windows on an HP Integrity server that are covered in this section. The first is Special Administration Console (SAC) which is covered in the next section. There are also some interesting configuration topics covered under Installing and Configuring NetRAID that include installing drivers and setting up storage on Integrity servers using the Itanium configuration DVD.

The following section covers SAC.

Special Administration Console (SAC)

Special Administration Console (SAC) is a command-line environment on Windows Server 2003. It provides a set of commands that can be used to perform many functions such as viewing and ending processes and working with the IP addresses of systems. It is separate from the Windows command line environment and can be used for remote management. SAC is part of Emergency Management Services, which must be enabled to use SAC.

SAC is available early in the boot process. You can use it to assist with management during normal system operation as well as in Safe Mode. Safe mode is a way of starting Windows using only the basic elements of the operating system. You can use the F8 key when the system starts to go into safe mode. In the examples, you'll use SAC in normal operation and on the system console.

SAC provides a set of commands you can use to perform a number of management tasks that help return your system to a normally functioning state. These tasks include:

• Viewing a list of processes.

• Ending processes.

• Setting or viewing the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the server.

• Generating a Stop error to create a memory dump file.

• Starting and accessing command prompts.

• Restarting the server.

• Shutting down the server.

This section provides examples of issuing some basic commands in SAC on an Integrity system. Table 13-1 is a list of some of the SAC commands available at the time of this writing.

Table 13-1. SAC Commands and Descriptions

Command	Description
ch	Lists all channels. Use ch -? for help.
cmd	Creates Windows command-prompt channels. To use a command-prompt channel, you must provide valid logon credentials. You must log on to each command-prompt instance.
crashdump	Crashes the system. You must have crash dump enabled.
d	Deletes the current kernel log.
f	Toggles the information output by the t-list command, which shows processes only, or shows processes and threads
I	If no parameters are passed, this command lists Internet Protocol (IP) information. You can configure IP parameters to display or set the IP address, subnet mask, and gateway of a given network interface device by providing the network number, IP address, and subnet information. To do so, use the following format: <network#><IPaddress><subnet>
Id	Displays identification information about the server.
k <PID>	Ends the given process. PID is the process identification number you specify.
l <PID>	Lowers the priority of a process (and any associated child processes) to the lowest possible level.
lock	Restricts access to Emergency Management Services command-prompt channels. You must provide valid logon credentials to unlock a channel.
m <PID> <MB-allow>	Limits the memory usage of a process (and any associated child processes) to a specified number of megabytes. MB is the number of megabytes you specify.
p	Causes t-list command output to pause after displaying one full screen of information.
r	Restarts the computer.
s	If no parameters are passed, this command displays the current date using the 24-hour clock format. You can set the system time by providing the date and, optionally, the time in this format: mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm.
shutdown	Initiates a shutdown.
t	Lists the currently running processes and threads.
help or ?	Lists the available commands.

These commands are issued at the SAC> prompt. You can also set up the channels, which are direct connections to the Windows operating system specified by user and domain. SAC is also a channel. You can switch between these channels to perform your work. Table 13-2 shows some commonly used channel-related commands.

Table 13-2. Channel-Related Commands and Descriptions

Command	Description
ch	Lists all channels.
ch -si <n>	Changes to the channel n.
ch -sn <name>	Changes to the channel name.
ch -ci <n>	Closes the channel with the channel n.
ch -cn <name>	Closes the channel n.
ch -k <name>	Ends the channel name.
<Esc><Tab>	Changes channels.
<Esc><Tab>0	Returns to the SAC channel.
ch -?	Displays help information for channel management commands.

The following example shows issuing the t command that lists all processes and threads that are currently running:

