Review Questions and Answers

1.	You are the Solaris administrator for your network. One of your Solaris workstations has stopped responding while in the CDE environment. You want to return the system to the Forth Monitor. Which combination of keystrokes will accomplish this task? Control+A Stop+A Alt+A Stop+H
2.	You are the Solaris network architect for your company. You are giving a briefing to senior executives regarding the flexibility of Solaris. After you mention the concept of run levels, one of the executives asks how many run levels Solaris has. What do you tell her? Six Seven Eight Indefinite
3.	You are the Solaris administrator for your company. A user complains that his workstation no longer boots into Solaris automatically. He must type boot at the ok prompt and he no longer wants to do this. His system is running Solaris 9. You want to get to the Forth Monitor to change this setting. What is the recommended way to get to the Forth Monitor on his system? halt init 0 init 3 Press Stop and A at the same time.
4.	You are the network administrator for your company. You are troubleshooting a Solaris 9 computer that is not booting properly. What is the name of the primary startup file in\ Solaris 9? ufsboot solboot bootblk init kernel
5.	One of your users calls in with an error message during bootup. She reports that there is a cryptic message with the following information in it: /pci@1f,0/ide@d/disk@2,0. Which of the following are likely conclusions based on the information presented? (Choose all that apply.) The device is an IDE hard disk attached to the motherboard. The device is an IDE CD-ROM attached to the motherboard. The device has a device alias of disk2. The device has a device alias of IDED. The device has a device alias of disk0.
6.	You are on the phone with Sun tech support regarding problems you are having with one of your workstations. The computer you are working on is at an OpenBoot prompt. The tech support agent asks you for the version of OpenBoot PROM in your computer. Which two commands can you use to find this? (Choose all that apply.) banner .version .idprom .traps
7.	You are the Solaris server administrator for your company. Tomorrow night at 7:00, you are going to bring down the server for maintenance and an upgrade. You want to bring the server to run level 0, give the users five minutes warning, and you want the server to ask for confirmation from you before shutting down. Which command will you need to execute tomorrow evening at 6:55? shutdown -i 0 -g 5 shutdown -i 0 -g 5 -y shutdown -i 0 -g 300 shutdown -i 0 -g 300 -y
8.	You are the server administrator for your company. Your server had two tape drives in it, and each one had its own permanent custom device alias. They were backup1 and backup2. Recently, you removed one of the tape drives (backup2) and no longer want the alias to exist. What do you need to do to remove the alias? Use the nvunalias backup2 command. Use the unnvalias backup2 command. Use the undevalias backup2 command. Nothing. The device alias will be removed automatically after the system detects that the device is no longer present.
9.	You are the Solaris administrator for your company. You need to shut down a Solaris workstation after a user failed to do so during the day. Which is the best choice to properly shut down the system? Turn off the power. Issue the halt command. Issue the init 5 command. Issue the powerdown command.
10.	You are the server administrator for your company. You just added a new SCSI hard disk to your server and want to create a permanent alias for it. The path of the new device is /sbus@1f,0/scsi@0,1/sd@0,3, and the alias you want to use is scsi3. What command do you use to create the alias? devalias scsi3 /sbus@1f,0/scsi@0,1/sd@0,3 devalias /sbus@1f,0/scsi@0,1/sd@0,3 scsi3 nvalias scsi3 /sbus@1f,0/scsi@0,1/sd@0,3 nvalias /sbus@1f,0/scsi@0,1/sd@0,3 scsi3
11.	Which of the following options is required if you want your Solaris computer to boot directly to a login screen instead of a Forth prompt? boot-command boot boot-login? true auto-boot true auto-boot? true
12.	You are concerned with OpenBoot security on your 50 Solaris workstations. You decide to modify the security mode to command and want to set a firmware password. Which of the following is the correct method to set your security-password variable to kl0Wn? password kl0Wn password security-password kl0Wn setenv security-password kl0Wn setenv security-mode command password kl0Wn
13.	Based on the provided /etc/inittab file, which of the following statements are correct? (Choose all that apply.) ap::sysinit:/sbin/autopush -f /etc/iu.ap ap::sysinit:/sbin/soconfig -f /etc/sock2path fs::sysinit:/sbin/rcS sysinit>/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console is:2:initdefault: p3:s1234:powerfail:/usr/sbin/shutdown -y -i5 -g0 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog sS:s:wait:/sbin/rcS >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s0:0:wait:/sbin/rc0 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s1:1:respawn:/sbin/rc1 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s2:23:wait:/sbin/rc2 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s3:3:wait:/sbin/rc3 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s5:5:wait:/sbin/rc5 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console s6:6:wait:/sbin/rc6 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console fw:0:wait:/sbin/uadmin 2 0 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console of:5:wait:/sbin/uadmin 2 6 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console rb:6:wait:/sbin/uadmin 2 1 >/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console sc:234:respawn:/usr/lib/saf/sac -t 300 co:234:respawn:/usr/lib/saf/ttymon -g -h -p "`uname -n` console login: " -T sun -d /dev/console -l console -m ldterm,ttcompat The default run level for this computer is init state 3. When entering into init state 3, the rc2 script must completely execute before the rc3 script begins. Upon receiving a power failure message, the computer will give users a five-minute warning before shutting down. /usr/lib/saf/sac will restart automatically if at any time it fails while the system is in run states 2 or 3. To enter init state 3, eight of the entries in the /etc/inittab file are processed.
14.	You are the Solaris server administrator for your company. You want the server to automatically boot to a run level that enables users to log in remotely and access NFS-based resources. To which run level should you have your server boot? S 2 3 5
15.	You are the Solaris administrator for your company. One of your client machines is having problems operating properly. You suspect that a user changed multiple NVRAM variables to improper settings. Which command can you issue to set the variables back to factory settings? setenv defaults setenv defaults NVRAM set-default NVRAM set-defaults
16.	You are a kernel developer for your company. You have been tasked with developing an alternate kernel for network use. You want to reboot your Solaris computer and use your experimental kernel. Which command should you issue? boot -a boot -v boot -k boot kadb
17.	You are the Solaris administrator for your network. You just issued an init 6 command on one of your Solaris workstations. The scripts in which directory will be immediately executed? /etc/rc6.d /etc/rc0.d /sbin/rc3.d /sbin/rc0.d
18.	You are the network administrator for your company. You are making changes on one of your Solaris servers and want to temporarily stop the boot.server service on that server. Which command should you execute? /etc/init.d/boot.server stop stop /etc/init.d/boot.server pause /etc/init.d/boot.server /etc/init.d/boot.server pause Individual services cannot be stopped in Solaris 9.
19.	You are the Solaris administrator for your network. You want to prevent the S75cron script from running whenever the system boots. What is the recommended way to accomplish this? Delete the S75cron file. Rename S75cron to K75cron. Rename S75cron to OldFile. Rename S75cron to _S75cron.
20.	You are the network administrator for your company. You believe that the floppy drive in one of your workstations is not functioning properly and decide to test it from OpenBoot. Which command do you use to test the floppy disk drive? test /floppy test floppy test-floppy test.floppy

