The following table classifies awk functions and commands.
Function type
Functions or commands
Arithmetic
atan2
cos
exp
int
log
rand
sin
sqrt
srand
String
asort[a]
asorti[a]
gensub[a]
gsub
index
length
match
split
sprintf
strtonum[a]
sub
substr
tolower
toupper
Control flow
break
continue
do/while
exit
for
if/else
return
while
I/O
close
fflush[b]
getline
next
nextfile[b]
print
printf
Programming
extension[a]
delete
function
system
[a] Available in gawk.
[b] Available in Bell Labs awk and gawk.
The following functions are specific to gawk.
Bit manipulation
and
compl
lshift
or
rshift
xor
Time
mktime
strftime
systime
Translation
bindtextdomain
dcgettext
dcngettext