High-Capacity Magnetic Storage Devices

High-capacity removable media drives are an ever-shrinking category. With competition at the low end (1GB and under capacities) from USB flash memory keychain drives and at higher capacities from external mini-hard disks (4GB and up), rewritable DVD (8.5GB), and larger USB and FireWire hard disks (20GB and up), there are only two current product families, both from Iomega:

• Zip. Flexible media, with capacities of 100MB, 250MB, and 750MB

• REV. Rigid media, with capacity of 35GB (native) up to 90GB (2.6:1 compression)

Other removable-media drives manufactured in the last few years have been discontinued. These include

• Iomega PocketZip (originally Clik!)

• Imation LS-120 SuperDisk

• Imation LS-240 SuperDisk

• SyQuest (SparQ, SyJet, and all other models)

• Iomega Jaz

• Castlewood Orb

• Iomega Peerless

If you use any of the drives in the discontinued list, you should consider moving your data to current magnetic, tape, or optical storage technologies. A discontinued removable-storage drive is essentially an orphan. There are three reasons for this:

• Repairs can be difficult to come by, especially in the case of a product such as the Castlewood Orb, whose manufacturer (Castlewood Systems) went bankrupt in 2004 and no longer offers online or other forms of support.

• Unlike other storage technologies such as floppy, CD, DVD, and tape, media for removable-media drives is usually proprietary and can only be obtained from the original manufacturer in most cases.

• Most removable-media drives require special drivers to function. As new versions of Windows and other operating systems are delivered, a removable-media drive that works, mechanically speaking, might not be compatible.

Table 10.5 provides an overview of current and recent high-capacity (100MB and larger) magnetic removable-media drives. The following sections provide additional detail about current models.

Table 10.5. Current and Recent High-Capacity Magnetic Removable-Media Drives

Removable Media Drive	Manufacturer	Media Type (Technology)	Capacity	Status	Notes
PocketZip	Iomega	Flexible (magnetic)	40MB	Discontinued	1
Zip 100	Iomega	Flexible (magnetic)	100MB	Current	2
LS-120 SuperDisk	Imation, others	Flexible (floptical)	120MB	Discontinued	3, 4
LS-240 SuperDisk	Imation, others	Flexible (floptical)	240MB	Discontinued	3, 4, 5
Zip 250	Iomega	Flexible (magnetic)	250MB	Current	2, 6
Zip 750	Iomega	Flexible (magnetic)	750MB	Current	2, 7
SparQ	SparQ	Rigid (magnetic)	1GB	Discontinued	8
Jaz	Iomega	Rigid (magnetic)	1GB	Discontinued	9
Jaz	Iomega	Rigid (magnetic)	2GB	Discontinued	9, 10
Orb 2.2GB	Castlewood	Rigid (magnetic)	2.2GB	Discontinued	11
Orb 5.7GB	Castlewood	Rigid (magnetic)	5.7GB	Discontinued	11, 12
Peerless	Iomega	Rigid (magnetic)	10GB	Discontinued	13
Peerless	Iomega	Rigid (magnetic)	20GB	Discontinued	13
1. Originally known as Clik! Media available from Iomega (www.iomega.com).
2. Media available from Iomega (www.iomega.com) and Fujifilm (www.fujifilm.com).
3. Media available from Maxell (www.maxell.com).
4. Read/write compatible with standard 720KB and 1.44MB 3 1/2" floppy disks.
5. Supports special 32MB format for 1.44MB 3 1/2" floppy disks.
6. Drive read-write compatible with Zip 100 media.
7. Drive read-write compatible with Zip 250 media; read-compatible with Zip 100 media.
8. Limited tech support, drive and media availability from SYQT, Inc. (www.syquest.com); see website for support and media availability for older SyQuest products (SyJet, others).
9. Media available from Iomega (www.iomega.com).
10. Read/write compatible with 1GB Jaz media.
11. No support available from manufacturer; some stores still have media and drives. Check DriverGuide (www.driverguide.com) or other websites for drivers.
12. Read-compatible with 2.2GB Orb media.
13. Drivers available from Iomega (www.iomega.com); some stores still have media and drives.

Iomega Zip

Although Iomega Zip drives are no longer as popular as they were in the late 1990s, their widespread industry adoption and easy media and drive availability make them the leading andwith the demise of SuperDiskthe only bigger-than-floppy magnetic removable-media storage de facto standard. Various models can be purchased as upgrades for existing computers, and media is available from both Iomega and Fujifilm.

Unlike the LS-120 and LS-240 SuperDisk drives, the Iomega Zip drive can't use standard 3 1/2" floppy disks. It is a descendent of a long line of removable-media drives from Iomega that go back to the first Bernoulli cartridge drives released in the early 1980s.

