Adding Global Exceptions

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The <global-exceptions> sub-element is used to define n-number of <exception> sub-elements that are throwable by any Action in a Struts application. This sub-element acts as a container for all public <exception> sub-elements.

The <exception> sub-element is used to associate a global exception with an ExceptionHandler. The sub-element is the core piece of the <global-exceptions> definition. The syntax of the <global-exceptions> sub-element, including an example nested <exception> element, is shown here:

 <global-exceptions>   <exception key="Key" type="Exception Type"     handler="Exception Handler"> </global-exceptions> 

Table 15.5 describes the attributes of an <exception> sub-element.

Table 15.5: The Attributes of an <exception> Sub-Element

Attribute	Description
bundle	A ServletContext attribute that names the resource bundle associated with the ExceptionHandler handling the defined <exception> elements. The default attribute is defined by the Globals.MESSAGES_KEY (org.apache.struts.Globals.MESSAGES_KEY). (optional)
className	The fully qualified class name of the configuration bean associated with the defined handler. The default class is org.apache.struts.config.ExceptionConfig.
handler	The fully qualified class name of the ExceptionHandler that will process the contained <exception> sub-elements. The default class is org.apache.struts.action.ExceptionHandler.
key	Used to retrieve the message template associated with this exception. (required)
path	The module-relative path that will act as the target of the ExceptionHandler associated with this exception. (optional)
scope	The scope of the ActionError object coupled with this exception. (optional)
type	The fully qualified class name of the exception defined by this <exception> sub-element. (required)

An example of using the <global-exceptions> sub-element is shown in the following code snippet:

 <global-exceptions>   <exception     key="wrox"     type="ch15.WroxException"     handler="ch15.WroxExceptionHandler"> </global-exceptions> 

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