 SAC> t memory: 2096632 kb  uptime:  0  0:08:35.990 PageFile: \??\C:\pagefile.sys         Current Size: 2095104 kb  Total Used:   7584 kb   Peak Used   8768 kb  Memory:2096632K Avail:1749752K  TotalWs: 284936K InRam Kernel: 4096K P:11800K  Commit: 304904K/ 229384K Limit:4041240K Peak: 407112K  Pool N:21968K P:12200K ----Press <Enter> for more----     User Time   Kernel Time    Ws   Faults  Commit Pri Hnd Thd  Pid Name                             38072    14813                          File Cache   0:00:00.000   0:16:46.720    40        0       0  0    0   2    0 Idle Process   0:00:00.000   0:00:07.980   304     3890       96  8  202  55    4 System   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.040  1184      308      408 11   17   3  336 smss.exe   0:00:00.430   0:00:03.810  6352     2585     1560 13  334  10  384 csrss.exe   0:00:00.270   0:00:00.370  4008    4326     8688 13  428  20  548 winlogon.exe   0:00:00.340   0:00:00.620 17984    4747     9312  9  363  18  592 services.exe   0:00:00.200   0:00:00.210 21584     2933    14032  9  350  23  604 lsass.exe   0:00:00.070   0:00:00.050  8256     1101     2208  8  193  10  756 svchost.exe   0:00:00.020   0:00:00.050 10832     1404     3168  8  134  16  808 svchost.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.030  9960     1296     5024  8  107   7 1004 svchost.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.010  5832      737     1288  8   81   5 1064 svchost.exe ----Press <Enter> for more----     User Time   Kernel Time    Ws   Faults   Commit Pri Hnd Thd  Pid Name   0:00:01.250   0:00:00.960 41536    18005   150408  8 1017  47 1076 svchost.exe   0:00:00.070   0:00:00.060 14288     1880     7528  8  136  11 1240 spoolsv.exe   0:00:00.040   0:00:00.050 12960     1677     3584  8  169  24 1272 msdtc.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.020  8104     1058     1808  8   88   9 1416 llssrv.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.010  3528      452      688  8   35   2 1460 svchost.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.020  8672     1132     2312  8   77   9 1584 dfssvc.exe   0:00:01.140   0:00:02.150 36552   23669     9400  8  315  10 1912 explorer.exe   0:00:00.220   0:00:00.080 13368    1831     3040  8  156   6  456 wmiprvse.exe   0:00:00.020   0:00:00.040 11080    1526     3384  8  113   6  492 wmiprvse.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.040 10440     1436     1448  8   72   5 1000 msiexec.exe 

In the previous listing, information was displayed in pages and you hit Enter in order to view the next page of information. Next, you'll use r to raise the priority of process 1912 by one level from 8 to 9 and rerun t to view the new level of 1912:

 SAC> r 1912 SAC successfully raised the process priority. SAC> t memory: 2096632 kb  uptime:  0  0:10:19.010 PageFile: \??\C:\pagefile.sysfile.sys         Current Size: 2095104 kb  Total Used:   7584 kb   Peak Used   8768 kb  Memory:2096632K Avail:1751888K  TotalWs: 284424K InRam Kernel: 4096K P:11800K  Commit: 304400K/ 229072K Limit:4041240K Peak: 407112K  Pool N:21944K P:12208K ----Press <Enter> for more----     User Time   Kernel Time    Ws   Faults  Commit Pri Hnd Thd  Pid Name                             37624    14825                          File Cache   0:00:00.000   0:20:12.080    40       0       0  0    0   2    0 Idle Process   0:00:00.000   0:00:08.660   304     3890      96  8  202  55    4 System   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.040  1184      308     408 11   17   3  336 smss.exe   0:00:00.430   0:00:03.810  6352     2585    1560 13  331  10  384 csrss.exe   0:00:00.270   0:00:00.370  4008    4326    8688 13  428  20  548 winlogon.exe   0:00:00.340   0:00:00.620 17984    4747    9312  9  363  18  592 services.exe   0:00:00.200   0:00:00.210 21560     2933   13912  9  346  22  604 lsass.exe   0:00:00.070   0:00:00.050  8256     1101    2208  8  181  10  756 svchost.exe   0:00:00.020   0:00:00.050 10832     1404    3168  8  134  16  808 svchost.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.030  9960     1299    4936  8  105   6 1004 svchost.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.010  5832      737    1288  8   81   5 1064 svchost.exe ----Press <Enter> for more----     User Time   Kernel Time    Ws   Faults  Commit Pri Hnd Thd  Pid Name   0:00:01.250   0:00:00.960 41504    18023  150312  8 1012  46 1076 svchost.exe   0:00:00.070   0:00:00.060 14288     1880    7528  8  135  11 1240 spoolsv.exe   0:00:00.040   0:00:00.050 12960     1677    3584  8  169  24 1272 msdtc.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.020  8104     1058    1808  8   88   9 1416 llssrv.exe   0:00:00.000   0:00:00.010  3528      452     688  8   35   2 1460 svchost.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.020  8672     1132    2312  8   77   9 1584 dfssvc.exe   0:00:01.140   0:00:02.150 36544   23669    9392  9  305  10 1912 explorer.exe   0:00:00.220   0:00:00.080 13368    1835    3040  8  152   6  456 wmiprvse.exe   0:00:00.020   0:00:00.040 11080    1526    3384  8  109   6  492 wmiprvse.exe   0:00:00.010   0:00:00.040 10440     1436    1448  8   72   5 1000 msiexec.exe SAC> 

The Pri of process 1912 was indeed raised from 8 to 9.