Note

For more information about Iomega Bernoulli drives, see Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 14th Edition, available in electronic form on the disc packaged with this book.

The current form of Bernoulli-technology drive from Iomega is the popular Zip drive. These devices are available in 100MB, 250MB, and 750MB versions with either ATAPI (internal), USB (external), or FireWire (external) interfaces. They also sell specific external models with either SCSI or parallel port interfaces. In addition, low-power PC Card or internal drive bay versions are available from various aftermarket vendors designed for use in notebook computers.

Zip 100 drives can store up to 100MB of data on a small removable magnetic cartridge that resembles a 3 1/2" floppy disk. The newer Zip 250 drives store up to 250MB of data on the same size cartridge and can read and write to the Zip 100 cartridges. The most recent Zip drive holds 750MB of data. It's available in separate ATAPI internal versions for PC and Mac and in USB 2.0 and FireWire (IEEE 1394a) versions for use with both platforms. It has read/write compatibility with Zip 250 media, but it has read-only compatibility with Zip 100 media. For best performance, you should use the native media size with Zip 250 and Zip 750 drives; these drives read and write much more slowly when smaller Zip media is used than when their native media size is used.

For more information about Zip drives, see the Technical Reference section of the disc packaged with this book.

Iomega REV

Iomega REV was introduced in 2004. It is designed to be used in several ways:

• Backup. REV provides capacity comparable to that of DAT 72 or DLT VS80 tape drives while providing faster read and write access.

• Primary storage. REV can be used as a bootable hard disk. The drive supports all common internal and external interfaces (see Table 10.6).

• Additional storage. REV cartridges use a rigid removable disk (RRD) design that provides a sealed, air-filtered environment for read/write heads and electronics and a spin rate of 4,200RPM, which is comparable to many notebook computer hard disks.

REV uses 35GB hard-disktype removable-media cartridges. In drag-and-drop file transfer tests, REV drives offer comparable transfer rates to 30GB ATA/IDE hard disks with files up to 64KB in size, and they are much faster with files of 1MB or larger. The maximum data transfer is up to 25MBps.

Iomega REV Capacity

The native capacity of any Iomega REV drive is 35GB. Iomega claims a maximum compressed capacity of 90GB (2.6:1), based on testing performed with the Calgary Corpus data set. However, most users will not see this level of data compression in most real-world operations. The reason is that the files used in the Calgary Corpus were primarily text files. As you'll learn if you spend any time using PKZip, WinZip, or the built-in Zip-compatible Windows XP archiving feature, text files can be compressed up to 90% smaller than normal. However, a great deal of the data on today's systems is already compressed data, such as JPEG photos, PDF files, MP3 and WMA audio files, Zip and cab archives, and so forth. A better estimate for compression performance is to assume a maximum capacity of 70GB (2:1 compression), as is assumed by most third-party backup products.

Note

The Calgary Corpus data set was developed in 1990 by Tim Bell and Ian Witten. It can be downloaded from www.data-compression.info/Corpora/CalgaryCorpus/.

A newer data set used for compression testing is the Canterbury Corpus. It can be downloaded from http://corpus.canterbury.ac.nz/index.html. This corpus was developed in 1997. You might want to try both with your favorite backup or archiving programs to see how the results differ.

Iomega REV Drives

Iomega offers a wide variety of drive interfaces for REV, enabling you to choose a drive for almost any type of internal or external host adapter. Table 10.6 lists available models. Note that all drives include Iomega Automatic Backup Pro for Windows 2000 and XP.

Table 10.6. Iomega REV Drive Versions

Interface	Form Factor	Third-Party Backup Software Included
USB 2.0	Desktop
ATA/IDE (ATAPI)	3 1/2" or 5 1/4" internal
1394a/FireWire 400[1]	Desktop	Dantz Retrospect Express for Mac
SCSI external[2]	Desktop	Yosemite TAPEWARE for REV
SCSI internal[2]	3 1/2" or 5 1/4" internal	Yosemite TAPEWARE for REV
SATA internal	3 1/2" or 5 1/4" internal

^[1] Compressed capacity of 70GB when Dantz Retrospect Express is used

^[2] Ultra160 LVD interface

Adaptations of Iomega REV Technology

Iomega REV is not just a PC-based backup and storage technology. Iomega manufactures a 10-cartridge autoloader known as the REV Autoloader 1000 for servers. It includes CA Brightstor ARCServe Backup OEM edition for a single server, and it connects to a server via a 68-pin LVD SCSI connection. Options include a bar code reader, a remote management unit, and 2U rack-mounted hardware.

Thomson (www.thomson.net) has adapted the Iomega REV for IT-based video recording purposes as part of its Grass Valley Infinity line of DV camcorder and recorder products introduced in 2005. These devices also use a new version of the REV cartridge known as the REV PRO as well as solid-state Compact Flash memory for video recording.