U

UFS file system, 115, 123

CD-ROM and, 108

creating, 113

Extended Fundamental Types and, 110

hard disk and, 108

large file systems and, 110

logging and, 110

maximum size of, 127

multiterabyte file systems and, 110

UFS snapshot, 290, 301

restoring, 299–301

virtual device and, 290, 291

UID, 189, 190, 193, 501

numbers and, 188

Uniplexed Information and Computing Service (UNICS), 6

universal disk format (UDF), 108

DVD and, 108, 123

UNIX, 4, 103, 182, 528

Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), 321

characteristics of, 9

components and, 8

daemons and, 12

file organization, 16–18

files and, 91, 212

hardware architectures and, 6

history of, 7

kinds of, 6, 7, 7, 10

multiuser and multitasking system, 13

OS concepts and, 6

philosophy of, 8

platforms, distributed in tar mode, 285

source code and, 6

startup scripts, 89

structure of, 7

systems, 172

unification, POSIX standards, 10–11

UNIX commands, 13–16, 16–18, 21

structure, 14–15

argument, 14, 23

name, 14

option, 14

syntax, 23

UNIX file system (UFS), 108, 113, 123

boot block, 134

BSD fast file system and, 108

data block, 134

default for Solaris and, 108

Extended Fundamental Types and, 111

features of, 110

inode, 134

large file systems and, 111

logging and, 111

multiterabyte file systems and, 111

state flags and, 111

superblock, 134

UNIX operating system (OS), 7, 24

architecture of, 7

characteristics of, 8

command-based, 24

development of standard OS and, 10

evolution of, 6–11

history of, 6–9

kernel and, 7

multiple processes and, 8

multiple uses and, 8

network protocols and, 8

UNIX startup scripts, 352

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, 351

upgrade, 36

live, 29

modifications and, 37–38

on a SPARC machine, 35–38, 36

on an x86 machine, 38–42

U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA), 313

user

adding to group, 180

administration, 165–196

anonymous, 169

groups and, 188

log in, 184

name, 167–168, 188, 192

password, 187

root, 204

subtrees, 169

switching, 204

work environment, 166

customizing, 187

user access, restricting, 207

user access to printing, controlling, 260–263

user accounts, 190

adding, 187

basics of, 166–175

components of, 167, 186, 187

creating, 180, 186, 187

with the SMC GUI tool, 182–183

deleting, 179, 187, 193

files, 171

information about, 187

managing, 175–187

with shell command line, 176–182

with the SMC GUI, 182–184

modifying, 187

structure, 167–170

user administration, security and, 187

User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 316

user designation, 217

group, 217

other, 217

user, 217

user ID (UID), 169–170, 187, 192, 235

effective, 242

integers and, 169

real, 242

user initialization files, 184–185

login shells, 184

default, 185

user logins, 167

disabling, 202

name, 187, 189

temporarily disabling, 202

work environment and, 185, 187

users

attempt to switch, 227

multiple, 187

passwords and, 223

switching on a system, 203

unauthorized, 198

without passwords, finding, 225

USF file system, 125

restoring, 293

utility, defined, 12

UTP, cables, 325

categories (cats), 326

UTP, network, 328