Using the command prompt channel, you can issue many that help you gather useful information about your system. In the following listing, we'll create a channel with cmd, view the available channels with ch, and then connect to channel 1 with ch -si 1:

 SAC> cmd The Command Prompt session was successfully launched. SAC> EVENT:   A new channel has been created.  Use "ch -?" for channel help. Channel: Cmd0008 SAC> ch Channel List (Use "ch -?" for information on using channels) # Status  Channel Name 0 (AV)    SAC 1 (AR)    Cmd0008 SAC> ch -si 1 <channel-switch> <name>Cmd0008</name> <description>Command Prompt</description> <type>VT-UTF8</type> <guid>e560802d-6ebd-11d7-af15-505054503030</guid> <application-type>63d02271-8aa4-11d5-bccf-00b0d014a2d0</application-type> </channel-switch> Name:                  Cmd0008 Description:           Command Prompt Type:                  VT-UTF8 Channel GUID:          e560802d-6ebd-11d7-af15-505054503030 Application Type GUID: 63d02271-8aa4-11d5-bccf-00b0d014a2d0 Press <esc><tab> for next channel. Press <esc><tab>0 to return to the SAC channel. Use any other key to view this channel. 

Now that we're connected to the channel, we can log in to it by specifying a Username, Domain, and Password, as shown below:

 Please enter login credentials. Username: Administrator Domain  : hp Password: ** Microsoft Windows [Version 5.2.3663] (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp. C:\WINDOWS\system32> 

Now that you're logged in, you can run Windows commands. The following example shows running diskpart and viewing help and various disk details:

 C:\WINDOWS\system32> diskpart Microsoft DiskPart version 5.2.3663 Copyright (C) 1999-2001 Microsoft Corporation. On computer: ITANIUM DISKPART> help ACTIVE      - Marks the current basic partition as an active boot               partition. ASSIGN      - Assign a drive letter or mount point to the selected               volume. BREAK       - Break a mirror set. CLEAN       - Clear the configuration information, or all                  information, off of the disk. CONVERT     - Converts between different disk formats. CREATE      - Create a volume or partition. DELETE      - Delete an object. DETAIL      - Provide details about an object. EXIT        - Exit diskpart. EXTEND      - Extend a volume. HELP        - Prints a list of commands. IMPORT      - Imports a disk group. INACTIVE    - Marks the current basic partition as a inactive. LIST        - Prints out a list of objects. ONLINE      - Online a disk that is currently marked as offline. REM         - Does nothing. Used to comment scripts. REMOVE      - Remove a drive letter or mount point assignment. REPAIR      - Repair a RAID-5 volume. RESCAN      - Rescan the computer looking for disks and volumes. RETAIN      - Place a retainer partition under a simple volume. SELECT      - Move the focus to an object. DISKPART> list disk   Disk ###  Status      Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt   --------  ----------  -------  -------  ---  ---   Disk 0    Online        68 GB  5337 KB        * DISKPART> C:\WINDOWS\system32> DISKPART> select disk 0 Disk 0 is now the selected disk. DISKPART> detail disk HP 73.4G ST373453LC SCSI Disk Device Disk ID: A1EF40E0-0295-01C3-A1F4-04622FD5EC6D Type   : Unknown Bus    : 2 Target : 2 LUN ID : 0 Volume ###  Ltr   Label   Fs   Type        Size     Status     Info ---------- --- ------- ------- -------   -------  ---------  --------   Volume      0     C     NTFS  Partition  68 GB    Healthy    Boot DISKPART> exit Leaving DiskPart... C:\WINDOWS\system32> 

In the previous example, you have one disk that you selected and on which you viewed details.

On a system with a NetRAID controller and multiple disks, we'll see more entries. The following example shows running diskpart on a system with several disks:

 DISKPART> list disk   Disk ###  Status      Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt   --------  ----------  -------  -------  ---  ---   Disk 0    Online        68 GB      0 B        *   Disk 1    Online       137 GB  2015 KB        *   Disk 2    Online       137 GB  2015 KB        * DISKPART> select disk 1 Disk 1 is now the selected disk. DISKPART> detail disk HPNetRD  LD 1 NetRAID SCSI Disk Device Disk ID: C4837A41-800D-11D7-8DD2-505054503030 Type   : Unknown Bus    : 0 Target : 0 LUN ID : 1   Volume ###  Ltr  Label        Fs     Type        Size     Status     Info   ----------  ---  -----------  -----  ----------  -------  ---------  --------   Volume 1     E   New Volume   NTFS   Partition    137 GB  Healthy DISKPART> 

There are three disks listed. 0 is an internal disk that is mirrored, with RAID 0, to another internal disk with the NetRAID card. 1 is comprised of two disks that are combined into one partition that is striped with RAID5 also using the NetRAID card. 2 is also two disks that are combined into one partition that is striped with RAID5 also using the NetRAID card.

