NAT, 307
National Crime Faculty (NCF), 349
National Crime Information Center (NCIC), 51–52
data regarding persons, 51–52
data regarding property, 51
defined, 51
Interstate Identification Index (III) access, 52
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 48
National Drug Pointer Index (NDPIX), 53
National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), 47
offense categories, 48–49
primary crimes, 47–48
National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) database, 53
National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), 53
National Integrated Ballistics Information Network (NIBIN), 52
National Law Enforcement Telecommunications Systems (NLETS), 50–51
data available from Canada, 50–51
data available from other states, 50
defined, 50
national files, 50
See also Criminal data
National Operations and Analysis Hub (NOAH), 13
National Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR/NIBRS), 53
Natural language processing (NLP), 8, 125
application, 125–26
defined, 125
development, 125
text mining and, 140
Neighborhood profiles, 43–45
ACORN database, 43
demographic data, 45
lifestyle clusters, 45
lifestyle information, 44
preferences data, 45
residential data, 45
socioeconomic data, 45
See also demographic data
Netcat, 308
NetFraud, 256–57, 266–67
NetMaker, 197
NETMAP, 84, 101–2
data decomposition, 101
data tracing, 102
defined, 101
layout support, 101
link chart, 85, 101
in money-laundering investigations, 84
security levels configuration, 102
See also Link analysis tools
Network architectures, 162–63
Neural Network Chromatogram Retrieval System (NNCRS), 172–77
background, 173–74
closest non-match, 177
research history, 174–77
second match, 176
summary, 173
Neural networks, 2, 9–11, 159–204
advantages, 164–65
architectures, 162–63
artificial (ANNs), 365, 366
Chicago Internal Affairs case study, 167–68
chromatogram retrieval system case study, 172–77
classification, 159
clustering, 159–60
clustering border smugglers with SOM, 169–72
connection weights, 161
as core technology, 195
defined, 160–61
for detecting criminal behavior, 10
effectiveness, 164
false positives, 195–96
forecasting, 160
in fraud detection, 264–66
functioning of, 161–62
functions of, 159–60
generalizing, 160
IDS development with, 322
investigative applications, 178
knowledge from, 161
Kohonen nets, 10
MLPs, 162–63
MO modeling case study, 179–95
as pattern-recognition engines, 9
reasons for using, 164–65
solutions, 164
SOMs, 10–11
training, 10, 163
using, 163–64
Neural network tools, 196–204
Attrasoft, 165–67, 196
BioComp iModel, 197
BrainMaker, 197–98
COGNOS 4Though, 197
MATLAB Neural Net Toolbox, 198–99
NeuralWare, 200–201
NeuroSolutions, 199–200
ProForma, 201–2
SPSS Neural Connection, 202
STATISTICA Neural Networks, 198, 202–3
Ward Systems packages, 203–4
NeuralWare, 200–201
InstaNet facility, 200
Predict product, 201
Professional II/PLUS, 200
See also Neural network tools
NeuroSolutions, 199–200
defined, 199
"feel," 199
principal component analysis (PCA), 199
wizard, 200
See also Neural network tools
Neusciences aXi Decision Tree, 228
Next Generation Intrusion Detection Expert System (NIDES), 318–19
Nmap, 305–6