Answers

1.	B. The Stop+A key sequence will halt the operating system and return the computer to the OpenBoot (Forth Monitor) prompt.
2.	C. Solaris 9 has eight run levels. Only seven are currently used.
3.	B. The recommended way to shut down Solaris (and return to an ok prompt) is to issue an init 0 command or use the shutdown command. Because the user is on a workstation, shutdown is unnecessary. The halt command and Stop+A will work, but they are not recommended because they do not perform a proper shutdown of Solaris.
4.	C. The primary startup file in Solaris is bootblk. The secondary startup file is ufsboot, which is loaded by bootblk. The solboot file does not exist. The init process and kernel are critical to Solaris operation, but neither are the primary startup file.
5.	A, C. Based on the information presented, the device is the third IDE hard disk (disks start with number 0, so the third one would be 2) connected to the motherboard. Disk 2 has the default device alias disk2.
6.	A, B. To display the OpenBoot PROM version, the banner and .version commands can be used. The .idprom command will show contents of the PROM, but no version number. The .traps command is used to display processor traps, not OpenBoot information.
7.	C. The shutdown command can be used to shut down a server, provide a grace period (specified in seconds), and send a message to the users warning them to log out. The proper argument for specifying an init state is -i, and grace period is -g. If you wanted the server to shut down automatically without prompting you to continue, you could use the -y option as well.
8.	A. To remove permanent device aliases, which were likely created with the nvalias command, use the nvunalias command. The other two commands do not exist. Permanent device aliases must be deleted to be removed and are not removed automatically.
9.	C. The only recommended method among the available answers is the init 5 command. Using init 5 will force the system into an OpenBoot prompt and shut down the computer if possible. The halt command should be used only in emergency situations or if other shutdown commands fail.
10.	C. The correct order for creating an alias is command, alias, device path. To create a permanent alias, use the nvalias command. The devalias command would create the alias, but devalias does not create permanent aliases.
11.	D. To make your Solaris computer auto-boot, you need to make sure the auto-boot? option is set to true. Typically, the boot-command parameter will be set to boot as well, but this is not required to automatically boot.
12.	A. Most NVRAM parameters are set by using the setenv command. The security password is the one exception. Set the security password with the password command and then enable security-mode by using setenv.
13.	B, D, E. The default run level for this computer is 2, as specified by the initdefault option in line 4. Therefore, answer A is incorrect. When entering run state 3, the rc2 script must complete first. The s2: line specifies that rc2 must complete and the init process wait before continuing, so answer B is correct. When receiving a powerfail message, the server will give zero grace period, as specified by the -g0 option on the p3: line. Answer C is incorrect. The respawn variable tells init to automatically start /usr/lib/saf/sac if it fails, so answer D is correct. Answer E is correct. There are five lines that specifically call init state 3, and the first three lines, marked by the sysinit variable, always process.
14.	C. Run level 3 enables users to log in and also starts the NFS server and NFS client daemons.
15.	D. The set-defaults command will set all NVRAM parameters back to factory defaults. The setenv command is used to set individual parameters to specific values. The set-default parameter command will set the specified parameter back to factory defaults.
16.	A. The boot -a command invokes an interactive boot. An interactive boot will ask for the kernel, system file, root file system type, and physical name of the root device for booting. Using the -v argument initiates verbose mode during boot, and -k is not a valid option. To boot and use the kernel debugger (for troubleshooting), use boot kadb.
17.	B. In most cases, scripts are executed in the /etc/rc#.d directory that corresponds to the desired run level. As an example, init 3 will execute the scripts in the /etc/rc3.d directory. However, changing to run levels 5 and 6 cause the system to run the kill scripts in the /etc/rc0.d directory. There is no /etc/rc5.d or /etc/rc6.d directory by default.
18.	A. The correct syntax to stop a service is /etc/init.d/filename stop. To stop a service, you must be logged in as the superuser or have an equivalent role.
19.	D. If you no longer want a script to execute, rename it. However, it's best to rename it to something that is easily identifiable in case you ever want to re-enable the script. You definitely don't want to replace the S with a K, which would indicate a kill script instead of a start script.
20.	B. To test the floppy disk in OpenBoot, use the test floppy command. None of the test commands uses a hyphen or a period between the command and the device (although the watch and probe commands do). The forward slash (/) can be used to test memory, as in test /memory.