Next, you'll run net with several different options and then exit to close the channel connection:

 C:\WINDOWS\system32> net start    Network Location Awareness (NLA)    Plug and Play    Print Spooler    Protected Storage    Remote Procedure Call (RPC)    Remote Registry    Secondary Logon    Security Accounts Manager    Server    Shell Hardware Detection    Special Administration Console Helper    System Event Notification    Task Scheduler    TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper    Terminal Services    Windows Management Instrumentation    Windows Time    Wireless Configuration    Workstation The command completed successfully. C:\WINDOWS\system32> net config server Server Name                            \\ITANIUM Server Comment Software version                       Microsoft Windows .NET Server is active on Server hidden                          No Maximum Logged On Users                Unlimited Maximum open files per session         16384 Idle session time (min)                15 The command completed successfully. C:\WINDOWS\system32>net user Software version                       Microsoft Windows .NET Server is active on Server hidden                          No Maximum Logged On Users                Unlimited Maximum open files per session         16384 Idle session time (min)                15 The command completed successfully. C:\WINDOWS\system32> net user User accounts for \\ITANIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------ Administrator            Guest                    SUPPORT_388945a0 The command completed successfully. C:\WINDOWS\system32> exit SAC> EVENT:   A channel has been closed. Channel: Cmd0008 SAC> 

Many Windows commands can be executed after a connection to the channel has been established in addition to the diskpart and net commands shown in the previous examples. The following example shows issuing the help command from the channel:

 C:\WINDOWS\system32> help For more information on a specific command, type HELP command-name ASSOC          Displays or modifies file extension associations. ATTRIB         Displays or changes file attributes. BREAK          Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking. BOOTCFG        Sets properties in boot.ini file to control boot loading. CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files. CALL           Calls one batch program from another. CD             Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHCP           Displays or sets the active code page number. CHDIR          Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHKDSK         Checks a disk and displays a status report. CHKNTFS        Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time. CLS            Clears the screen. CMD            Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter. COLOR          Sets the default console foreground and background colors. COMP           Compares the contents of two files or sets of files. COMPACT        Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions. CONVERT        Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the                current drive. COPY           Copies one or more files to another location. DATE           Displays or sets the date. DEL            Deletes one or more files. DIR            Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. DISKCOMP       Compares the contents of two floppy disks. DISKCOPY       Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another. DISKPART       Displays or configures Disk Partition properties. DOSKEY         Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and                creates macros. DRIVERQUERY    Displays current device driver status and properties. ECHO           Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off. ENDLOCAL       Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file. ERASE          Deletes one or more files. EVENTQUERY     Displays event log entries for specified criteria. EXIT           Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter). FC             Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the                differences between them. FIND           Searches for a text string in a file or files. FINDSTR        Searches for strings in files. FOR            Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files. FORMAT         Formats a disk for use with Windows. FSUTIL         Displays or configures the file system properties. FTYPE          Displays or modifies file types used in file extension                associations. GOTO           Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in                a batch program. GPRESULT       Displays Group Policy information for machine or user. GRAFTABL       Enables Windows to display an extended character set in                graphics mode. HELP           Provides Help information for Windows commands. IF             Performs conditional processing in batch programs. LABEL          Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk. MD             Creates a directory. MKDIR          Creates a directory. MODE           Configures a system device. MORE           Displays output one screen at a time. MOVE           Moves one or more files from one directory to another                directory. OPENFILES      Displays files opened by remote users for a file share. PAGEFILECONFIG Displays or configures Pagefile properties. PATH           Displays or sets a search path for executable files. PAUSE          Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message. POPD           Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by                PUSHD. PRINT          Prints a text file. PROMPT         Changes the Windows command prompt. PUSHD          Saves the current directory then changes it. RD             Removes a directory. RECOVER        Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk. REM            Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS. REN            Renames a file or files. RENAME         Renames a file or files. REPLACE        Replaces files. RMDIR          Removes a directory. SET            Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables. SETLOCAL       Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file. SC             Displays or configures services (background processes). SCHTASKS       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer. SHIFT          Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files. SHUTDOWN       Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine. SORT           Sorts input. START          Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command. SUBST          Associates a path with a drive letter. SYSTEMINFO     Displays machine specific properties and configuration. TASKLIST       Displays all currently running tasks including services. TASKKILL       Kill or stop a running process or application. TIME           Displays or sets the system time. TITLE          Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session. TREE           Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or                path. TYPE           Displays the contents of a text file. VER            Displays the Windows version. VERIFY         Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written VOL            Displays a disk volume label and serial number. XCOPY          Copies files and directory trees. WMIC           Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell. For more information on tools see the command-line reference in the online help. C:\WINDOWS\system32> 

Using SAC and the channels, you can connect to a Windows Server 2003 and perform command line-related work.