B

Index

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Babbage, Charles,
Baby-AT, 2nd
backplane systems
     active
     passive
backup power supply
     standby power supply
     UPS (uninterruptible power supply)
backups,
     backup software
     CMOS RAM setup
     importance of
     patches/updates
     ROM BIOS
     tape drives
         ADR (advanced digital recording)
         advantages of
         AIT (advanced intelligent tape) 2nd
         alternatives to
         backup software
         capacity
         choosing
         comparison of
         costs
         DAT (digital audio tape) 2nd
         data throughput
         disadvantages of
         disaster recovery
         DLT (digital linear tape)
         installation
         LTO (Linear Tape-Open)
         QIC
         QIC-Wide
         SLR drives
         software compatibility
         summary of standards
         tape compatibility
         tape retensioning
         Travan
         troubleshooting
         VXA drives 2nd
     troubleshooting
backward compatibility
     ATA (AT Attachment)
     DVD drives
     motherboard power connectors
     SATA (Serial ATA)
bad blocks,
Balanced Technology Extended (BTX) motherboards,
ball bearings,
ball-driven mouse devices,
bandwidth,
     AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) buses
     CATV networks
     DDR SDRAM (double data rate SDRAM)
     DDR2 SDRAM (double data rate SDRAM)
     DRAM (dynamic RAM)
     EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) buses
     ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) buses
     PCI (Peripheral Connect Interface) buses
     RDRAM (Rambus DRAM)
     SDRAM (synchronous DRAM)
banks (memory), 2nd
Bardeen, John, 2nd
base (semiconductors),
Base I/O Address setting (BIOS),
base memory, 2nd
basic input/output system [See BIOS (basic input/output system),.]
basic rate interface (BRI),
batteries
     battery connectors
     life
     lithium coin cell batteries
     replacing
     RTC/NVRAM
         modern CMOS batteries
         obsolute/unique CMOS batteries
         troubleshooting
     wireless input devices
baud rates,
bay-mounted cooling fans,
BBSs (bulletin board systems),
BBUL (bumpless build-up layer),
BD-RE discs,
bearings,
BEDO RAM (burst extended data out RAM),
Belden Wire and Cable,
bench testing,
benchmarks
     processor speed
         iCOMP 2.0 index ratings
         iCOMP 3.0 index ratings
         Pentium 4 SYSmark 2002 ratings
         Pentium 4 SYSmark 2004 ratings
     upgrading processors
Berners-Lee, Tim,
Bernoulli drives,
Berry, Clifford,
bezels, 2nd 3rd
BF (bus frequency) pins, 2nd
BiCMOS (bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor),
bidirectional parallel ports,
bilinear filtering,
binary digits [See bits (binary digits),.]
binary kilobytes,
binary multiples, 2nd
BIOS (basic input/output system), 2nd [See also POST (power on self test),.]
     adapter cards
     AMD-K6 processors
     AMI
     backing up
     boot ROM
     bootstrap loader
     burning
     buying tips
     CMOS RAM setup
         accessing
         additional setup features
         Advanced menu
         ATA Configuration menu
         backing up
         Boot Configuration menu
         Boot Device Priority menu
         Boot menu
         Event Logging menu
         Exit menu
         Extended Configuration menu 2nd
         Fan Control Configuration menu
         Floppy Configuration menu
         main menu
         Maintenance menu
         overclocking/burn-in test features
         PCI Configuration menu
         Peripheral Configuration menu
         PnP Configuration menu
         Power menu
         Resource Configuration menu
         saving
         Security menu
         USB Configuration menu
         Video Configuration menu
     compared to CMOS RAM
     compared to RAM
     dates
     defined 2nd
     drive capacity limitations
     drivers
     EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable ROM)
         flash ROM recovery
         upgrading
     EPROM (erasable programmable ROM)
     error messages
         DISK BOOT FAILURE
         Invalid partition table
         Missing operating system
         No boot device available
         No boot sector on fixed disk
         NO ROM BASIC SYSTEM HALTED
         Non-System disk or disk error
     firmware
     flash ROM 2nd
     hard disk capacity limitations
     host adapter BIOS
     ID strings
         AMI Hi-Flex BIOS
         AMI Hi-Flex BIOS String 2
         AMI Hi-Flex BIOS String 3
         older AMI BIOS versions
         viewing
     IML (Initial Microcode Load)
     IPL (initial program load) ROM 2nd
     logical memory layout
     manufacturers
         AMI (American Megatrends, Inc.)
