- Sampling
The process during which analog audio is converted into digital information. The sampling rate of an audio stream specifies how many samples are captured. Higher sample rates yield higher-quality audio. Examples: 44.1 K, 48 K.
- Saturation
The purity of color. As saturation is decreased, the color moves towards pastel then towards a white.
- Scale
In the Motion tab of the Viewer, an adjustable value that changes the overall size of a clip. The proportion of the image may or may not be maintained.
- Scratch disk
The hard drive that is designated as the destination to hold your captured media, rendered clips, and cache files.
- Scrub
To move through a clip or sequence with the aid of the playhead. Scrubbing is used to find a particular point or frame or to hear the audio.
- Scrubber bar
A bar below the Viewer and the Canvas that allows you to manually drag the playhead in either direction to playback.
- SECAM (Séquentiel Couleur à Mémoire)
The French television standard for playback. Similar to PAL, the playback rate is 25 fps and the frame size is 720 x 546.
- Selection tool
The default arrow-shaped pointer, which allows you to select items in the interface. For example, you use it to select a clip or edit point. You can choose the Selection tool by pressing the A key.
- Sequence
An edited assembly of video, audio, or graphics clips. In Final Cut Pro, sequences can be up to four hours long and contain as many clips as you need to tell your story. A sequence can contain your entire edited program or be limited to a single scene.
- Sequence clip
A clip that has been edited into a sequence.
- Shuttle control
The slider control located at the bottom of the Viewer and the Canvas. This control is useful for continuous playback at different speeds, in fast and slow motion. It also shifts the pitch of audio as it plays at varying speeds.
- Slate
A small clapboard that is placed in front of all cameras at the beginning of a scene, which identifies the scene with basic production information such as the take, date, and scene. A slate or clapper provides an audio/visual cue for synchronization of dual system recordings.
- Slide edit
An edit in which an entire clip is moved, along with the edit points on its left and right. The duration of the clip being moved stays the same, but the clips to the left and to the right of it change in length to accommodate the new positioning of the clip. The overall duration of the sequence and of these three clips remains the same.
- Slip edit
An edit in which the location of both In and Out points of a clip are changed at the same time, without changing the location or duration of the marked media. This is referred to as slipping because you slip a pair of In and Out points inside the available footage.
- Slug
A solid black video frame that can be used to represent a video clip that has not yet been placed in the Timeline.
- SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)
The organization responsible for establishing various broadcast video standards like the SMPTE standard timecode for video playback.
- Snapping
A setting in the Timeline that affects the movement of the playhead. When snapping is enabled, the playhead "snaps," or moves directly, to markers or edit points when it is moved close to them.
- Solo
An audio monitoring feature in which one audio track from a group may be isolated for listening without having to remove it from the group.
- SOT
Acronym for sound on tape.
- Sound byte (SOT, sound on tape)
A short excerpt taken from an inter-view clip.
- Split edit
An edit in which the video track or the audio track of a synchronized clip ends up being longer than the other; for example, the sound is longer than the video at the head of the clip, so it is heard before the video appears. Also referred to as an L-cut.
- Spread
An audio control that allows you to adjust the amount of separation of stereo channels.
- Square pixel
A pixel that has the same height as width. Computer monitors have square pixels, but NTSC and PAL video do not.
- Static region
An area in a sequence in the Timeline that you lock so that it is visible even when you scroll to see other tracks. The static area can contain audio tracks, video tracks, or both.
- Stereo audio
Sound that is separated into two channels, one carrying the sounds for the right ear and one for the left ear. Stereo pairs are linked and are always edited together. Audio level changes are automatically made to both channels at the same time. A pair of audio items may have their stereo pairing enabled or disabled at any time.
- Storyboard
A series of pictures that summarizes the content, action, and flow of a proposed project. When using the Browser in icon view, clips can be arranged visually, like a storyboard. When dragged as a group into the Timeline, the clips will be edited together in the order in which they appear in the Timeline, from left to right, and from the top line down to the bottom.
- Straight cut
An edit in which both the video and audio tracks are cut together to the Timeline.
- Streaming
The delivery of media over an intranet or over the Internet.
- Subclip
A clip created to represent a section of a master clip. Subclips are saved as separate items within a bin in the Browser, but do not generate any additional media on the hard disk.
- Superimpose edit
An edit in which an incoming clip is placed on top of a clip that's already in the Timeline at the position of the playhead. If no In or Out points are set in the Timeline and Canvas, the previously edited clip's In and Out points are used to define the duration of the incoming clip. Super imposed edits are used to overlay titles and text onto video, as well as to create other compositing effects.
- Super-black
Black that is darker than the levels allowed by the CCIR 601 engineering standard for video. The CCIR 601 standard for black is 7.5 IRE in the United States, and 0 IRE for PAL and for NTSC in Japan.
- Super-white
A value or degree of white that is brighter than the accepted normal value of 100 IRE allowed by the CCIR 601.
- Sweetening
The process of creating a high-quality sound mix by polishing sound levels, rerecording bad sections of dialogue, and recording and adding narration, music, and sound effects.
- Sync
The relationship between the image of a sound being made in a video clip (for example, a person talking) and the corresponding sound in an audio clip. Maintaining audio sync is critical when editing dialogue.
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