Chapter Ten. Architects and Carpenters

Engineers produce plans. Builders implement the plans to produce a product.

TERRI MAGINNIS

Within mature fields, occupations are both stratified and specialized. In the construction industry, architects and engineers produce the plans that are built by general contractors. General contractors typically subcontract parts of a job to specialty contractors such as framers, plumbers, electricians, and landscapers. The software industry is developing its own stratification into software architects and carpenters. It's also developing its own specializations into software framers, plumbers, electricians, and landscapers.