         Award Software
         MR (Microid Research)
         OEMs (original equipment manufacturers)
         Phoenix
     Mask ROM
     memory conflicts
     motherboard BIOS 2nd
     non-PC ROM upgrades
     passwords
     PnP (Plug and Play) 2nd
     preboot environment
     PROM (programmable ROM)
     replacing
     ROM chip part numbers
     ROM hardware
     ROM shadowing 2nd
     RTC/NVRAM (real-time clock/nonvolatile memory) chips
     SATA (Serial ATA) setup
     Setup program
         accessing
         additional setup features
         Advanced menu
         ATA Configuration menu
         ATA RAID Controller feature
         Boot Configuration menu
         Boot Device Priority menu
         Boot menu
         Boot Up Floppy Seek feature
         Boot Up System Speed feature
         CPU Clock Multiplier feature
         CPU Frequency feature
         CPU Hyper-threading feature
         CPU Internal Cache/External Cache feature
         CPU Vcore Setting feature
         Event Logging menu
         Exit menu
         Extended Configuration menu 2nd
         Fan Control Configuration menu
         Floppy Configuration menu
         Gate A20 Option feature
         HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability feature
         IEEE-1394a Port feature
         main menu
         Maintenance menu
         numeric keypads
         Operating Frequency feature
         overclocking/burn-in test features
         PC Health feature
         PCI Configuration menu
         Peripheral Configuration menu
         PnP Configuration menu
         Power menu
         PS/2 Mouse Function Control feature
         Quick Power On Self Test feature
         Report No FDD For WIN 95 feature
         Resource Configuration menu
         ROM Shadowing feature
         running 2nd
         Security menu
         Security Option feature
         Serial ATA Controller feature
         summary of menus
         Swap Floppy Drive feature
         Typematic Delay feature
         Typematic Rate feature
         Typematic Rate Setting feature
         USB Configuration menu
         Video Configuration menu
         Virus Warning feature
     The BIOS Companion
     updates
     upgrading
         advantages of
         chip replacements
         CMOS RAM addresses
         CMOS RAM backups
         CMOS RAM diagnostic status codes
         flash ROM recovery
         flash ROM upgrades
         IML (Initial Microcode Load)
         keyboard-controller chips
         obtaining updates
         prerequisites
         version information
         Y2K issues
     version, determining
     video BIOS 2nd
     Y2K issues
BIOS RAM checksum error System halted (error message),
Bipolar Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (BiCMOS),
bit-level ECC (error correction codes),
bit-shift translation,
bits (binary digits),
     bit cells 2nd
     bit rates
     bit-level ECC (error correction codes)
     bit-shift translation
     merge bits
     parity bits
Black Box Corporation,
BlackICE Software website,
blanks,
BLER (block error rate),
Block Mode PIO (Programmed I/O),
blocked data,
Blu-ray discs,
Blue Book standard,
Bluetooth, 2nd
bonding,
Boot Configuration menu (BIOS),
Boot Device Priority menu (BIOS),
Boot menu (BIOS),
boot process,
     additional boot devices
     BIOS Boot Configuration menu
     BIOS Boot menu
     boot floppy disks
     bootable CDs 2nd
     booting from CD-ROM
     DOS
     operating system independent
         central hardware test
         cold starts
         MBR (master boot record)
         Plug and Play BIOS
         POST (power on self test) 2nd
         ROM BIOS
         sector errors
         VBR (volume boot record)
         video ROM scan
         warm starts
     quiet boots
     rescue CDs
     troubleshooting 2nd
     Windows 9x/Me
         IO.SYS file
         real-mode configuration
         WIN.COM file
     Windows NT/2000/XP
boot ROM (read-only memory),
Boot Up Floppy Seek setting (BIOS),
Boot Up System Speed setting (BIOS),
bootable CDs, creating, 2nd
bootable DVDs, creating,
bootstrap loader,
bootstrap troubleshooting approach,
Borland,
bouncing keystrokes,
"boxed" processors,
branch prediction, 2nd 3rd
branch target buffers (BTB),
Brattain, Walter, 2nd
Break codes,
breakout boxes,
Breeds Hill (848P) chipsets,
BRI (basic rate interface),
bridges
     bridge taps
     wireless bridges
brightness (LCD panels),
broadband Internet access
     advantages
     cable modems
         asymmetrical networks
         bandwidth
         bundled cable modems
         CableLabs Certified cable modems
         CATV networks
         connecting to Internet with
         costs
         DOCSIS standards
         external
         internal
         performance
         security
     comparison of access types 2nd
     convenience
     cost
     DirecWAY
     DSL (digital subscriber line)
         ADSL (asymmetric DSL)
         advantages
         availability
         CAP (carrierless amplitude/phase)
         CDSL (consumer DSL)
         costs
         DMT (discrete multitone)
         DSLAM (DSL access multiplier)
         DSLReports.com website
         G.Lite
         low-pass filters
         microfilters
         modems
         SDSL (symmetrical DSL)
         security
         service providers
         splitters
         technical problems
         telephone line issues
         transceivers
         type comparison
         xDSL
     ease of reconnection
     filtering services
     fixed-base wireless broadband
     ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
         BRI (basic rate interface)
         costs
         kilobytes
         multiple call signaling
         PRI (primary rate interface)
         TAs (terminal adapters)
         wire feet
     ISPs (Internet service providers)
     leased lines
         choosing
         defined
         PoP (point of presence)
         T-1 connections
         T-3 connections
     satellite performance
     service interruptions
     signal lights
     speed 2nd
     StarBand
     TCP/IP settings
     telephone line usage
brushes,
BSafe Online,
BTB (branch target buffer),
BTX motherboards,
buckling spring keyboards,
buffers
     buffer underruns
     buffered DIMMs (dual inline memory modules)
     buffered memory modules
     CD/DVD drives
     stencil buffering
     T-buffers
     TLB (translation lookaside buffer)
     Z-buffering
bugs
     MTH (Memory Translator Hub) bug
     processor bugs
         FDIV (floating-point divide)
         power management
building systems [See assembling systems,.]
built-in power protection systems,
built-in synchronous math coprocessors,
bulk on spindle media,
bulletin board systems (BBSes),
bumpless build-up layer (BBUL),
bundled cable modems,
burn-in,
burning CDs,
     buffer underruns
     copy protection
         SafeAudio
         SafeDisc
     DAE (digital audio extraction)
     "For Music Use Only" discs
     reliability
     software
     tips and recommendations
burst extended data out RAM (BEDO RAM),
bus frequency (BF) pins, 2nd
buses,
     AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) 2nd
     arbitrated buses
     AT-class systems
     ATA (AT Attachment)
     bandwidth
     bus masters 2nd 3rd
     bus widths 2nd
     compatibility
     defined
     DIB (dual independent bus) architecture
     DMA (Direct Memory Access) channels
     EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture)
         bandwidth
         connectors
         interrupts
         pinouts
     external
     HyperTransport bus
     I/O port addresses
         bus-based device port addresses
         chipset-based device port addresses
         motherboard-based device port addresses
     identifying
     importance of
     internal
     IRQs (interrupt request channels)
         16-bit ISA/EISA/MCA bus interrupts
         8-bit ISA bus interrupts
         conflicts
         edge-triggered interrupt sensing
         interrupt sharing
         IRQ Steering 2nd
         maskable interrupts
         PCI interrupts
     ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) 2nd
         16-bit
         32-bit
         8-bit
         bandwidth
         DMA (Direct Memory Access) channels
         interrupts
     local buses
     MCA (microchannel architecture) 2nd
     memory buses 2nd
     MuTIOL architecture
     NICs (network interface cards)
     overclocking
     PC/XT-class systems
     PCI (Peripheral Connect Interface) 2nd
         adapter cards
         APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller)
         bandwidth
         board configurations
         bus types
         interrupts
         modems
         PCI-Express 2nd
         PCI-X buses
         specifications
     processor buses 2nd
         address buses
         bandwidth
         external data buses
         internal data buses
     slaves
     snooping
     topology
     USB (universal serial bus)
         adapters
         advantages of
         cables
         CD/DVD drives
         compared to IEEE 1394
         connectors 2nd
         drivers
         enabling
         functions
         game ports
         hubs
         IRQs (interrupt requests)
         keyboards
         keychain drives
         legacy USB support 2nd
         legacy-free PCs
         modem connections
         mouse interfaces
         NRZI (non-return to zero) data encoding
         PnP (Plug and Play)
         resource conflicts
         self-identifying peripherals
         speed
         support for
         troubleshooting
         USB 2.0
         USB On-The-Go
         USBready
     VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association)
     video adapters
         AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) 2nd
         comparison of
         PCI Express
         width of
Busisom,
buying tips
     broadband Internet access
     cables 2nd
     cases
     CD-R media
     cooling fans
         bay-mounted fans
         built-in fans
     dial-up modems
     DMMs (digital multimeters)
     floppy disk drives
     gateways
     hard disk drives
     heatsinks
         active heatsinks
         passive heatsinks
     hubs
     input devices
     keyboards
     LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors
     LPX-compatible products
     microphones
     monitors
     motherboards
         BIOS (basic input/output system)
         chipsets
         data books
         integrated adapters
         jumpers
         memory
         ports
         processors
     optical drives
     power supply 2nd
     RAM (random access memory)
         DIMMs
         RIMMs
         SIMMs
         suppliers
     removable drives 2nd
     sound cards 2nd
     speakers 2nd
     switches
     tape drives
     video adapters
     video monitors
         brightness and contrast
         digital controls
         dot pitch
         emissions
         frequencies
         interlaced/noninterlaced
         power management
         refresh rates
         resolution
         size
         stripe pitch
Byte Runner Technologies,